Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models

As of 17 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 48 of 48 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2504.12911.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2504.12911 v2

Coverage vector

measured 48 of 48 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.548943Z

measured 50 of 50 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T10:40:14.097900Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-06T17:38:20.339659Z

Reference resolution

48 of 48 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy4
unresolved44
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 3a18dbe2-1b6b-459b-ab41-a8b04e9f53ff · outbound

This paper cites believe",.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models believe",

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.810621Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 7076b9c2-b698-46b5-92ba-17181beb253c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.790281Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 57df4465-270e-45e8-a65a-6a463d434734 · outbound

This paper cites Unknown.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unknown

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.771455Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation e866038f-6dd2-41b3-abc9-9d05fbd575d2 · outbound

This paper cites Trustworthy LLMs: a Survey and Guideline for Evaluating Large Language Models' Alignment.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Trustworthy LLMs: a Survey and Guideline for Evaluating Large Language Models' Alignment

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.431868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c8855bce-4d3b-4fba-9922-3be22ce943bb · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.283599Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3a9d5dda-01cc-489e-9d94-825361f1c1d4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.399031Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation dedf09fa-e696-4f85-b6d0-863d05053446 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.382129Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation d8e1fcd4-7b08-4d5c-91b9-da959f49c03a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.345994Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 3f8a5961-83da-4c80-ab9a-2b1aeecaf7a2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.329702Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 85ab2bae-7853-45c4-8c1a-224a9ef2313a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.313839Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 18a9044d-d592-42f2-9d3e-3a95662b5748 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.297553Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation cc282f6f-af3f-492a-9160-58fa2d15bec3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.263853Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 1c3706cc-2421-456a-b5ff-3d2de3a72fce · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.247579Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation c58c5f80-7970-4452-a65f-b1b4f9111ff3 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on In-context Learning.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models A Survey on In-context Learning

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.351598Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4d9e5564-9fab-4943-bc4a-0fcb30fa1be5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 51

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.229616Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 3046a00b-996a-467d-abb1-04f7bfb7645c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 52

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.213502Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation f82ae7b9-dc7c-40ae-8bdb-1cdcb55aa6fa · outbound

This paper cites RealToxicityPrompts: Evaluating Neural Toxic Degeneration in Language Models.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models RealToxicityPrompts: Evaluating Neural Toxic Degeneration in Language Models

Reference 53

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.368863Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation db74cae6-f698-4a32-82a6-37821cfb2fc9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 54

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.197959Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 624fe149-ce6a-4a6b-add5-85be1ba63f90 · outbound

This paper cites The political ideology of conversational AI: Converging evidence on ChatGPT's pro-environmental, left-libertarian orientation.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models The political ideology of conversational AI: Converging evidence on ChatGPT's pro-environmental, left-libertarian orientation

Reference 55

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.381272Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2bc0fa08-80b8-4768-aadb-0952612dba7e · outbound

This paper cites LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models

Reference 56

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.387055Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b8db4124-cc04-43c8-a0b5-e7a25493db85 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 57

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.182933Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 017fc1dc-036d-454d-8f31-56d06fff3509 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 58

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.167728Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 1c9e5b32-787f-4220-b856-7b9ac7c5e580 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 59

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.135458Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 63337416-816f-4bf5-b2d0-335fc7f85eef · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 60

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.118919Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 528310c5-4c57-41d7-9243-57341c7d2430 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 61

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.102410Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation cb99aedf-cb59-4703-96f1-b2cf29abe6b9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 62

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.086058Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 0184d13b-01b9-41fb-8ebb-ed3a9eb2d794 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 63

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.070303Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 1282aa53-a138-473c-9a91-322a047208ad · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 64

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.054889Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 53ac0272-0fee-4430-b9a6-6dcc712a49fe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 65

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.038633Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 10e89fc5-2bb3-42f9-8baf-d67089ecb7b3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 66

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.005822Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation f81301ed-8ced-419d-856b-bcda778da134 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 67

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.989348Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation b69cd11c-a65b-4098-b17a-9017726bc7be · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 68

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.973815Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation a6d9f2c7-e446-4050-9404-1137452f4226 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 69

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.958184Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 873a2f2a-39d5-4d6a-b962-bf6b126ca590 · outbound

This paper cites Hidden Persuaders: LLMs' Political Leaning and Their Influence on Voters.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Hidden Persuaders: LLMs' Political Leaning and Their Influence on Voters

Reference 70

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.483344Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5edd7484-78cc-4b04-81e2-e2c5d6b4b0c5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 71

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.940316Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation f4d6d5a5-18eb-4e77-bad6-debd0efcd65b · outbound

This paper cites Assessing Political Bias in Large Language Models.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Assessing Political Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 73

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.498536Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c041217f-560b-465c-ac1b-1d626fa7ce1c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 74

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.923429Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 3eecb8f1-138a-4f9d-aede-c422bddd60dd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 75

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.906252Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 857aa815-5bea-40f0-8c32-af96e14be60e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 76

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.889307Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation f589180a-ebc3-4b9c-bb6e-911a83749ed3 · outbound

This paper cites Systematic Evaluation of LLM-as-a-Judge in LLM Alignment Tasks: Explainable Metrics and Diverse Prompt Templates.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Systematic Evaluation of LLM-as-a-Judge in LLM Alignment Tasks: Explainable Metrics and Diverse Prompt Templates

Reference 77

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.518422Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 636a28dd-9270-449d-ac71-9a3a7816c939 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 78

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.872050Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation f15d3db4-bfbf-43f0-ab29-edd51101b27d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 79

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.853010Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation cf78cde9-3a2a-4fe7-845f-8656718c5048 · outbound

This paper cites tag": str,.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models tag": str,

Reference 80

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.830778Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation d6ef662d-4ca1-488d-8f1b-1c54a97ff8f9 · outbound

This paper cites Journal of machine Learning research, 3(Jan):993–1022.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Journal of machine Learning research, 3(Jan):993–1022

Reference 2003

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.364433Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 18eb6665-c3b0-4eae-b396-a78d4f4d5ad8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 2017

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.021914Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 3a0c3676-227c-43f8-8d18-c672cf8c78ba · outbound

This paper cites UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reduction.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reduction

Reference 2018

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:54.463490Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 12cbcd7a-b194-4d88-9329-e6d3abbafc68 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.280441Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation acde0a2e-7127-41fa-b06c-b87107b2fbc3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:24:55.151566Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 026bdd06-ff39-456e-a758-4902ea2e3af8 · inbound

Fine-Grained Interpretation of Political Opinions in Large Language Models cites this paper.

Fine-Grained Interpretation of Political Opinions in Large Language Models Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:40:14.097900Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c3a6c261-53ae-41d1-82a5-a52ba801239f · inbound

HKGAI-V1: Towards Regional Sovereign Large Language Model for Hong Kong cites this paper.

HKGAI-V1: Towards Regional Sovereign Large Language Model for Hong Kong Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models

Reference 66

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T17:38:20.410091Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.