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Imprints of Primordial Non-Gaussianity on Gravitational Wave Spectrum
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abstract
Although Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure probe the largest scales of our universe with ever increasing precision, our knowledge about the smaller scales is still very limited other than the bounds on Primordial Black Holes. We show that the statistical properties of the small scale quantum fluctuations can be probed via the stochastic gravitational wave background, which is induced as the scalar modes re-enter the horizon. We found that even if scalar curvature fluctuations have a subdominant non-Gaussian component, these non-Gaussian perturbations can source a dominant portion of the induced GWs. Moreover, the GWs sourced by non-Gaussian scalar fluctuations peaks at a higher frequency and this can result in distinctive observational signatures. We found that the sensitive next-generation-interferometers, which will/could reach $\Omega_{GW}h^2 \sim 10^{-15}$ (such as PTA-SKA, LISA, DECIGO, BBO, CE, ET), can probe $f_{NL} \sim 0.5$ which is even better than the predictions of the next generation CMB experiments. If the induced GW background is detected, but not the signatures arising from the non-Gaussian component, $\zeta = \zeta_G + f_{\rm NL} \, \zeta_G^{2}$, this translates into bounds on $f_{\rm NL}$ depending on the amplitude and the width of the GW signal. If the induced GW background is not detected at all, this translates into bounds on scalar fluctuations. The results are independent from the fact that whether PBH are DM or completely negligible part of the current energy density.
Forward citations
Cited by 8 Pith papers
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Twisted echoes of an odd quartet: Scalar-induced gravitational waves as a probe of primordial parity-violation
A parity-odd primordial trispectrum imprints measurable left-right asymmetry in scalar-induced gravitational waves, and the chirality ratio directly tracks the parity-odd to parity-even trispectrum amplitude ratio.
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Imprints of Large-Scale Structures in the Anisotropies of the Cosmological Gravitational Wave Background
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Scalar-induced gravitational waves from a box-shaped curvature power spectrum
Analytic SIGW spectra for a log-box curvature power spectrum: narrow-box geometric overlap factor turning IR slope k^{3}ln^{2}k into k^{2}ln^{2}k, plus broad-box product of universal edge functions.
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Constraining primordial non-Gaussianity and parity-violation through Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves with next-generation ground-based interferometers
ET+CE forecast: injected SIGW parameters (A_p, f_peak, f_NL, tau_NL, parity-odd tau_tilde_NL) are recovered within 1-2 sigma despite an astrophysical foreground, but the chiral V-mode is sub-threshold (SNR 0.5-1.9).
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A Bayesian analysis shows that a future sub-solar PBH detection would make the primordial SIGW interpretation of PTA data favored over the SMBH interpretation, but this preference is driven by the detection prior.
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Gravitational Waves from Spectator Scalar Fields
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Cosmological constraints on small-scale primordial non-Gaussianity
Current pulsar-timing, CMB, BAO and PBH data constrain the small-scale local f_NL to -10.0 < f_NL < 1.2 for a monochromatic primordial power spectrum, with that constraint conditional on the spectral amplitude A_zeta = 10^-2.
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