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Thermalization Process after Inflation and Effective Potential of Scalar Field

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arxiv 1506.07661 v2 pith:JU6SKHCF submitted 2015-06-25 hep-ph astro-ph.CO

classification hep-phastro-ph.CO
keywords temperatureeffectivethermalizationuniverseelectroweakevolutionfieldinflation
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abstract

We investigate the thermalization process of the Universe after inflation to determine the evolution of the effective temperature. The time scale of thermalization is found to be so long that it delays the evolution of the effective temperature, and the resulting maximal temperature of the Universe can be significantly lower than the one obtained in the literature. Our results clarify the finite density corrections to the effective potential of a scalar field and also processes of heavy particle production. In particular, we find that the maximum temperature of the Universe may be at most electroweak scale if the reheating temperature is as low as ${\cal O} (1)$ MeV, which implies that the electroweak symmetry may be marginally restored. In addition, it is noticeable that the dark matter may not be produced from thermal plasma in such a low reheating scenario, since the maximum temperature can be smaller than the conventional estimation by five orders of magnitude. We also give implications to the Peccei-Quinn mechanism and the Affleck-Dine baryogenesis.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Seesaw reheating

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Reheating temperature is controlled by the lifetime and relativistic-to-nonrelativistic transition of an intermediate seesaw scalar, not by the inflaton decay width, yielding simple analytical expressions for TRH.

  2. Axion isocurvature and the model-building problem of low-scale inflation

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A light pre-inflationary QCD axion that is all the dark matter forces the inflationary Hubble scale below ~10^7–10^10 GeV and, for canonical slow-roll inflation, confines the inflaton to sub-10^-4 M_Pl of field motion...

  3. Reheating as a variational probe of cosmological observables

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Reheating is formulated as a regularized variational problem in equation-of-state space whose extremal histories are selected by different cosmological observables.

  4. Aspects of Gravitational Portals and Freeze-in during Reheating

    hep-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    During reheating, freeze-in from the gravitationally produced radiation bath can dominate the dark matter relic density for DM masses above the reheating temperature, with k- and n-dependent constraints.

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