Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models

As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 117 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.22793.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.22793 v2

Coverage vector

measured 100 of 117 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:17.388786Z

measured 102 of 102 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T00:28:29.552529Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-11T00:28:30.023467Z

Reference resolution

100 of 117 outbound references displayed

verified exact17
verified fuzzy1
unresolved82
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 362f145f-70ea-4d5a-b1a6-e792c52bed8c · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:07.464097Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 011e7f88-8396-4df2-b55a-84139396b704 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:07.569736Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 25a066f0-fe45-4069-a314-ab882478c5cb · outbound

This paper cites Ethical Reasoning and Moral Value Alignment of LLMs Depend on the Language we Prompt them in.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Ethical Reasoning and Moral Value Alignment of LLMs Depend on the Language we Prompt them in

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:07.688324Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8dcda53c-bce5-47fc-9de1-5efd5c339645 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:23.824681Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 8be3e136-dc46-40ba-9d1e-2f087e1d256c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:07.868347Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7d9fa403-5b42-4ad2-984b-8d757002142d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:07.981448Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b791e097-26e8-476e-b4c4-40ad13a93ee4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:08.087342Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d71386d4-1b9e-4392-bf5c-9dee30b413b4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:08.165930Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 29214f0f-a666-40bc-8d40-ea6c148d5883 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:08.298182Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fbe7bd5f-ad87-44d1-a244-17d3d7cceeb7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:08.403511Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 79e7333e-c2ce-4106-81a5-35fd3b90eb3e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:08.515584Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f3373b4f-53ee-4205-86c0-c2b1c8d09078 · outbound

This paper cites Venkatesh Babu, and Danish Pruthi.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Venkatesh Babu, and Danish Pruthi

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:08.627452Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 63135bbb-49f7-4aef-89c5-192573dc9fa4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:08.738203Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 411f9b44-cddf-4b8f-b24b-610d561c2421 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:08.811566Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0aadaa06-45c1-4650-ab2d-293d7dd50ef3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:08.917175Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 52b41dea-3b49-4bb2-9e96-0a5a129a88f3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:09.017404Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a1554639-872d-41f5-ad00-d29a4e17ee55 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:09.130769Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b2d838a2-2af4-4b8d-82e4-e0a55d2fa5bd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:09.243339Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 70d4f3b3-5558-495e-8dfb-fd486234cd84 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:09.334856Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c62067ba-d765-4237-be40-136aed2b3cac · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:09.436341Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8cdf1480-2f1c-4406-b708-b123582a6896 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:09.557761Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dafd05a5-254b-45b1-8771-f2ab6431fe59 · outbound

This paper cites Exploring Visual Culture Awareness in GPT-4V: A Comprehensive Probing.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Exploring Visual Culture Awareness in GPT-4V: A Comprehensive Probing

Reference 22

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:23.387482Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ee1efd0f-1fe1-413e-a2cf-841ac343125c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:21.088340Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation b3ff10e4-74b5-481a-9316-81a02405f543 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:09.843067Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9fc512f8-fc04-4956-a505-2acc47191d7c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:09.966188Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4066d3f8-6d59-424c-b0de-6217b2461b27 · outbound

This paper cites Self-Alignment: Improving Alignment of Cultural Values in LLMs via In-Context Learning.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Self-Alignment: Improving Alignment of Cultural Values in LLMs via In-Context Learning

Reference 26

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:23.175492Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 56e33eab-c2ea-4216-b02b-45351bc8f7de · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:10.136491Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 79f18d13-7c62-4f6e-87e6-d9880618a542 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:10.237860Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 127abed7-d803-4b3c-a381-8394aaa0b667 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:10.332414Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a1467717-31ed-4f5d-a5f0-5fa74c38aae4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:10.425109Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 08070746-b4e5-4589-a488-34054a73553a · outbound

This paper cites DIG In: Evaluating Disparities in Image Generations with Indicators for Geographic Diversity.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models DIG In: Evaluating Disparities in Image Generations with Indicators for Geographic Diversity

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:10.524433Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ad5d99ba-4917-471f-82ca-28907a98b491 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:10.628160Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bf74c27d-8c45-48bf-a12a-c17ccd995f8e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:10.739990Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b9cdbe46-9383-455f-8159-3e74503be52a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:10.792323Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 775256f6-0aa4-4895-a961-8ac21ad5e261 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:10.862634Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 19ef6916-1825-47c0-8f71-dbe5c7fdc6b4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:22.961095Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 498d749d-69cd-450d-b434-06ce06295180 · outbound

This paper cites Challenges and Strategies in Cross-Cultural NLP.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Challenges and Strategies in Cross-Cultural NLP

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:11.030962Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6593a0de-6ca8-48e4-8bb0-0898675c70dd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:22.739918Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation e436147f-89b7-447e-ba4e-54a022dd9058 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:11.240850Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d80e87f4-6077-41ef-9e54-ce3ffa3a03ba · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:11.347200Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 49701ece-3dec-4350-870b-22432a19a6d0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:11.473053Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ea82313b-8a57-4488-a2f1-e9cfb422ef07 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:11.570138Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 94147939-dd20-4ef4-b63b-51b16dff1aae · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:11.664309Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1f862e6d-4884-45ca-9159-48a6f7cc4c24 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:11.747919Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 757407e7-99d3-4817-83e1-aacc0a57b574 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:11.820201Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f6fc05e4-95bf-4505-ae8f-6d5c33613b01 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:11.904472Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 65bb7d26-eb27-467d-abd5-696b817f4c5d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:11.962522Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9d03aec7-3bbc-43eb-83f2-19b12393e3c0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:12.022505Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a64ffce1-2396-4b41-a8ae-051bca4f67d1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:12.079231Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e7cf36d1-dc16-41fa-afa8-7b0135a0eacb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:12.138221Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 94ee463e-382e-468c-b131-bf93fd94afa6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 51

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:20.850617Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 9b8ab967-1afd-4c29-aa75-384ed2c364b9 · outbound

This paper cites Meaning through motion: Duet--a multimodal dataset for kinesics analysis in dyadic activities.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Meaning through motion: Duet--a multimodal dataset for kinesics analysis in dyadic activities

Reference 52

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:12.283943Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4733455d-78c1-470a-a072-f7145a6e1a46 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 53

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:22.469061Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation bd74d565-cd1e-434b-80e6-c14337091c3e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 54

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:12.408020Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a900e608-a074-42a1-9c26-ec5a7ea9df5e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 55

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:12.467113Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 859fcad2-f07e-479c-bfc8-f22a06f5df85 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 56

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:12.562823Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f6969a7a-2bee-4c66-aff8-1e36ebbf53da · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 57

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:12.637200Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f7677043-799b-4883-b148-6e8915e789c8 · outbound

This paper cites CultureVLM: Characterizing and Improving Cultural Understanding of Vision-Language Models for over 100 Countries.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models CultureVLM: Characterizing and Improving Cultural Understanding of Vision-Language Models for over 100 Countries

Reference 58

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:12.692200Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 81b87830-a12a-44c7-8f4a-f32633bdab6e · outbound

This paper cites Towards Equitable Representation in Text-to-Image Synthesis Models with the Cross-Cultural Understanding Benchmark (CCUB) Dataset.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Towards Equitable Representation in Text-to-Image Synthesis Models with the Cross-Cultural Understanding Benchmark (CCUB) Dataset

Reference 59

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:12.748346Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c790f084-a4a5-4a3a-808d-fd0a496af38b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 60

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:12.805490Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c148bb78-8681-4ec0-9876-8c340f89dd2f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 61

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:12.862915Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0fa21a47-bc91-4c30-b43b-f478bb6fb717 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 62

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:29.982192Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 259652a5-71dc-40c2-8876-c730d7917bd2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 63

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:29.861315Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation f6ebde89-acd3-4529-be58-6eac4352c407 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 64

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:13.026428Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c42ee9db-2586-4a8e-8e5e-4fc54933e241 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 65

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:13.082608Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 09677b22-08e9-49ea-9b5f-73edfbfca65f · outbound

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Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 66

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:29.733348Z

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Observation ae15304c-9a5a-46f9-9488-48a1019377b6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 67

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:29.598607Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation e9aa8432-7eb1-4063-818a-027670fb3ed8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 68

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:29.467945Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 28093b8a-b37a-4f5d-a0e7-3852aa04ce53 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 69

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:29.313781Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 8827a5e3-34cd-4614-be68-53137f135f54 · outbound

This paper cites No Culture Left Behind: ArtELingo-28, a Benchmark of WikiArt with Captions in 28 Languages.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models No Culture Left Behind: ArtELingo-28, a Benchmark of WikiArt with Captions in 28 Languages

Reference 70

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:22.221436Z

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation a6a5d3e4-63cf-4340-8226-b2936222a814 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 71

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:29.179867Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation a4c9e77a-44ec-4ca9-98a1-b78413b0e88d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 72

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:29.046057Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 273a100f-b0f8-4dc2-8747-a15a2591e722 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 73

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:28.918657Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation a7d33b20-1079-4830-8e54-d88358d39c21 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 74

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:28.762779Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 01716b43-016f-48b7-9d54-7495189dc042 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 75

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:14.015809Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3f7afb6a-834f-420f-8419-80aa01f527d5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 76

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:28.609438Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 7ca5fada-85cc-4db8-bbc1-b7b4eb39199c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 77

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:28.460566Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 72b7b087-3057-47ab-b7e2-120d5c103ef4 · outbound

This paper cites Nisbett and Takahiko Masuda.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Nisbett and Takahiko Masuda

Reference 78

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:20.627463Z

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 93780084-2725-4ced-8424-e4be31db02d1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 79

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:28.309616Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 71109f6d-20df-4472-9bd5-ca89d11a00f0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 80

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:28.180535Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation d98cb2b5-8ae6-4d6e-9a30-2b355a3bfcb7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 81

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:28.047960Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation d225293b-92cf-406d-aba5-ffc7501cd688 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 82

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:27.870947Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 3b8d548f-7cd8-45c2-8871-acfe632f41a9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 83

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:27.709504Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 6cee00ec-c132-4110-b834-dee8c815920c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 84

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:20.437283Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 395ff24b-e9f8-4ef2-ae65-ba38c43ddd09 · outbound

This paper cites Ramaswamy, Sing Yu Lin, Dora Zhao, Aaron Adcock, Laurens van der Maaten, Deepti Ghadiyaram, and Olga Russakovsky.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Ramaswamy, Sing Yu Lin, Dora Zhao, Aaron Adcock, Laurens van der Maaten, Deepti Ghadiyaram, and Olga Russakovsky

Reference 85

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:27.567402Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ed67afba-dab9-4732-866e-1f6a5e157175 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 86

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:27.435881Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation cfbbd85a-e18a-41e5-bce4-e9fd0635ece9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 87

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:20.193181Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation eacf818d-56e0-48a5-8156-ce7e3317146e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 88

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:27.298104Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation bfef03d6-6b57-411d-8a62-3b604be6ec46 · outbound

This paper cites Deconstructing Bias: A Multifaceted Framework for Diagnosing Cultural and Compositional Inequities in Text-to-Image Generative Models.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Deconstructing Bias: A Multifaceted Framework for Diagnosing Cultural and Compositional Inequities in Text-to-Image Generative Models

Reference 89

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:22.030390Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 8caed575-dd05-4ab6-8cc7-4b88f9f03422 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 90

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:27.172072Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2636663f-6bba-4a54-9c41-b8f0ef6ee29b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 91

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:19.963462Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2355a27f-3d59-4a6e-9e1b-bf92ad75e9aa · outbound

This paper cites GIMMICK -- Globally Inclusive Multimodal Multitask Cultural Knowledge Benchmarking.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models GIMMICK -- Globally Inclusive Multimodal Multitask Cultural Knowledge Benchmarking

Reference 92

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:21.751659Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 8f05b81c-dad8-4417-8f93-2b69f9ca09c6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 93

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:27.050728Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation e271de39-5d01-4334-9b04-51d6570335d9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 94

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:26.913230Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 743baa29-c05a-473b-895c-f82b9e5137f2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 95

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:19.811926Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 3b6d2cea-228b-4b44-bd4b-694d8be12761 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 96

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:26.750191Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation d5f25110-b1ff-4976-96f5-3907e7515039 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 97

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:26.506423Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation a8bd2cc4-50a7-4abc-a9bf-a1771cea5768 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 98

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:26.234788Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 7d652894-b429-4a95-a6cc-02f253587a4f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 99

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:17.293614Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation afaf0b54-bae6-43cd-8246-018bcbf63bed · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 100

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:03:21.465346Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 55c214cb-72e1-40bb-b650-2e57ae67c894 · inbound

MemeBench: What LVLMs Miss When Interpreting Culture-Dependent Memes cites this paper.

MemeBench: What LVLMs Miss When Interpreting Culture-Dependent Memes Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:14:38.068210Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 19ad8ad6-09f9-4a34-a6ac-dc8d0bb41bef · inbound

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Jako Tako or Fluent? Presenting PoVisLE: A Polish Vision-Language Evaluation Evaluation of Cultural Competence of Vision-Language Models

Reference 27

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T00:28:30.029450Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.