Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks

As of 15 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 31 of 31 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2608.04549.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2608.04549 v2

Coverage vector

measured 31 of 31 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.051312Z

measured 31 of 31 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

31 of 31 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy4
unresolved27
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation afb79276-9779-43a5-a044-c0903a12ebe2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:46.945633Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6b4df5fc-8445-4a5b-a48f-30b43be83f69 · outbound

This paper cites InInternational Conference on Learning Representations.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks InInternational Conference on Learning Representations

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.314919Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 3a213fac-40ab-43ae-b505-32dc6592668b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:46.955130Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 545129b1-7179-4575-9af6-d7b03be5ed85 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:46.959787Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3966dd10-44d3-456d-800f-aa9be5c6d3cd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:46.950386Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9a2300e4-fd44-432c-a46f-e43dc63d8684 · outbound

This paper cites for whichever option is recommended).

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks for whichever option is recommended)

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:46.968543Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation db0d7c1f-1a52-41d6-a56a-03652516df02 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.264375Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation e7f068e2-5dee-40c6-ae48-40613e9f5b3e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:46.964125Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b08904d1-cb39-4b68-9cee-611540085401 · outbound

This paper cites Our covenant ceiling of 4.0x leaves only C360M of immediate debt headroom.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Our covenant ceiling of 4.0x leaves only C360M of immediate debt headroom

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.252023Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 45599044-0de5-4e8e-8a58-076383eb440d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.240087Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation ed868f10-bff1-485a-b97d-aca9a468f743 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:46.985468Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9a0f2c2c-826c-43cf-a1c6-fc6524a4a176 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:46.989254Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 723c06a9-63f1-4a5a-a593-9460c810f6f9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:46.992797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 36211d06-cc07-45ca-86ce-21ecab6944e5 · outbound

This paper cites C” appended (“bottom-up, not top-down approachC.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks C” appended (“bottom-up, not top-down approachC

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:46.996322Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1119df36-173c-49b6-ac2d-38807d0d9878 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.001027Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f0bee423-1512-430b-8886-0cf809a63c16 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.004563Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a89a58ff-1c28-4a95-a733-dd8280bce71c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.008223Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 84fb3408-5e49-4a8a-8f1d-0480b475da4c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.012160Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a06e0fce-2924-4d15-b8aa-ce800ad6846b · outbound

This paper cites not needing to 15 prioritize customer experience.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks not needing to 15 prioritize customer experience

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.178945Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation a952fc49-abf5-4349-9b60-24c04c4beb3a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.019378Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4fa3edc5-88d3-4c7b-bbe1-03105fe07456 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.022708Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0ca1a1e6-a3cb-4d26-9856-b5caf0af261a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.156328Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 41c3d036-c91e-42e8-8ece-a17fed7e7e6a · outbound

This paper cites p99 of 45ms.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks p99 of 45ms

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.029809Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0faafc24-9102-4d34-b77e-2ede7c38956e · outbound

This paper cites impressive.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks impressive

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.033273Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7026dbed-1d59-4b63-a3a1-071b36343a61 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.134697Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation c84847d3-202f-45c9-b326-c8029753f9df · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.040585Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e2e1d66f-47ea-4691-beb4-22f032c48742 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.044167Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 546ce71b-6266-496f-8e8c-4e585fbacbc0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.047862Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9077a9cd-a5a5-4854-852c-a4529ad4fe0c · outbound

This paper cites See Table 12 for each individual item’s rate.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks See Table 12 for each individual item’s rate

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:47.105225Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation bcc75dcc-0354-4840-879b-6c9cfadbfc1d · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code

Reference 2021

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:46.924066Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1fd6bd95-accd-4fa4-b360-c9160579218f · outbound

This paper cites Rethinking Benchmark and Contamination for Language Models with Rephrased Samples.

EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks Rethinking Benchmark and Contamination for Language Models with Rephrased Samples

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T18:19:46.939354Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.