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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare

As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 69 of 69 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2505.20020.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.20020 v1

Coverage vector

measured 69 of 69 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:41.313293Z

measured 70 of 70 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-15T20:05:06.786688Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

69 of 69 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact17
  • verified fuzzy27
  • unresolved15
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier3
  • metadata mismatch7

External citation measurements

2
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation 5ed2fffe-ff07-4004-8a4d-a99b61f9463b · outbound

This paper cites BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making23(1), 8 (2023).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making23(1), 8 (2023)

Reference 1

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:45.228055Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

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Observation 1b1d1aea-94f1-4e00-b401-d8b55a2ec544 · outbound

This paper cites JMIR Medical Education10, e51391 (2024).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare JMIR Medical Education10, e51391 (2024)

Reference 2

Resolution
malformed identifier
doi_truncated, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:45.008666Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:34.684280Z digest=sha256:f60a3939357ca8b73937550576498b9ec4643cc91fbe258a3f3b939901082a6a

Observation 17b3d4ac-ee62-4691-92ba-8aeeb1765696 · outbound

This paper cites International Journal of Population Data Science5(1) (2020).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare International Journal of Population Data Science5(1) (2020)

Reference 3

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:54.192224Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:34.768226Z digest=sha256:2cbe94ec0ad9c55715aa9d73280d7c8ed68942f4f018cbef8b62e799f09847de

Observation 4281bb2e-7f27-433a-a383-05ce07b7f058 · outbound

This paper cites Analytics Vidhya, unpublished (2023).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Analytics Vidhya, unpublished (2023)

Reference 4

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:54.084596Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:34.895647Z digest=sha256:3163eb2ecc82bcab813f5af20e25752244872b1417b66a053618376347d4ca67

Observation 869aadf5-bf31-4a3c-8333-3157fb054e1f · outbound

This paper cites Information Fusion96, 156–191 (2023).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Information Fusion96, 156–191 (2023)

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:35.001929Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:35.001929Z digest=sha256:3f9cc3b2fdca9989a1e98bcbbafd9c2867f78db4279fff97d1a2da5b65aebe30

Observation bf4ab787-d116-483f-ada1-4c500b66d3b0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:35.095847Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:35.095847Z digest=sha256:0b19ca0efe232630de8b6c2988e58c6f2041bd2e91e74a09c702f6ff5a5887b2

Observation b9f5a05a-8ea4-4697-898f-e19b68207a1a · outbound

This paper cites Scientific Reports14(1), 29881 (2024).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Scientific Reports14(1), 29881 (2024)

Reference 7

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:44.762137Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:35.230392Z digest=sha256:67c9433692cc88268e831b41a8619a3ca072a8926bf91073ccd544e01778ef8a

Observation ccef8b64-ee28-4dc5-8509-1d6c73f687a0 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Generative Programming: Concepts and Experiences, GPCE 2020, p.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare In: Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Generative Programming: Concepts and Experiences, GPCE 2020, p

Reference 8

Resolution
metadata mismatch
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:47.657315Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:35.334843Z digest=sha256:71a64db9997e3c83bc809784b13cd9e65eb512567edefaa949c99bf4d51c2b12

Observation 304f5b35-e663-4cd9-b4c2-cb065a6e04e2 · outbound

This paper cites Drug Safety20(2), 109–117 (1999).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Drug Safety20(2), 109–117 (1999)

Reference 9

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:44.562464Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:35.427359Z digest=sha256:b42e1b44b9202497d97e3195f14b163a86742d07a1dd96fcb6ffe55187a97031

Observation d486038e-9f25-45fa-b402-c7821a3225c5 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 10th USENIX Conference on Operating Systems Design and Implemen- tation (OSDI), pp.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare In: Proceedings of the 10th USENIX Conference on Operating Systems Design and Implemen- tation (OSDI), pp

Reference 10

Resolution
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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:53.950761Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:35.517799Z digest=sha256:1633264346473af0b2574e4fb1dc393890a1d98e3def75adb4ec3ad55718ca2e

Observation e30f5fef-df97-4115-a4ae-e4524c49699f · outbound

This paper cites Patterns (N Y)5(12), 101098 (2024).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Patterns (N Y)5(12), 101098 (2024)

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:35.615875Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:35.615875Z digest=sha256:53723b5dcdbd9ea920529a4f4269e6abcec155a2743d7622aec7289285a0218c

Observation 76c21ce2-b1a6-4ea7-8ea3-89c8d308524c · outbound

This paper cites An- alytics India Magazine (2020).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare An- alytics India Magazine (2020)

Reference 12

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:53.816258Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:35.737820Z digest=sha256:18154c27094c4c3f6ce21ef4e299446fd7f18d502c505427db2474548b7c801c

Observation 6f19a51c-85b8-48f4-96f7-5a96cf195317 · outbound

This paper cites Morgan Kaufmann (2012).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Morgan Kaufmann (2012)

Reference 13

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:53.600146Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:35.839321Z digest=sha256:3c8e0d9014cb56cf5a38283888c7a4d3f41224da32ade3b32534e829dec492ef

Observation 41555683-e305-4a2e-b229-fc1b964da295 · outbound

This paper cites Studies in Health Technology and Informatics121, 279–290 (2006).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Studies in Health Technology and Informatics121, 279–290 (2006)

Reference 14

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:44.398166Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:35.972575Z digest=sha256:be12b5d74aae39c6ba8ad57469078cc9fbca450eb3fee698f385d57d050f9684

Observation e9ce487d-f763-48cf-92a4-4d92341b092f · outbound

This paper cites StatPearls [Internet].

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare StatPearls [Internet]

Reference 15

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:53.453802Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:36.085556Z digest=sha256:91287dc99ad078448793869f57905d98a23713daf15937637042740900e4f2fc

Observation c8cd95f9-ce8f-4108-96cb-e72742b8a6d9 · outbound

This paper cites JustAct: A Framework for Auditable Multi-Agent Systems Regulated by Inter-Organisational Policies.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare JustAct: A Framework for Auditable Multi-Agent Systems Regulated by Inter-Organisational Policies

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:36.182302Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:36.182302Z digest=sha256:889972ff91408fe09a7c487aefe31416c22969b1e63ac88e5766d7bca47fc09c

Observation 7663b9e2-02a9-48f6-b6e0-d0c791ef4f43 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:36.273773Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:36.273773Z digest=sha256:23529e11378df13f8783cabd034c93164fca9905fd1e3a2156b9a74629307993

Observation ce8f8450-a53d-42f9-8c1d-91d663f65415 · outbound

This paper cites URL https://www.gartner.com/reviews/market/enterprise-low-code- application-platform.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare URL https://www.gartner.com/reviews/market/enterprise-low-code- application-platform

Reference 18

Resolution
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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:53.200117Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:36.372071Z digest=sha256:38b246531a336ef2d16fac8e1188e18a382cf48dcc5b4528931787d75e371709

Observation f871c9bb-fd2d-4517-bd4e-319e8f0885bf · outbound

This paper cites Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association28(7), 1507–1517 (2021).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association28(7), 1507–1517 (2021)

Reference 19

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:44.176587Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:36.441744Z digest=sha256:7d3e29cb87b19624289cf70279324b5c0ec1535409b2af9056d777101906c7ae

Observation 7f1c1dd5-29da-487d-87cc-2f1589ba6a97 · outbound

This paper cites URL https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry- analysis/low-code-application-development-platform-market.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare URL https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry- analysis/low-code-application-development-platform-market

Reference 20

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:52.947980Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:36.495805Z digest=sha256:6e6c671bdf0a7af2b993d5c15885cad47588eb47f4b3d92295333f3225d5ee09

Observation d9e110fb-aeca-4026-908e-01cfb8e242dc · outbound

This paper cites New England Journal of Medicine379(15), 1452–1462 (2018).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare New England Journal of Medicine379(15), 1452–1462 (2018)

Reference 21

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verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:44.006418Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:36.573201Z digest=sha256:56aec99a076e4ea4a701782593529689949a4412147a2a2015eed29561ddc8f1

Observation 4de98c96-4336-4a80-a444-24cb3385437a · outbound

This paper cites In: International Conference on Extending Database Technology (2025).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare In: International Conference on Extending Database Technology (2025)

Reference 22

Resolution
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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:52.690762Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:36.646428Z digest=sha256:30824588e8b93727736c59ee20f2767694e5052218c83554051dbd08166dc4f0

Observation 26d20838-5c03-4508-bd7d-382ff4cb9204 · outbound

This paper cites https://www.docker.com/ (2024).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare https://www.docker.com/ (2024)

Reference 23

Resolution
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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:52.441134Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:36.702437Z digest=sha256:96367962a33b1194bffbe171598713cd5c9714fcb40425fb1c140a08a15d3e37

Observation 77fce270-95f4-44df-bbde-6fdbeefcceb1 · outbound

This paper cites Computers in Biology and Medicine171, 108189 (2024).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Computers in Biology and Medicine171, 108189 (2024)

Reference 24

Resolution
metadata mismatch
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:47.179165Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:36.764343Z digest=sha256:b7ff897a9101131b8025909b8a59bcc537d07243c51bd30491598aa24ba6f6ef

Observation 01d7693c-3dee-4940-bf60-8686faea2c96 · outbound

This paper cites URL https://doi.org/10.13026/C2XW26.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare URL https://doi.org/10.13026/C2XW26

Reference 25

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:36.830535Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:36.830535Z digest=sha256:b2f516158f72820bcb855f3b4cc99d65de5534450f3bf8f91d2092e00ff0eb2d

Observation 4163a2ee-25f5-4da4-9a03-8780dafce63f · outbound

This paper cites https://kidsfirstdrc.org/.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare https://kidsfirstdrc.org/

Reference 27

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:52.181486Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:36.952181Z digest=sha256:9d4ff9703d39b1553f0f9906adf1e2bf304ac4d064f41638a30c0b985dd9a456

Observation ad221ed3-1a3c-49d7-a2ae-c87d626493bc · outbound

This paper cites DOI 10.5281/zenodo.15411810.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare DOI 10.5281/zenodo.15411810

Reference 28

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:43.785602Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:37.024012Z digest=sha256:fd54578c5afba918c741e1903b719347a22db37594cb76f2667f0f19e06d3721

Observation fa6bc0a2-5a34-4f19-bfdf-b7ea69adae57 · outbound

This paper cites PLOS ONE12(5), e0177459 (2017).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare PLOS ONE12(5), e0177459 (2017)

Reference 29

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:37.139741Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:37.139741Z digest=sha256:0f8f816cb493cfdf437cecbb43b41bac8adc4ace24edee05e32e4158ca52eaf7

Observation 659d3471-035d-4f9d-9803-8c0c1431ac70 · outbound

This paper cites Nucleic Acids Research49(D1), D1207–D1217 (2021).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Nucleic Acids Research49(D1), D1207–D1217 (2021)

Reference 30

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:37.204096Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:37.204096Z digest=sha256:670d139a09ce3ab47f9e66cb066d8810ee46a8d4bf9997bab6e4ebd13bdf8b47

Observation f91f42d0-6805-4b57-ad80-4eaf59cb5fea · outbound

This paper cites Journal of Biomedical Informatics46(1), 87–96 (2013).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Journal of Biomedical Informatics46(1), 87–96 (2013)

Reference 31

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:43.530227Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:37.255294Z digest=sha256:26de9175905f8462f6e65eaa98c33b3b1b7ef02ba527fb86c76d9fb280c270bd

Observation 45dde977-7e39-44ce-af5e-b76eed40ac0d · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NIPS ’20.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare In: Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NIPS ’20

Reference 32

Resolution
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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:51.863816Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:37.330409Z digest=sha256:d2546f4d7cb52e02dba448e2173f40089775bedcec7959c1bbfbbb2e706acffb

Observation 78dfb205-4df2-4ae7-8c1d-4bf28d8f806e · outbound

This paper cites IEEE Signal Processing Magazine37(3), 50–60 (2020).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare IEEE Signal Processing Magazine37(3), 50–60 (2020)

Reference 33

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:37.433498Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:37.433498Z digest=sha256:9101325e5e054bbdf3cf8228189b0037fe510e44d153d0d438333313c5da26d1

Observation 6113f19a-5844-48f7-8a64-e809bfbca94d · outbound

This paper cites Enhancing Health Data Interoperability with Large Language Models: A FHIR Study.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Enhancing Health Data Interoperability with Large Language Models: A FHIR Study

Reference 34

Resolution
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local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:46.686441Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:37.516747Z digest=sha256:f94d102177c41a36c7f8f2fbadc24f09dcaef9b8fbfeee87dd7f2723928bf245

Observation 1a83daa9-2f16-4ee0-ab65-c40276413f31 · outbound

This paper cites Master’s thesis, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2021).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Master’s thesis, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2021)

Reference 35

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:51.506580Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:37.560139Z digest=sha256:9100537f06cca6bce43337df403527e97638b676a2ce04a727781bd5ac337234

Observation e81772a6-53e5-4766-b843-65ffc83b0a29 · outbound

This paper cites Journal of Systems and Software 220, 112278 (2024).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Journal of Systems and Software 220, 112278 (2024)

Reference 36

Resolution
metadata mismatch
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:46.476801Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:37.666226Z digest=sha256:c641aee3e9532837cbc90ff98c2a99d1a08040061b8fbfec7103347825e9b3b6

Observation e71c0328-edef-4440-858f-ed354c513e81 · outbound

This paper cites Journal of Systems and Software192, 111357 (2022).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Journal of Systems and Software192, 111357 (2022)

Reference 37

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:37.762787Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:37.762787Z digest=sha256:ba45f91f2399c12b0b649e51f393c89214af0ce674b4a4f38467f902af288951

Observation 836e49a9-7bb5-4e2a-9828-852434f30c34 · outbound

This paper cites Differentially Private Decoding in Large Language Models.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Differentially Private Decoding in Large Language Models

Reference 38

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:37.846526Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:37.846526Z digest=sha256:97d514f157d091ec16049a1ad195699fddb6d27fc97678b48e87a1da7add0e01

Observation 343142be-257c-4c18-8541-39a0d8c5095c · outbound

This paper cites Cambridge University Press (2008).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Cambridge University Press (2008)

Reference 39

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:51.185658Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:37.976105Z digest=sha256:5103b283f983ca307850594799d23fb9512ad19b2a34df4c2cd95b2a792f0465

Observation a04b1ccc-2de1-44b0-af6a-15b27fee9e10 · outbound

This paper cites EHRmonize: A Framework for Medical Concept Abstraction from Electronic Health Records using Large Language Models.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare EHRmonize: A Framework for Medical Concept Abstraction from Electronic Health Records using Large Language Models

Reference 40

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:46.047268Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:38.154304Z digest=sha256:fcd809aca0b103f239df4ec028bc1b84e77d9fb749cd0116e398ff16333449d6

Observation 605fd1b2-1676-4e63-9709-36d74f4284e4 · outbound

This paper cites Yearbook of Medical Informatics 17(01), 128–144 (2008).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Yearbook of Medical Informatics 17(01), 128–144 (2008)

Reference 41

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:50.849633Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:38.247966Z digest=sha256:1c26baed3e0ab3126b00c9e78bd9b4f8636cb172b414638067b9a2a876df57b0

Observation 9a1fdad8-b060-4d4e-a38c-8a658915949c · outbound

This paper cites Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space

Reference 42

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:38.335209Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:38.335209Z digest=sha256:1865c6fe810ba04a1f71c253f1f54fabe584d0aac6ad1ce49841f4abbbe9698b

Observation 7d6e70e7-12ef-45e7-8686-b25b162c0150 · outbound

This paper cites Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association26(6), 491–495 (2019).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association26(6), 491–495 (2019)

Reference 43

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:43.322323Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:38.475364Z digest=sha256:12f52bdd6e4b3eda39eba3926fdde09d8fa65dd47d23744536fc9ecb6f1c8401

Observation d4ead454-d3af-4a71-9e15-30c00e82e094 · outbound

This paper cites AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings2020, 870–877 (2021).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings2020, 870–877 (2021)

Reference 44

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:50.544881Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:38.583824Z digest=sha256:263ae86bd7050e49b6f73a6910f926a585f76a7b4517c02c71fae5d8e768abd1

Observation 0eaaa930-9807-4bee-a6fa-38a7571dd0fe · outbound

This paper cites Database2022, baac041 (2022).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Database2022, baac041 (2022)

Reference 45

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:43.081233Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:38.735859Z digest=sha256:ffa4413d7fccf570f92605773f770717b66b0564ca82e58c2da8ced3241c624b

Observation 46319449-a490-4d8c-b70a-8948f6d392d3 · outbound

This paper cites Information Fusion82, 99–122 (2022).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Information Fusion82, 99–122 (2022)

Reference 46

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:42.826945Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:38.909204Z digest=sha256:c3d5c2ae500060357334a54f7354cf52d4bd72f0189980f32b716778e1317a93

Observation 8087cc63-6d57-4cd7-b31b-a17145fd9237 · outbound

This paper cites Information Fusion108, 102412 (2024).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Information Fusion108, 102412 (2024)

Reference 47

Resolution
metadata mismatch
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:45.792851Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:39.036096Z digest=sha256:80d4c13fba9ca163ef0611fcf06d742a7b03ee8d6e969197dbc4b99a87315523

Observation 2552c2a0-e5a9-482e-9d5f-47dee9fe49d5 · outbound

This paper cites Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association18(4), 441–448 (2011).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association18(4), 441–448 (2011)

Reference 48

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:42.652266Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:39.155611Z digest=sha256:4d173c5e887b91fcde00d09c51a03c3ba8fbe667457a775f202a48d5a95385c5

Observation a5d8787b-1981-4cb0-aa2d-84d488bd67eb · outbound

This paper cites https://opencontainers.org/ (2015).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare https://opencontainers.org/ (2015)

Reference 49

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:50.250614Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:39.312406Z digest=sha256:648a5654fafe0aefb3a81462ec939dbf65bfbe28e0639dccb79aef8839240430

Observation 3ce90f25-7c0a-46b9-9184-feb925c7f032 · outbound

This paper cites Kairouz H.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Kairouz H

Reference 50

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:49.887615Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:39.398876Z digest=sha256:c1834ab6e46456ea45d2c9753d37c29b69759da16a92ae2a67eac783a9f21e75

Observation ded3eb84-b298-4c6a-a90b-44466cffef3d · outbound

This paper cites https://github.com/Y AMWD/PyTorch interface for Brane (2024).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare https://github.com/Y AMWD/PyTorch interface for Brane (2024)

Reference 51

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:49.504344Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:39.484150Z digest=sha256:6ebcf3b0f2dccdc944ee320d32827ee3f3d5fd05969c7b8072ed76d053bd6eb8

Observation af18cb5b-014b-4b41-9975-e55173188618 · outbound

This paper cites Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacol- ogy and Drug Therapy43(1), e14–e25 (2023).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacol- ogy and Drug Therapy43(1), e14–e25 (2023)

Reference 52

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:42.498984Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:39.569725Z digest=sha256:24f2401fd8a4bbafdaf6174e427712a15f96cc86dca32cc0b2b5a8aae847d4ef

Observation 9b5a7857-aaa0-4aac-a5a4-270eed6c046b · outbound

This paper cites npj Digital Medicine3(1), 119 (2020).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare npj Digital Medicine3(1), 119 (2020)

Reference 53

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:39.684196Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:39.684196Z digest=sha256:628d9fa36b4d44cc6a8fc5b88982167cc2fb10f44b3d8cb0c931e9ea2b3ead39

Observation 10fc1857-0674-4382-8311-feee77142026 · outbound

This paper cites American journal of epidemiology182(12), 1033–1038 (2015).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare American journal of epidemiology182(12), 1033–1038 (2015)

Reference 54

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:49.236375Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:39.796048Z digest=sha256:8936ad05572c881b0f1641b2abf25062411b4bb6d6589630e82ae44dfc3c303f

Observation 429ffb09-b3c8-4c89-8136-cd553954cfbd · outbound

This paper cites Interactive Data Harmonization with LLM Agents: Opportunities and Challenges.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Interactive Data Harmonization with LLM Agents: Opportunities and Challenges

Reference 55

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:39.856235Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:39.856235Z digest=sha256:81d701d28c66bf8d6d8fe95ab7984bb0b33cc683029f99979ce446a70d588849

Observation de2ca502-7fd1-4c5f-8e21-3d6d79437ec1 · outbound

This paper cites BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making20(1), 222 (2020).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making20(1), 222 (2020)

Reference 56

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:42.264190Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:39.965379Z digest=sha256:1030bd61d2d863c0a98a9dc2d755ce9a114a66f6b8eee9444de75bb02edb06a1

Observation 2de2b95b-cb37-46be-a6c2-e8646f7f85b8 · outbound

This paper cites Speaking the Same Language: Leveraging LLMs in Standardizing Clinical Data for AI.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Speaking the Same Language: Leveraging LLMs in Standardizing Clinical Data for AI

Reference 57

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:45.426064Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:40.075708Z digest=sha256:14abcf022ed1605bb06b266cfec28e708a3e364d0134e99144b9a2c8447e25c2

Observation 98be208b-21bf-47eb-a664-a9f00c13c6c9 · outbound

This paper cites IEEE Data Engineering Bulletin (2018).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare IEEE Data Engineering Bulletin (2018)

Reference 58

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:49.038487Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:40.156833Z digest=sha256:083f9afc04e0c1c2f02f10d9d274e8023461a8942e8cc089ad672849b713a112

Observation eb6bcd7f-2220-4da3-b8ed-a60f5af8ef8d · outbound

This paper cites JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics2, 1–10 (2018).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics2, 1–10 (2018)

Reference 59

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:42.088270Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:40.263309Z digest=sha256:ae1c3e2c664dc90099b7a8769ed4712bf4ee69b34223937939de1ce8c965a0da

Observation 030388a4-caa7-44e6-ae42-ca3e818b5167 · outbound

This paper cites Official Journal of the European Union (2016).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Official Journal of the European Union (2016)

Reference 60

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:48.875693Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:40.370437Z digest=sha256:a4e4a02067947865b52f5bf70b6db3c27252eb1c83c3dfaab717236f8298d864

Observation 180a20ae-b8df-4763-adfa-66bb34fb5557 · outbound

This paper cites In: 2021 IEEE 17th International Conference on eScience (eScience), pp.

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare In: 2021 IEEE 17th International Conference on eScience (eScience), pp

Reference 61

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:40.431490Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:40.431490Z digest=sha256:32f378dfb37ab38aba6127c507669f86a1cf0c2693fa6e6684230643da2698f3

Observation 77b8a874-5e65-441e-aa89-98f37850f7df · outbound

This paper cites J Med Internet Res26, e22769 (2024).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare J Med Internet Res26, e22769 (2024)

Reference 62

Resolution
malformed identifier
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:40.565967Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:40.565967Z digest=sha256:52ebef60b5ff2d7b71306bdd0e8cef3b82c01ee79661676c33ac8d8b25247066

Observation db02fee5-2f01-4bcf-af39-b09675562d8f · outbound

This paper cites Studies in Health Technology and Informatics192, 682–686 (2013).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Studies in Health Technology and Informatics192, 682–686 (2013)

Reference 63

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:48.708847Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:40.639787Z digest=sha256:1717b4aecff570a55cdcc8e15e176249aabe9ba56e2235259df49ba24dcd0fde

Observation a28bf854-0cd0-40ee-ae5a-8e2a776c7b5e · outbound

This paper cites Journal of Biomedical Informatics77, 34–49 (2018).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Journal of Biomedical Informatics77, 34–49 (2018)

Reference 64

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:48.464986Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:40.741459Z digest=sha256:cb00062dad153959a4fa988694ac1564ad5ec5eab11ebdf782921e96925fd016

Observation 7ae3865e-5063-4b70-9d86-a3a7cfbd1709 · outbound

This paper cites Nature594(7862), 265—270 (2021).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Nature594(7862), 265—270 (2021)

Reference 65

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:41.863999Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:40.805249Z digest=sha256:51b3d9d717e23de3a36a04e3151926b821fe558a923fadd0e2681ccf437b8ae6

Observation f6eb1e2a-bce4-48ad-874f-0e1d5144c2ab · outbound

This paper cites World Health Organization (2004).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare World Health Organization (2004)

Reference 66

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:48.264781Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:40.914409Z digest=sha256:be633d71de3b810b71091c3fe55dbae26ae5ea5568630d2733bf91f113369b26

Observation a2b49d65-602d-45b9-acf1-965c78208bf4 · outbound

This paper cites WHO Technical Report Series1030 (2021).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare WHO Technical Report Series1030 (2021)

Reference 67

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:48.083434Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:40.998462Z digest=sha256:a5ec45b2e1bb0dc4ee86096fa58dfae277c03219d2cd569ae09f73d19c321582

Observation ed5f8077-b2f7-40a1-b8b3-85cf21ebdc2e · outbound

This paper cites Journal of Medical Internet Research26, e56614 (2024).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Journal of Medical Internet Research26, e56614 (2024)

Reference 68

Resolution
malformed identifier
doi_truncated, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:41.712441Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:41.098960Z digest=sha256:1d38933d5aa8bd5323b7626261746dba428ab9dcb6e20b6fdbc64fa946f8cb72

Observation 7c5bccf5-0a7d-4cc8-a8d8-c4144fb52bcd · outbound

This paper cites Nature Communications16(1), 2852 (2025).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Nature Communications16(1), 2852 (2025)

Reference 69

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:41.536745Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:41.230890Z digest=sha256:4a65659c36e942baa95361628df4b1bef33a23e69e18db4f6e90ff9b6e611301

Observation 5a345edb-775f-4fbd-a829-3427c26135cc · outbound

This paper cites Journal of Biomedical Informatics46(6), 1088–1098 (2013).

Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare Journal of Biomedical Informatics46(6), 1088–1098 (2013)

Reference 70

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:05:47.872382Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:05:41.313293Z digest=sha256:9dfd19f6f2f5ec91213c4d0ae5cfaa256cdaaf4b90e6408328c77191a4ed3f19

Pith citing papers

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Compliance Management for Federated Data Processing cites this paper.

Compliance Management for Federated Data Processing Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare

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