Pith. sign in

Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures

As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 183 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2411.13459.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2411.13459 v1

Coverage vector

measured 100 of 183 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.676389Z

measured 101 of 101 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T05:46:02.165244Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-16T05:46:02.337420Z

Reference resolution

100 of 183 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact6
  • verified fuzzy0
  • unresolved94
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 1d17ed6a-3366-4383-8ad2-b54beb828302 · outbound

This paper cites Chatgpt.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Chatgpt

Reference 1

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.581985Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.581985Z digest=sha256:85cc7b0f27c0763f4d2be6e4d608f837cd1236529d4a7d238e94b8b4c2cae35d

Observation 7f01b204-8f3b-4f9a-be43-d7e34c5f8bf2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.596405Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.596405Z digest=sha256:fdd75be416b5e7a84dbe1d4feee9dcb256443ab7384dd4a80fe477fc50596180

Observation 2fd8c185-aab8-471a-a86f-60564ed38176 · outbound

This paper cites Copilot.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Copilot

Reference 3

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.603644Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.603644Z digest=sha256:823518b1f220dc4d8cb055f0c9c7484308743e8e6c2a01753197dd6c4ffd0fe4

Observation dad5238a-3b3f-4907-9961-e2e0635d5ab3 · outbound

This paper cites Autopilot and full self-driving (supervised) — tesla support.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Autopilot and full self-driving (supervised) — tesla support

Reference 4

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.612376Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.612376Z digest=sha256:9f54ad5722000703aa0e184f306eed8a33ff37f79465368afbc6f921cb9b6978

Observation ec675b08-ab3d-43c3-9bae-8a305dca1ab7 · outbound

This paper cites Ocr software, data extraction tool - amazon textract - aws.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Ocr software, data extraction tool - amazon textract - aws

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.619694Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.619694Z digest=sha256:168e579e2b40ffda4c7f6ccd76ebec62a2a6c6de64cc308829f261d9d18e13a9

Observation 33ffdc73-91a2-4068-a711-b6652d764da9 · outbound

This paper cites Membership inference attacks against machine learning models,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Membership inference attacks against machine learning models,

Reference 6

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.625607Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.625607Z digest=sha256:27b756b7cd8e36db311787f6e418732ea3a3888ed0bfa40a6da4cedd7e871f28

Observation 3623de56-1558-4e47-8628-c21f79548049 · outbound

This paper cites Stealing machine learning models via prediction {APIs},.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Stealing machine learning models via prediction {APIs},

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.632974Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.632974Z digest=sha256:e47f989f7a8de5bbf321aedab499a7a7b4c5b8ba31e8009547945436e3335ea5

Observation 37fbd553-7ace-48c2-8922-aee8964aef4d · outbound

This paper cites Model recon- struction from model explanations,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Model recon- struction from model explanations,

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.643899Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.643899Z digest=sha256:aae566824f52e79fca73f45de451e3e44b1a1512cab527c1a108b121ee64831d

Observation 557c188d-75e8-4192-b5e0-51b8f1138795 · outbound

This paper cites A comprehensive survey on poisoning attacks and countermeasures in machine learning,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures A comprehensive survey on poisoning attacks and countermeasures in machine learning,

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.653966Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.653966Z digest=sha256:ef436ef705c1cde6aa1104f12ebc709aa30dd1c083698f71b2ec80d873231c80

Observation 489d4c49-8f46-4ef2-b7b4-a870bbbaa300 · outbound

This paper cites Dnn model theft through trojan side-channel on edge fpga accelerator,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Dnn model theft through trojan side-channel on edge fpga accelerator,

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.665966Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.665966Z digest=sha256:f3474f83c1ea987b359253e9831470bd46d17a134f10dc3b0515509e361d1df4

Observation 204e6b4e-8c75-4c38-b125-6446f16503ae · outbound

This paper cites SESAME: Software defined Enclaves to Secure Inference Accelerators with Multi-tenant Execution.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures SESAME: Software defined Enclaves to Secure Inference Accelerators with Multi-tenant Execution

Reference 11

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:50.185176Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.674655Z digest=sha256:b8e601ec2149711c5eaca5e0804d35fc942040dc965bc698c6c068db633a61f1

Observation 2c803071-fa07-4468-bb83-b674efee5103 · outbound

This paper cites Triton: Software-defined threat model for secure multi-tenant ml inference accelerators,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Triton: Software-defined threat model for secure multi-tenant ml inference accelerators,

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.686525Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.686525Z digest=sha256:31777bd58cfc08070408f5ae22503c8982607353b814984473eee22e6bad7945

Observation 0ca00561-6bfc-4401-80fb-f35653897198 · outbound

This paper cites Prada: protecting against dnn model stealing attacks,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Prada: protecting against dnn model stealing attacks,

Reference 13

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.705494Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.705494Z digest=sha256:2b44e0797df6346551188d23e5c15f3d7f4d4d413544e9ae3464155478329007

Observation 06f9fe30-71ee-46ce-912f-366bea2cf12d · outbound

This paper cites Machine un- learning,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Machine un- learning,

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.726397Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.726397Z digest=sha256:d5dca57b8b1afa34e943620a1d34ee5a77c643477a386b39a782142396b91a85

Observation a748a3f0-90a9-45c4-a2b9-8bef5c150b0c · outbound

This paper cites Strong data augmenta- tion sanitizes poisoning and backdoor attacks without an accuracy tradeoff,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Strong data augmenta- tion sanitizes poisoning and backdoor attacks without an accuracy tradeoff,

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.736618Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.736618Z digest=sha256:7566bb1d3fb81f33c5f5685f94b189edac4bec6f08cd339376e44814e9b9455e

Observation 53e21c43-9069-44a0-b7df-cd9616216253 · outbound

This paper cites Privacy side channels in machine learning systems,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Privacy side channels in machine learning systems,

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.744887Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.744887Z digest=sha256:2c32b65607f441334ddbebc81caa141f6c02631b26660d2bf5f0c67bccc2234a

Observation 2c529706-eb42-4fc0-8b29-2c301376cffb · outbound

This paper cites The shift from models to compound ai systems.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures The shift from models to compound ai systems

Reference 17

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.760858Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.760858Z digest=sha256:5616b9072108d84681d2941256fba0984a971441eee56f7cde0b27d2de0a7b9c

Observation 064ee7b0-6077-426c-a3ee-19a2d482a331 · outbound

This paper cites Langchain framework.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Langchain framework

Reference 18

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.767417Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.767417Z digest=sha256:7e614bb03170f94ac149df338812894a652a05982590938b5f7451c2506742bd

Observation 972d7a8a-8d79-429b-a41d-f7de21be0416 · outbound

This paper cites Pytorch.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Pytorch

Reference 19

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.781561Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.781561Z digest=sha256:0d664db94ed897120b413ee42c78982e7e314c9edc94291c0f3d319e7cbc582e

Observation 3f9d310a-be17-4adc-9b5b-a82a72a97516 · outbound

This paper cites Cuda® deep neural network library.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Cuda® deep neural network library

Reference 20

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.787779Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.787779Z digest=sha256:4c952eb89c91f7ba9944aac9ed535fc7149227ac72e42e96517253268f758c80

Observation 144b293c-d386-48a3-b195-c7f23c982fbe · outbound

This paper cites Rowhammer: A retrospective,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rowhammer: A retrospective,

Reference 21

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.796102Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.796102Z digest=sha256:3d3a67cbc1e820c2a7a8c2a5cb39b55638b5be2ecd2f382fd5f70a6d82b4607f

Observation fe8ce346-3722-45a3-834f-7ae60d1345cf · outbound

This paper cites SoK: Memorization in General-Purpose Large Language Models.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures SoK: Memorization in General-Purpose Large Language Models

Reference 22

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.809417Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.809417Z digest=sha256:18959461ebccf920e84127c3fad824921e302362617f9187e3c4d176bda66749

Observation 0874ad74-5bd5-4f9c-b943-b7db0774799c · outbound

This paper cites Sok: Security and privacy in machine learning,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Sok: Security and privacy in machine learning,

Reference 23

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.818771Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.818771Z digest=sha256:5d15b9194d1c120cb64a786c16fe7b42e0fa76e7013a3e52ebf19d37cdca5b21

Observation e34c7f6d-42b0-408c-85b7-09a9c1033435 · outbound

This paper cites Sok: Membership inference is harder than previously thought,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Sok: Membership inference is harder than previously thought,

Reference 24

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.825389Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.825389Z digest=sha256:58d24b276bca78b81974e1816908ed8dbae11185be7fa86910dd00ae241421ba

Observation 37c68c4c-db04-40d8-b1e6-8cdc8f5a250e · outbound

This paper cites Sok: Model inversion attack landscape: Taxonomy, challenges, and future roadmap,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Sok: Model inversion attack landscape: Taxonomy, challenges, and future roadmap,

Reference 25

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.834377Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.834377Z digest=sha256:a71516de13ae26ca39b5049098683d1e06d118215a5533c86d110ff83821de8f

Observation 18ceb25b-385e-4548-8858-cd1694413110 · outbound

This paper cites Mitre attack framework.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Mitre attack framework

Reference 26

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.844101Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.844101Z digest=sha256:1ba0ec49819b9de0162fb30bf2ba0a8394b3e7cfaca3e9d748f5a8c3d3eb5853

Observation a2676bbf-b45d-4303-9a01-018f52ee0a50 · outbound

This paper cites In-datacenter performance analysis of a tensor processing unit,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures In-datacenter performance analysis of a tensor processing unit,

Reference 27

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.852528Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.852528Z digest=sha256:7ced29cacd1f122046a3f09410fc8822c97064e701b9f765baebeee3ae73820a

Observation 0d5effc0-21c5-464e-8b7b-b807ed32fd6d · outbound

This paper cites Github copilot.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Github copilot

Reference 28

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.865812Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.865812Z digest=sha256:3ff63e5f96e4ea05b776c35d344c0d8b59c2efcee47b2b53e423c91c5dd9e9f8

Observation ab437fca-2a7e-42c4-b9ed-6d5ff5885adb · outbound

This paper cites Amazon q developer.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Amazon q developer

Reference 29

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.873335Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.873335Z digest=sha256:d9940c3a291d83932166b00fca56d4d3162e5bf0ce9bd3cb4e90100d0faff839

Observation ebafccad-0762-4dec-a490-eb53f707e950 · outbound

This paper cites Mistral ai.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Mistral ai

Reference 30

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.881012Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.881012Z digest=sha256:4ebe286c054dc0b9f8f1542c4a42a1d45ebaa19afa4a90cf2345eabe71437ea4

Observation e4e203ee-f4c4-4588-ab65-ad1fd0c3bdea · outbound

This paper cites Clip-decoder: Zeroshot multilabel classifica- tion using multimodal clip aligned representations,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Clip-decoder: Zeroshot multilabel classifica- tion using multimodal clip aligned representations,

Reference 31

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.889436Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.889436Z digest=sha256:30636f7cfbbfbdc41d89ae8f4146ec90cc5a0ecb88e55d6a816cc25524178fcb

Observation 014c581d-3965-463e-8c94-74954065ef5c · outbound

This paper cites Mitre att&ck: Design and philosophy,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Mitre att&ck: Design and philosophy,

Reference 32

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.898630Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.898630Z digest=sha256:5f0bb2171be40e1aa3f21f48a077ef21b9a6b55928ae1facfc537dfa1bfee855

Observation 40188ab7-adae-4237-98cb-048d710e886b · outbound

This paper cites Ev- erywhere all at once: Co-location attacks on public cloud faas,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Ev- erywhere all at once: Co-location attacks on public cloud faas,

Reference 33

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.906894Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.906894Z digest=sha256:65b5f973d560e311f269387ccff56eea1a7e3462e0ece56a3c32ca7903e95cb8

Observation 1885305f-dbab-4dea-ad1e-20cca475a317 · outbound

This paper cites Theory and practice of finding eviction sets,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Theory and practice of finding eviction sets,

Reference 34

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.915125Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.915125Z digest=sha256:5e6e7efb8f0a4952776a9e3b79ae638c072b15846e188e99e54f45a779c943bb

Observation 5baa0dc4-8fbb-49d6-9411-86d725c74980 · outbound

This paper cites Flush+ reload: A high resolution, low noise, l3 cache side-channel attack,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Flush+ reload: A high resolution, low noise, l3 cache side-channel attack,

Reference 35

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.925723Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.925723Z digest=sha256:62ed644de90a5e6599aab1ad4394082be098548ffe1bce86eba42d96cee51819

Observation 42911aa2-2358-4345-9d07-06e8d604d882 · outbound

This paper cites Cache missing for fun and profit,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Cache missing for fun and profit,

Reference 36

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.933726Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.933726Z digest=sha256:2072d7a159ca2868eb984a314d36a2cd6d273cc73bfd66d66f07c25a5105ce78

Observation d5ce4d8b-fac2-49fa-93b0-34f971675527 · outbound

This paper cites Confusedpilot: Confused deputy risks in rag-based llms,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Confusedpilot: Confused deputy risks in rag-based llms,

Reference 37

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.941360Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.941360Z digest=sha256:0dba8968d4e0ee34a7ab33f8a38b14c202917cdf6923ab205995efb5e1a37c8e

Observation 24309597-0288-42a2-ba3c-62f72bca1b5d · outbound

This paper cites Cache telepathy: Lever- aging shared resource attacks to learn dnn architectures,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Cache telepathy: Lever- aging shared resource attacks to learn dnn architectures,

Reference 39

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.955842Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.955842Z digest=sha256:2eca6afcdf3ebbff339e44a5828ad3eaea842d5e76ac52cc2aba6fc7ef1f645b

Observation d2895b32-7b18-46dc-95a7-5ff23235f0f7 · outbound

This paper cites Hugging face.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Hugging face

Reference 40

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.966062Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.966062Z digest=sha256:ce0386663a1044c5b25182157647b50ef8d47f731deb5fc7f755491f7b20730d

Observation 32ac1193-7b6c-47b2-a125-e360f9d160c3 · outbound

This paper cites Google tensorflow.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Google tensorflow

Reference 41

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.975725Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.975725Z digest=sha256:cf45b60b2a49f74388a4ab19a56db4799b3b59bfff6cd78866364296e5c2e94a

Observation fb37b1fc-7cc8-4dd4-b43c-df96d2a920d0 · outbound

This paper cites Apache spark.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Apache spark

Reference 42

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.986096Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.986096Z digest=sha256:7d55d1d834a767d291e7fb04c450716d78e7a1781ff1139a630c0b333604081e

Observation 0356afa5-d899-42e0-9c49-e0015a0aeadf · outbound

This paper cites Apache hadoop.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Apache hadoop

Reference 43

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:47.995572Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.995572Z digest=sha256:9a0b9bd321e706bce82d35faf8da9796180b39a7ea287d3e4b683e2c5aa26926

Observation e588a361-37a6-492e-a618-2d27f79f663f · outbound

This paper cites Snowflake.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Snowflake

Reference 44

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.013314Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.013314Z digest=sha256:fd9aba2c26a25a88ffcb0507bb91bf76d02f31947315bb507a783c16cce0a6df

Observation 54555caf-c53d-4313-8758-7a3e6df3b886 · outbound

This paper cites Bentoml.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Bentoml

Reference 45

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.023455Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.023455Z digest=sha256:e4280a9bf2e1663438a693521217d9081b7a3012145a119b2e51c5d479d6d776

Observation 35a17ec1-9088-49a0-9e98-0a7a4e1ab88e · outbound

This paper cites Kubernetes.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Kubernetes

Reference 46

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.032674Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.032674Z digest=sha256:3fff4b4a234bb8de2d34de899c7cde43b42bd0691a83295c100ef41a498dd1e6

Observation 3287ac1d-c9d4-47db-9723-13a9a293099c · outbound

This paper cites Pyyaml package.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Pyyaml package

Reference 47

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.046154Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.046154Z digest=sha256:994d5908a819ca3ca5f03f51e0e8e6cf6b1945aed7dab69b2b7685f40e6c0e0b

Observation eaae5611-df31-4694-8a1c-cb10e3df3a4a · outbound

This paper cites Cve-2023-31035.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Cve-2023-31035

Reference 48

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.061961Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.061961Z digest=sha256:2b19f7fb3940179aef360d7871c4a87b571edf82872caeb72f1694250b166508

Observation 05c08627-4426-42c2-bcae-3c2d86394343 · outbound

This paper cites Cve-2024-3095.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Cve-2024-3095

Reference 49

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.070697Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.070697Z digest=sha256:364a51f791205f29dcef25ab60705f16f52cde08f169feccbf87f61395cd102d

Observation 8f73ffd2-41be-4715-9135-217dcd657ac6 · outbound

This paper cites Formal verification methods,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Formal verification methods,

Reference 50

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.079021Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.079021Z digest=sha256:17af36b25a0b14b320f8229a0064c8ccd36a0e906cca7d42c83e446fbd7c6799

Observation aaff326a-2956-43c9-86c0-f3811c7b3d37 · outbound

This paper cites Hfl: Hybrid fuzzing on the linux kernel.,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Hfl: Hybrid fuzzing on the linux kernel.,

Reference 51

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.088486Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.088486Z digest=sha256:25cfe0a8a01cfca7b5c1e9e71655008c5651320065a72d590dd18ea76a6ced3c

Observation 108975ce-905a-432a-b103-abebdc116bed · outbound

This paper cites Sok: A defense- oriented evaluation of software supply chain security,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Sok: A defense- oriented evaluation of software supply chain security,

Reference 52

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.104839Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.104839Z digest=sha256:4c7ec5c8f774390566fb555c03979ef3487d3a8ede1d362e8883b09ed10c3fb8

Observation 25808180-b641-4818-bf05-fe54c4d28a44 · outbound

This paper cites Sok: Taxonomy of attacks on open-source software supply chains,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Sok: Taxonomy of attacks on open-source software supply chains,

Reference 53

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.112052Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.112052Z digest=sha256:693f95d1ce69c0687fe0fb2e3e2b05c3e6e1fc2bcbf48280fd006e872cac9648

Observation 4bbe68ab-0217-45a0-853d-70ec7a482aa2 · outbound

This paper cites Practical automated detection of ma- licious npm packages,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Practical automated detection of ma- licious npm packages,

Reference 54

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.124818Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.124818Z digest=sha256:7917f954b47dfc2215b9425b66b6acd3945fd5f1855fc6df0cc946e2f37f81b2

Observation 96743c1a-c479-4ad3-a59f-5e6260240558 · outbound

This paper cites Immutability and encapsulation for sound oo information flow control,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Immutability and encapsulation for sound oo information flow control,

Reference 55

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.137544Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.137544Z digest=sha256:48ef806cd0a7b7b9bb6cb8121d328a944df33f889a32a71f81fa2b8a289c3e52

Observation 4d9060f9-dd1e-48f5-b94e-b86921103dbc · outbound

This paper cites Raksha: a flexible information flow architecture for software security,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Raksha: a flexible information flow architecture for software security,

Reference 56

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.145655Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.145655Z digest=sha256:30f1ee43b46d26e49c109b818f458a14b07ca0674ab37aa87bbb470bd266e485

Observation ce1b3b7d-370c-4d1e-8df3-dd89c5b0159a · outbound

This paper cites Mod- ular information flow through ownership,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Mod- ular information flow through ownership,

Reference 57

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.153034Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.153034Z digest=sha256:157e8540e62105c22e37da191c2bdc02f7345e1baeae6be5faaec1cedb64991c

Observation 3f44c7c0-ecc2-4cd4-a42f-100b5103c820 · outbound

This paper cites Rethinking privacy in machine learning pipelines from an information flow control perspective,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rethinking privacy in machine learning pipelines from an information flow control perspective,

Reference 58

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.162293Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.162293Z digest=sha256:bafa5f16d8027144a05c9eaf0a70d438a5af1074bf41ea738952c18124c60a55

Observation 9dc92f20-9424-4a27-a16d-0b2a8d49beca · outbound

This paper cites Rust ai engine.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rust ai engine

Reference 59

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.180114Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.180114Z digest=sha256:0c5d85731a49091be2292b33b248d9a273d6d07ed853be53a07c73e5edbd5677

Observation 550f4880-d673-4bb2-a2b7-bc3dd0588a72 · outbound

This paper cites Rusty Linux: Advances in Rust for Linux Kernel Development.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rusty Linux: Advances in Rust for Linux Kernel Development

Reference 60

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:50.101572Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.195016Z digest=sha256:5dd599fae4b456c1c39d49ec186657c7fcd12ab72b149f3a915c2797431e8446

Observation 399c3b4f-0cb8-4282-ba98-7ffcbdc5185f · outbound

This paper cites Erim: Secure, efficient in-process isolation with memory protection keys,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Erim: Secure, efficient in-process isolation with memory protection keys,

Reference 61

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.210597Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.210597Z digest=sha256:1c87506eba4e50183a7c04bff479e79af9741515dbef4fe42b7ee6c817aa9a2d

Observation b2b57b35-95be-4e5b-ab0b-2cafff4f3ab9 · outbound

This paper cites Securecells: A secure compartmentalized architecture,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Securecells: A secure compartmentalized architecture,

Reference 62

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.221388Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.221388Z digest=sha256:d4b9b5982d09c7558e69e6967ca71c8ff0d2b4764d4d5916e8d2f45ee999ce26

Observation d87f32df-493c-4e33-a896-fd520c9027b9 · outbound

This paper cites Retrofitting fine grain isola- tion in the firefox renderer,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Retrofitting fine grain isola- tion in the firefox renderer,

Reference 63

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.228685Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.228685Z digest=sha256:77f56edcc4fba14a2057f6df741e0e79212782c6558d838996b19520ff68bbfb

Observation 190ae8d1-6aaf-46cd-8bd7-a596ccddf4f8 · outbound

This paper cites Going beyond the limits of sfi: Flexible and secure hardware-assisted in-process isolation with hfi,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Going beyond the limits of sfi: Flexible and secure hardware-assisted in-process isolation with hfi,

Reference 64

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.234534Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.234534Z digest=sha256:5ae260248dfface7a9a2d914f82a54c85841da5aa5e06baf5febc95842525476

Observation 721c84b2-d2fd-4705-8a9f-547fdc9def69 · outbound

This paper cites Cheri: A hybrid capability-system architecture for scalable software compart- mentalization,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Cheri: A hybrid capability-system architecture for scalable software compart- mentalization,

Reference 65

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.244590Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.244590Z digest=sha256:a9fec38a8aafed69d717f8fc500dd602a656773992dd3e2e6d3aa51a7a322641

Observation b6683080-c406-4bc5-bdde-41b386c686f3 · outbound

This paper cites Morpheus: A vulnerability-tolerant secure architecture based on ensembles of moving target defenses with churn,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Morpheus: A vulnerability-tolerant secure architecture based on ensembles of moving target defenses with churn,

Reference 66

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.255468Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.255468Z digest=sha256:d0ef113ca3120d3d3fa524faa37c58328ffa381468b4a38c8ef3cc423deb3f49

Observation 8476dd99-55c6-43cf-8774-b9ebdf5b0f71 · outbound

This paper cites Boosting microservice resilience: An evaluation of istio’s impact on kubernetes clusters under chaos,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Boosting microservice resilience: An evaluation of istio’s impact on kubernetes clusters under chaos,

Reference 67

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.266704Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.266704Z digest=sha256:466756660b8e850c600b2e42e7c1c1201168804334963135512e250112802807

Observation ceaf804e-5ea7-41c5-b86e-53977a75c8fe · outbound

This paper cites Rethinking system audit architectures for high event coverage and synchronous log availability,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rethinking system audit architectures for high event coverage and synchronous log availability,

Reference 68

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.273959Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.273959Z digest=sha256:6a0abb4330091f60aa7cb92e96fbc59f2758868d9fc7c8dba73f510e6a0fd92d

Observation 58efcf24-36ff-4e47-9516-d195d20c03fa · outbound

This paper cites Nvidia bluefield dpu.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Nvidia bluefield dpu

Reference 69

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.289561Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.289561Z digest=sha256:3a76ba6c865e882a8ceb07c0e70acc8289a750c33d8ad11582cf01be33c7422c

Observation f5f881b3-bd28-41a3-ab63-c7f2553d0516 · outbound

This paper cites Practical cold boot attack on iot device-case study on raspberry pi,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Practical cold boot attack on iot device-case study on raspberry pi,

Reference 70

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.304275Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.304275Z digest=sha256:10f1b31dc97249a8e0519664b0c39fe46e273a0049d31cf11e2341afc2bc4a71

Observation 263d8b64-888d-43a9-8239-0266fc06f838 · outbound

This paper cites Warm-boot attack on modern drams,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Warm-boot attack on modern drams,

Reference 71

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.314754Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.314754Z digest=sha256:e844e80b152142e19e213e1a4cfb98d0436d5e356696f4b051963ce370da3fe8

Observation c9c62902-f948-41f2-a033-660fd34ce7fa · outbound

This paper cites Drama: Exploiting dram addressing for cross-cpu attacks,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Drama: Exploiting dram addressing for cross-cpu attacks,

Reference 72

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.324764Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.324764Z digest=sha256:6002d2463723c73fe40b0dbc8d633b26f7ec6859d17e10087907613b4568c141

Observation 7f30e256-67bb-4793-8b14-eb6d76ae4b5e · outbound

This paper cites Dramaqueen: Revisiting side channels in dram,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Dramaqueen: Revisiting side channels in dram,

Reference 73

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.336675Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.336675Z digest=sha256:4e2a5e10d5acd4ab9be97c8d3d7c9ab66c4af574bd71a5868785113aa0c2da87

Observation 211e7a6c-cbdc-4b01-a0b4-28c5541d576b · outbound

This paper cites Nvleak:off-chip side-channel attacks via non-volatile mem- ory systems,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Nvleak:off-chip side-channel attacks via non-volatile mem- ory systems,

Reference 74

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.346882Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.346882Z digest=sha256:6c6971ec16a53d1fc939b437b3f97afcc62d02fd0f68f8184d7f6cde3fe64dd0

Observation d157c122-07c4-4ec7-a926-7567ffbecda3 · outbound

This paper cites Deephammer: Depleting the intelligence of deep neural networks through targeted chain of bit flips,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Deephammer: Depleting the intelligence of deep neural networks through targeted chain of bit flips,

Reference 75

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.357176Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.357176Z digest=sha256:a4df95ee68b0e41b893c3e1d31c34ceabcbd2c741a4b962c748e92722c7ed86e

Observation 5ae70405-4990-4f42-95e3-8ff737f8dab4 · outbound

This paper cites Yes, one-bit-flip matters! universal dnn model inference depletion with runtime code fault injection,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Yes, one-bit-flip matters! universal dnn model inference depletion with runtime code fault injection,

Reference 76

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.367051Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.367051Z digest=sha256:efb3ed88d704cefc47e84b05141e8c9588c70c63eb4ffc2644b7935ff19af8e1

Observation 6963e044-0169-4e9f-9ee9-60817fa4a450 · outbound

This paper cites Bit-flip attack: Crushing neural net- work with progressive bit search,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Bit-flip attack: Crushing neural net- work with progressive bit search,

Reference 77

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.376861Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.376861Z digest=sha256:fd5798dfd0cb6fcbac5b74f4f5d9104029dfe0ba66871709c94cd834507445e1

Observation f8a59798-f740-44a7-8bbb-6a9e4f71bc19 · outbound

This paper cites Rambleed: Reading bits in memory without accessing them,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rambleed: Reading bits in memory without accessing them,

Reference 78

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.387698Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.387698Z digest=sha256:dcdf7285705b1920d4ba1f4b1ad6d904b3fe4a473f742abc6ec9906f4219a2f1

Observation da900df5-04ce-4da4-a5a1-d492bb3524e5 · outbound

This paper cites Deepsteal: Advanced model extractions leveraging efficient weight stealing in memories,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Deepsteal: Advanced model extractions leveraging efficient weight stealing in memories,

Reference 79

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.394925Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.394925Z digest=sha256:577a58962552404776fe11fc971a7079c874b0a53782e391deb0d34c397ee0da

Observation fb71c962-833f-4c25-8d26-99ef05fc38f0 · outbound

This paper cites Side- channel attack analysis on in-memory computing architectures,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Side- channel attack analysis on in-memory computing architectures,

Reference 80

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.407936Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.407936Z digest=sha256:77bdb625c1de4ca4cae12ae5e9a99149f80d130dc7849d31b38325fd963eea18

Observation a2b2078d-11ca-4c38-9a96-f01240882ae7 · outbound

This paper cites Powergan: A machine learning approach for power side-channel attack on compute-in-memory accelerators,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Powergan: A machine learning approach for power side-channel attack on compute-in-memory accelerators,

Reference 81

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.421874Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.421874Z digest=sha256:984bf49462a8c1172b3cfdeabb87a27504b357f171d800f03fd37e4d41c75aa5

Observation 61710016-9e82-44dd-87de-56999f9268f7 · outbound

This paper cites Revisiting Main Memory-Based Covert and Side Channel Attacks in the Context of Processing-in-Memory.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Revisiting Main Memory-Based Covert and Side Channel Attacks in the Context of Processing-in-Memory

Reference 82

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:50.057257Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.431795Z digest=sha256:84f96439267aea9f735bb15c50ff41fe418bdd7b0dbb88b9b6b523cfed008f7f

Observation e51fb4c3-a8e1-4683-be93-36b6ece115db · outbound

This paper cites Understanding error propagation in deep learning neural network (dnn) accelerators and applications,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Understanding error propagation in deep learning neural network (dnn) accelerators and applications,

Reference 84

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.463811Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.463811Z digest=sha256:498143a4f4600bbd7f961863e2afaeb33c958ba73283b71deb49d9180a8a98ea

Observation 7d534396-8608-40df-be87-d2cee68c26e6 · outbound

This paper cites Fault injection for tensorflow applications,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Fault injection for tensorflow applications,

Reference 85

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.474049Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.474049Z digest=sha256:0e695f9a121659f590865052db2cce87d52c4d151becaa26db0b0384a0e6aea6

Observation bbf05e1c-e2b6-41a5-9dbe-3c91e0af95fb · outbound

This paper cites pcileech.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures pcileech

Reference 86

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.482747Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.482747Z digest=sha256:b36e9d4da8eeea3b96423f8fc45736056d72cd2235d18b292734281fc8e2f61f

Observation 5d129d9f-d4e8-46c8-99fb-2388081e48db · outbound

This paper cites Thunderclap: Exploring vulnerabilities in operating system iommu protection via dma from untrustworthy peripherals,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Thunderclap: Exploring vulnerabilities in operating system iommu protection via dma from untrustworthy peripherals,

Reference 87

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.490863Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.490863Z digest=sha256:fb82fd8d17ba4025dfc755a89eb8f0629de648ee58669c7e9304caf255c41e61

Observation 8a99724b-4896-4c5c-9be6-de8f01817929 · outbound

This paper cites New Security Challenges on Machine Learning Inference Engine: Chip Cloning and Model Reverse Engineering.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures New Security Challenges on Machine Learning Inference Engine: Chip Cloning and Model Reverse Engineering

Reference 88

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:49.998463Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.505660Z digest=sha256:2b2ae0c4f25b45dc1ada2dd8c075fad61b11f1b42dd85b1b51855c08e192feef

Observation f0672432-354f-4c0a-91ba-ee28e83f3817 · outbound

This paper cites Reverse engineering convo- lutional neural networks through side-channel information leaks,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Reverse engineering convo- lutional neural networks through side-channel information leaks,

Reference 89

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.519842Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.519842Z digest=sha256:235f985af0bce36f69424c9ab450ca8168d6e53dae195846c23c457b06f03607

Observation 53bcbfe3-0b18-40b4-8699-c7a40666cf95 · outbound

This paper cites Bandwidth Utilization Side-Channel on ML Inference Accelerators.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Bandwidth Utilization Side-Channel on ML Inference Accelerators

Reference 90

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:49.955457Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.527391Z digest=sha256:5195d678c2cb86b5c10c8a84d7573a50e1bdbad5722273db336b08ab9a1610d1

Observation c3ca3481-d1d6-4c0e-9e25-2fe542debe1d · outbound

This paper cites Chen, “Hmtt.” https://asg.ict.ac.cn/hmtt/, 2019.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Chen, “Hmtt.” https://asg.ict.ac.cn/hmtt/, 2019

Reference 91

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.536725Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.536725Z digest=sha256:f55c8d9d6f9e96d9733abbe725e3cfcf5094a49e25243761d8b74c452a920fa2

Observation 3868178d-67b2-431a-a1b9-ccd362399909 · outbound

This paper cites Hermes attack: Steal dnn models with lossless inference accuracy,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Hermes attack: Steal dnn models with lossless inference accuracy,

Reference 92

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.548406Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.548406Z digest=sha256:2c3401864028e7f04287336c08d7ab9a414ba298eeea77842dbb5324a1f52396

Observation a7d94e91-e12f-42ad-9d1d-303fe9e97597 · outbound

This paper cites Deepsniffer: A dnn model extraction framework based on learning architectural hints,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Deepsniffer: A dnn model extraction framework based on learning architectural hints,

Reference 93

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.557915Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.557915Z digest=sha256:3601181492a8020aace113de6a7ba23da8bc88a4bfac0c017082cceed0e7025f

Observation 5abedf82-125e-468f-a382-743827a267ee · outbound

This paper cites Rendered insecure: Gpu side channel attacks are practical,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rendered insecure: Gpu side channel attacks are practical,

Reference 94

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.565738Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.565738Z digest=sha256:947394f466b275c176d569d6afabea1ac3e0d91688a1e52bf9ddbf2af1e98b1f

Observation ed03dd3c-df11-452b-b4d0-a6b0dfda7548 · outbound

This paper cites Leaky dnn: Stealing deep-learning model secret with gpu context-switching side-channel,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Leaky dnn: Stealing deep-learning model secret with gpu context-switching side-channel,

Reference 95

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.574870Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.574870Z digest=sha256:9d60654dd77f25fe67d9bd4cd49dd83e4246b21be48479f898141a8aa16a0681

Observation 68b595f5-31e1-405a-99cb-af3984fb2cbc · outbound

This paper cites Huffduff: Stealing pruned dnns from sparse accelerators,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Huffduff: Stealing pruned dnns from sparse accelerators,

Reference 96

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.586349Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.586349Z digest=sha256:e0e78b7ed5a62b1e5351db9285ddf1b4a99d1f8b6058dc783f0aa2e81a7ef48a

Observation 3978d5cf-f87e-45a7-a3c4-6528d4d6e55c · outbound

This paper cites Sparsity turns adver- sarial: Energy and latency attacks on deep neural networks,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Sparsity turns adver- sarial: Energy and latency attacks on deep neural networks,

Reference 97

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.600677Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.600677Z digest=sha256:6addd008d1c749a7736f422a692007c138f612636a29fad02274bf09f07272e9

Observation c244e5e0-6157-400c-83e3-fbfdb18d94d2 · outbound

This paper cites Beyond the Bridge: Contention-Based Covert and Side Channel Attacks on Multi-GPU Interconnect.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Beyond the Bridge: Contention-Based Covert and Side Channel Attacks on Multi-GPU Interconnect

Reference 98

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:49.898729Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.617488Z digest=sha256:250d410cc78dc82ae6126397ae5d39e3dc611375f49e863fa938a821b5412cb4

Observation 0a97080f-1d13-4473-96a5-7a6d4b080585 · outbound

This paper cites Invisible probe: Timing attacks with pcie congestion side-channel,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Invisible probe: Timing attacks with pcie congestion side-channel,

Reference 99

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.630679Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.630679Z digest=sha256:03efeb919dea65c5cef5cc18511c69e0dd6ce234ea2a2020e5f961c6c523f810

Observation 9f0f7c9c-80b9-4384-90c8-fbd16c6373b0 · outbound

This paper cites Stealing Neural Networks via Timing Side Channels.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Stealing Neural Networks via Timing Side Channels

Reference 100

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.647912Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.647912Z digest=sha256:5ef602166e15a55a0cbe1c9ad032f98318df6470de59d6cb41a49fba298a72d6

Observation 1e6eccc7-381f-4f0d-b662-98717b445e92 · outbound

This paper cites Layer sequence extraction of optimized dnns using side-channel information leaks,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Layer sequence extraction of optimized dnns using side-channel information leaks,

Reference 101

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.658083Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.658083Z digest=sha256:d138fd0f238f5dfdf9ab993c4930e9b33539c863f080a10aae4e1ae74fe0e658

Observation 970cae3d-372a-4c83-933b-495f7cf64523 · outbound

This paper cites Practical attacks on deep neural networks by memory trojaning,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Practical attacks on deep neural networks by memory trojaning,

Reference 102

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.676389Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.676389Z digest=sha256:b16245fb71c219efe9146184a226ac36219e331da966c5c2796f68d1b945584e

Pith citing papers

Observation 79275b3b-6ba2-441e-b010-e343497b6a48 · inbound

The Automation Advantage in AI Red Teaming cites this paper.

The Automation Advantage in AI Red Teaming SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures

Reference 5

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-16T05:46:02.343105Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:46:02.165244Z digest=sha256:7487b4586f3db0944fee30bc3584488d26e637ecde15d1330c80e11e4444c0db