Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.244201Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations
As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 35 of 35 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.07212.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T17:23:57.734885Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: pith, observed 2026-08-06T17:23:59.259215Z
Reference resolution
35 of 35 outbound references displayed
- verified exact4
- verified fuzzy1
- unresolved29
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier1
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation 46316e58-a96f-4ab6-83eb-d3160c7f8af2 · outbound
This paper cites Perspective API.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Perspective API
Reference 1
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.093247Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4bd9f5c0-9894-4afb-91a4-91a27f622982 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 2
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.928171Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation fb8a0ff7-974f-4f1d-8222-b978ea942d8a · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 3
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.914372Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 2d57ec47-13ea-4dd0-8676-a7181b7814cd · outbound
This paper cites THOS: A Benchmark Dataset for Targeted Hate and Offensive Speech.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations THOS: A Benchmark Dataset for Targeted Hate and Offensive Speech
Reference 4
- Resolution
- verified exact
- local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.577531Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 84256206-4de7-4a7b-a6c1-a77468bc7e37 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.117105Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a139d8f6-0d1d-48dc-85e4-5ee8a743160e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.900942Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 38e201fd-ee6e-44cb-8358-4b03081424b4 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.873709Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 18e665c0-368a-461f-a217-df4c8a1f151b · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 8
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.859821Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 69c11666-0080-4d51-acd2-7024ada0c4b1 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 9
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.845946Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation d3c96ad6-eb8f-4970-b2e0-0978f00042fd · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 10
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.144282Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2ac55e03-fcfb-463a-be39-dd86108997b8 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 11
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.329041Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation ba28211f-3b2f-442c-a3b1-02fef2816307 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 12
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.153506Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 80a75df2-8d05-492e-8918-38454e88428c · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 13
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.831429Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a2ca004d-1e38-40ba-889c-f98eb39596b1 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 14
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.817048Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 65d3af25-0f95-4042-92ea-3cbe270525b3 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 15
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.166030Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0b66fab3-eb8a-4df5-9590-4e7c7eb98527 · outbound
This paper cites A Synchronized Action Framework for Responsible Detection of Coordination on Social Media.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations A Synchronized Action Framework for Responsible Detection of Coordination on Social Media
Reference 16
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.170292Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a21ff70b-5b5c-449d-b3a8-6b1c36c83590 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 17
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.801521Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a7f4ce1c-15ce-4250-b118-c2303096d12e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 18
- Resolution
- malformed identifier
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.179421Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 56211bb8-2ebc-4a7c-a6d6-c044aab6915e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 19
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.787623Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 9cecf8d0-8256-4a6a-a648-c9d65a4523c0 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 20
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.295355Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 8e5ffb46-f4c7-4152-9277-541838ecc747 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 21
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.773789Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 51e93a4a-4d53-4010-8721-e9381d97cc1e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 22
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.759869Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 5d69838e-ea36-43df-b28e-b40c4a22a685 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 23
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.745208Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 2bd8b594-02f1-4c66-b459-85ad17a9fd5e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 24
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.205596Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c9b896e2-6c44-491c-aa00-1c18eb8a0636 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 25
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.711456Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation ff224ee5-2abd-4014-a6ef-87646472c8e6 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 26
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.279928Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 523936ae-0e02-46c2-b079-3a2a04388569 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.696513Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 3da00fc9-15f8-4bb3-8325-d5312f32b09c · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 28
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.681809Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7c0fde5d-e0fc-41c6-904e-c36fe2d95d25 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 29
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.231312Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation cf70e33c-6473-4650-8438-47d06395493e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 30
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.667089Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation ef37ed48-5ac3-4a22-878e-7914b49d6efa · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 31
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.652343Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 4ea40b0f-fac9-4aa8-bb2b-de8aa58b0eee · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.244201Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 66edc9a9-80a6-4a2d-9704-080834160344 · outbound
This paper cites Information Processing & Management 58, 1 (2021), 102435.
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations Information Processing & Management 58, 1 (2021), 102435
Reference 2021
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.887590Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 25d3228f-f064-4fbf-b695-d0390cb6d9d2 · outbound
This paper cites In 32nd USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 23).
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations In 32nd USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 23)
Reference 2023
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.209826Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6f1c482b-0046-4541-912c-64f099cdee04 · outbound
This paper cites In Proceedings of the 19th ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security (Singapore, Singapore) (ASIA CCS ’24).
The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations In Proceedings of the 19th ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security (Singapore, Singapore) (ASIA CCS ’24)
Reference 2024
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:25:09.102937Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Pith citing papers
Observation 0afb9608-769b-4b8d-979d-92dbc538e9f3 · inbound
Toxicity in State Sponsored Information Operations cites this paper.
Toxicity in State Sponsored Information Operations The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations
Reference 18
- Resolution
- verified exact
- local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T17:23:59.295512Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation dd446d33-5d50-4149-b1fe-960c49c15a2a · inbound
Manufactured Divisiveness: Decomposing the Hostile Content of Seven Social Media Influence Operations cites this paper.
Manufactured Divisiveness: Decomposing the Hostile Content of Seven Social Media Influence Operations The Language of Influence: Sentiment, Emotion, and Hate Speech in State Sponsored Influence Operations
Reference 45
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T02:00:23.637181Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.