Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models

As of 7 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 39 of 39 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2509.00391.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2509.00391 v1

Coverage vector

measured 39 of 39 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:44.726181Z

measured 41 of 41 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T00:14:44.157020Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-11T15:46:13.475605Z

Reference resolution

39 of 39 outbound references displayed

verified exact5
verified fuzzy1
unresolved33
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 0bcc39b1-b0b7-4a07-a44c-916e3f2bbd9c · outbound

This paper cites Advancing Jailbreak Strategies: A Hybrid Approach to Exploiting LLM Vulnerabilities and Bypassing Modern Defenses.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Advancing Jailbreak Strategies: A Hybrid Approach to Exploiting LLM Vulnerabilities and Bypassing Modern Defenses

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:47.254201Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation c111128c-b059-4962-a054-0f69a9b18739 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:47.992068Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 20465bc6-316f-4eef-b97d-bb628e8ec89f · outbound

This paper cites Qwen Technical Report.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Qwen Technical Report

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:40.983858Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 916208f7-8110-4192-ba46-8603212cc862 · outbound

This paper cites Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:41.064925Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6060e9d7-ea57-4912-8222-3fe76ec39c5f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:41.144586Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 082fc47e-19d5-4bcd-9990-f2d52966ab87 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:41.199306Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a2a9994f-da70-4027-a470-dc77d9ac63d6 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:41.283321Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1876780d-686d-4da0-b53a-6f6d9bf528b3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:47.920190Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 2e2c3d42-b055-435f-ad16-b46d5f33c5d6 · outbound

This paper cites Improving alignment of dialogue agents via targeted human judgements.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Improving alignment of dialogue agents via targeted human judgements

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:41.494772Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 13db7f75-9408-42ea-916d-f70d1f6dc824 · outbound

This paper cites Towards an AI co-scientist.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Towards an AI co-scientist

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:41.579748Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f3adae22-4988-4c04-86e4-965be5905ad1 · outbound

This paper cites Not what you've signed up for: Compromising Real-World LLM-Integrated Applications with Indirect Prompt Injection.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Not what you've signed up for: Compromising Real-World LLM-Integrated Applications with Indirect Prompt Injection

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:41.743849Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f05a2baf-96d8-4c36-a9b3-f197648999c9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:41.859762Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 17f21422-537b-4799-bffc-ac2e45063bdb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:41.998162Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0531ff80-7e34-4b9b-9aa5-b094f3650f56 · outbound

This paper cites Multi-step Jailbreaking Privacy Attacks on ChatGPT.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Multi-step Jailbreaking Privacy Attacks on ChatGPT

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:42.111230Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 47f84449-ad03-4c1c-b67c-8506fb2f65a6 · outbound

This paper cites Exploiting the Index Gradients for Optimization-Based Jailbreaking on Large Language Models.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Exploiting the Index Gradients for Optimization-Based Jailbreaking on Large Language Models

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:42.181765Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dc258217-2310-4236-a330-9837b676b645 · outbound

This paper cites Improved Generation of Adversarial Examples Against Safety-aligned LLMs.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Improved Generation of Adversarial Examples Against Safety-aligned LLMs

Reference 17

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:46.565966Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation b7803054-ae29-4c7d-9bf6-d4ae29b722f6 · outbound

This paper cites AmpleGCG: Learning a Universal and Transferable Generative Model of Adversarial Suffixes for Jailbreaking Both Open and Closed LLMs.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models AmpleGCG: Learning a Universal and Transferable Generative Model of Adversarial Suffixes for Jailbreaking Both Open and Closed LLMs

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:42.354168Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e7ab25f3-09de-41ed-bfe9-6f0e379cc14f · outbound

This paper cites Investigating the Vulnerability of LLM-as-a-Judge Architectures to Prompt-Injection Attacks.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Investigating the Vulnerability of LLM-as-a-Judge Architectures to Prompt-Injection Attacks

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:42.492282Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f60a8c05-d0a3-476c-98af-5c95fdf807a1 · outbound

This paper cites Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:42.599759Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9ab1f673-931c-4c04-8411-d0bf834af4be · outbound

This paper cites Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behavior.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behavior

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:42.666547Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4f3277d5-3526-49d9-a2ce-639a15a8ce62 · outbound

This paper cites Logan IV, Eric Wallace, and Sameer Singh.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Logan IV, Eric Wallace, and Sameer Singh

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:47.856231Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 1ccaa2a2-0a3d-49ff-8618-f0bbb7563423 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:43.000247Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c527a82b-0926-4edf-b467-e9169c2ecfd7 · outbound

This paper cites PAL: Proxy-Guided Black-Box Attack on Large Language Models.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models PAL: Proxy-Guided Black-Box Attack on Large Language Models

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:43.183386Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 70357e95-719c-435d-8f66-0d1cc8f490e7 · outbound

This paper cites Bulaong, John E.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Bulaong, John E

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:43.269955Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 169178dc-4d6e-4f27-a0bf-a05787948532 · outbound

This paper cites FLRT: Fluent Student-Teacher Redteaming.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models FLRT: Fluent Student-Teacher Redteaming

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:43.367407Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 365ecbfa-eed7-4d00-aa16-c6809c3d3bd1 · outbound

This paper cites LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:43.478286Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 865529e1-591c-4f61-99b4-513f7013c464 · outbound

This paper cites WHITE PAPER: A Brief Exploration of Data Exfiltration using GCG Suffixes.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models WHITE PAPER: A Brief Exploration of Data Exfiltration using GCG Suffixes

Reference 28

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:46.121557Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation a7b6bf59-5291-4bb5-93b0-b8bd873663d1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:45.723511Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 1d431f75-4979-4989-b876-eda7492bd16d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:47.763635Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation b67a23b6-20f3-40b4-9a47-9558a7daf410 · outbound

This paper cites Prompt Recovery for Image Generation Models: A Comparative Study of Discrete Optimizers.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Prompt Recovery for Image Generation Models: A Comparative Study of Discrete Optimizers

Reference 31

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:45.413102Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation e1ee8659-721f-4c0e-b7d3-4ba5c4c6f713 · outbound

This paper cites Faster-GCG: Efficient Discrete Optimization Jailbreak Attacks against Aligned Large Language Models.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Faster-GCG: Efficient Discrete Optimization Jailbreak Attacks against Aligned Large Language Models

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:43.987849Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 15bc2769-1b9b-4a25-8177-712ccbd7c7c4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:44.099167Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eb3cee9b-07c7-4dda-bed4-6efbe440a3fd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:44.187781Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8cbe16a3-3920-4e8a-87bd-4824e8275cd8 · outbound

This paper cites GPTFUZZER: Red Teaming Large Language Models with Auto-Generated Jailbreak Prompts.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models GPTFUZZER: Red Teaming Large Language Models with Auto-Generated Jailbreak Prompts

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:44.305192Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f96a562b-0d45-4976-86b5-95dfd84493ac · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Is Too Smart To Be Safe: Stealthy Chat with LLMs via Cipher.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models GPT-4 Is Too Smart To Be Safe: Stealthy Chat with LLMs via Cipher

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:44.381806Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2ae58e0b-f66c-4356-8b49-0dc458070617 · outbound

This paper cites EnJa: Ensemble Jailbreak on Large Language Models.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models EnJa: Ensemble Jailbreak on Large Language Models

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:44.454145Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 83179006-0855-4bd9-b2c7-493b11414ddd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:47.548305Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation a1de6f64-bc0b-49dd-818f-6cfed7a86e1f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:44.616030Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 10e0ff9a-680a-458d-8d27-0d00cfb7d3c5 · outbound

This paper cites Universal and Transferable Adversarial Attacks on Aligned Language Models.

The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models Universal and Transferable Adversarial Attacks on Aligned Language Models

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:42:44.726181Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 1c7702fd-bb8f-40ae-8ca6-789fcfa5707d · inbound

RouteHijack: Routing-Aware Attack on Mixture-of-Experts LLMs cites this paper.

RouteHijack: Routing-Aware Attack on Mixture-of-Experts LLMs The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models

Reference 57

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T15:46:13.503101Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation eb205385-d4fc-44c4-a438-902b7d604b17 · inbound

A Multimodal Automatic Redteaming Evaluation based on Atomic Jailbreak Strategy Decoupling and Combination cites this paper.

A Multimodal Automatic Redteaming Evaluation based on Atomic Jailbreak Strategy Decoupling and Combination The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models

Reference 83

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:14:44.157020Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.