Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek

As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 41 of 41 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2506.12349.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.12349 v1

Coverage vector

measured 41 of 41 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:30.629263Z

measured 42 of 42 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-10T07:16:56.008139Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-10T09:18:32.649099Z

Reference resolution

41 of 41 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy17
unresolved23
parse uncertain1
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 2e89f93c-38c8-47fd-b328-72337408824d · outbound

This paper cites Anderljung, E.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Anderljung, E

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:39.161398Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 4f6e1f16-89f6-4ec0-bd92-f22299ed0794 · outbound

This paper cites Augenstein, T.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Augenstein, T

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:38.965902Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 2c033672-dce6-4d7d-bc40-40eb90f6720d · outbound

This paper cites Barman, Z.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Barman, Z

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:38.742309Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 87dfc320-90d1-4313-9fd8-48d662004a7f · outbound

This paper cites Bondielli and F.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Bondielli and F

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:38.512069Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 09e656e8-57eb-41fc-832e-0a7800bb28a1 · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Models Reflect the Ideology of their Creators.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Large Language Models Reflect the Ideology of their Creators

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:26.179090Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3adfeba4-2c3a-4d13-be53-68ae4d86833d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:38.310330Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 9b9b629b-eaf1-4bdb-94c6-38cfac75b796 · outbound

This paper cites Chen and K.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Chen and K

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:38.081662Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 77ae1ded-7707-4d5e-bfcd-ab7d1fc46a4f · outbound

This paper cites Cosgrove.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Cosgrove

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:37.829576Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation ec47108d-f7f3-4856-b025-cdded0ba6e1e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:37.651935Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 75ab6a96-106e-4fd4-a3a8-fb16348db7f5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:37.348499Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 613f2541-8e13-429f-bdf3-600c033a18f7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:37.076783Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation bbedd88b-2fb4-4bcf-890d-b5ee2be4f32e · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:26.931855Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7b3c9b62-de1e-4b0f-9e43-6b63d9b72325 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:36.850256Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 064d979f-4261-4f46-8d89-26044fcc83ab · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:36.563947Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation df92ac32-ad69-4854-a581-13e3db602a0b · outbound

This paper cites Huang and D.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Huang and D

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:36.372056Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 6cc4301f-eb90-45d5-8043-404ce4f6e04e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:36.200049Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 47443b02-0714-4cb0-8b5c-3de51cde8fd4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:35.953081Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 8b694564-d025-4704-ad0f-1f13f9f71797 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:35.740136Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 4c9b2b53-d062-475a-9d74-0bdc2d5ed754 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:35.458687Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 0f2bf51b-052c-41d7-96df-7b67d12b09fc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:35.196904Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation f351f633-651f-43e8-94aa-7d23cbb446e7 · outbound

This paper cites Maia Polo, R.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Maia Polo, R

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:34.928491Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 22a945e6-3ac2-4fc8-9a37-19447e39ac1d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:34.678688Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation c27193d9-656f-4363-8855-85569a57d3c9 · outbound

This paper cites R1dacted: Investigating Local Censorship in DeepSeek's R1 Language Model.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek R1dacted: Investigating Local Censorship in DeepSeek's R1 Language Model

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:28.333789Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 53171dfe-7ff1-4cbc-934a-d9b6ed34ba3e · outbound

This paper cites Ng and B.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Ng and B

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:34.400708Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation a388e592-9f97-474d-8675-843e9eb2991d · outbound

This paper cites What Large Language Models Do Not Talk About: An Empirical Study of Moderation and Censorship Practices.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek What Large Language Models Do Not Talk About: An Empirical Study of Moderation and Censorship Practices

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:28.573205Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 703444e5-742b-4e78-a907-e45ffa631421 · outbound

This paper cites Learning to reason with LLMs, Sept.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Learning to reason with LLMs, Sept

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:34.124446Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation a7199ff4-7503-42a7-9d48-487fd86cc9cb · outbound

This paper cites Definition of censorship in english.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Definition of censorship in english

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:33.888971Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation dbc6c66a-c730-4e82-a359-cac77b602749 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:33.631490Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation b517bc4f-1b46-468f-91a9-fdfab6b38312 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:33.316936Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 453db57a-0aa0-4f3b-be60-b68935fb3758 · outbound

This paper cites Schick, S.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Schick, S

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:33.028383Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 501eab59-0afd-44a5-bbee-edc45d6ffc6a · outbound

This paper cites Stockmann.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Stockmann

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:32.779508Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation a1858d69-676d-473d-a590-a602f81280a3 · outbound

This paper cites Tobin and C.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Tobin and C

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:32.476713Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation e55235eb-be27-4708-b652-f399230b4516 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:32.024974Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation f4a8a6d9-4f50-421f-85bd-4592a8a9c1a6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:29.876963Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 87da64e4-ed02-48b2-a16a-fe4eeb21670f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:31.820537Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 65e429c5-fa70-4eb6-ad6d-e4b6d686f6e0 · outbound

This paper cites Ethical and social risks of harm from Language Models.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Ethical and social risks of harm from Language Models

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:30.128320Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation de228aa4-0373-4bf4-84ee-b2958a79516d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:31.633583Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 3a8be9a3-6491-4593-acba-9ae7cd2ed945 · outbound

This paper cites Zhao and D.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Zhao and D

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:31.371468Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation de49c894-08dd-4a41-9f33-0706251ea0d3 · outbound

This paper cites Zhu and K.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Zhu and K

Reference 39

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:31.175220Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 43bd017a-830a-489a-bb9a-72ae6f4d53f3 · outbound

This paper cites Hong Kong protests,.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Hong Kong protests,

Reference 40

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:30.997214Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 252ed333-dcec-4a13-86e7-dfe7cbec9f95 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek Unresolved cited work

Reference 2025

Resolution: parse uncertain; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T00:58:32.279200Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 11fe2095-c1b0-4565-a8d7-5759483bd6fe · inbound

LLMs can persuade only psychologically susceptible humans on societal issues, via trust in AI and emotional appeals, amid logical fallacies cites this paper.

LLMs can persuade only psychologically susceptible humans on societal issues, via trust in AI and emotional appeals, amid logical fallacies Information Suppression in Large Language Models: Auditing, Quantifying, and Characterizing Censorship in DeepSeek

Reference 43

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-14T02:22:28.396574Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.