Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T20:55:07.326283Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 42 of 42 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.11642.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T20:55:07.326283Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T16:57:29.612330Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
42 of 42 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation b2d789a3-52f5-4b31-874e-095096258e16 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Pal: Program-aided language models,
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation c4e4f9c0-ad23-4029-9a1f-d10fd31fed6b · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Webgpt: Browser-assisted question-answering with human feedback,
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation f08c3f0a-db1b-4220-897b-440fb58db521 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Language models are unsupervised multitask learners,
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 95bfbe20-c473-4c34-9bfa-b1c66d1a956a · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Decodingtrust: A comprehensive assessment of trustworthiness in GPT models,
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 0c636c3e-8c68-495f-914d-aa903da01c8d · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Backdoor attacks for in-context learning with language models,
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation ac3a6b3b-4644-4e95-bd6c-358332f1a867 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Agentpoison: Red-teaming llm agents via poisoning memory or knowledge bases,
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 77f7b391-7335-48b2-af70-52b45d61c906 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Adver- sarial attacks and defenses in large language models: Old and new threats,
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 531d6b33-5977-4b33-9f3c-3a2bc1682d2a · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Backdoor threats from compromised foundation models to federated learning,
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation cea07a30-b9c9-4af8-8350-0ae455c7cb34 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Unveiling backdoor risks brought by foundation models in heterogeneous federated learning,
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation c994a1b7-268a-4bd7-b256-9b4558c7fe8a · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Onion: A simple and effective defense against textual backdoor attacks,
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 4649bdf0-fd0b-4869-820b-5512b675e5db · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Bddr: An effective defense against textual backdoor attacks,
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation d921fa28-e391-4087-b397-b5434f92bb5c · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Autodefense: Multi-agent llm defense against jailbreak attacks,
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 6ddd9aec-c760-4e2d-b18e-3a1e597539a7 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Prompt infection: Llm-to-llm prompt injection within multi-agent systems,
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation b3929e74-9bcc-4954-a2d1-cae8ee70e8d7 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Red- teaming llm multi-agent systems via communication attacks,
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 66376a72-ab29-4d39-9f60-83e80530e720 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Learning to reason with llms,
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 3d1a3f08-3385-460d-a9f0-845dd27c6607 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Deepseek-r1: Incentivizing reasoning capability in llms via reinforcement learning,
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation cbb581fa-1274-46bf-ac84-7b996a59e361 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Camel: Communicative agents for
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 493e9364-d522-404c-ad77-aabbaa7e6037 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Autogen: Enabling next- gen llm applications via multi-agent conversation framework,
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 0f6ae8ff-7af5-41de-97e3-627bee9f9597 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Improving factuality and reasoning in language models through multiagent debate,
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation c877b110-c8e1-4df4-9ca0-a0eabc3aeb54 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Badnets: Identifying vulnerabilities in the machine learning model supply chain,
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 34dc12d3-da6e-4bda-94f3-ebe25a4e65de · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Badnl: Backdoor attacks against nlp models with semantic-preserving improvements,
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 04d4bda7-b20c-4766-a76a-e8eec46af098 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Backdoor attacks on pre-trained models by layerwise weight poisoning,
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation d2a9ef21-7e1d-40dc-ab69-26523de54ce9 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Prompt injection attack against llm-integrated applications,
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 59123b33-9caa-4537-ac92-70c4cb4c4f18 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Multiagent collaboration attack: Investigating adversarial attacks in large language model collaborations via debate,
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation e15fc68e-04d1-4941-b505-be493a6be431 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Watch out for your agents! investigating backdoor threats to llm-based agents,
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 1aa1bb34-79a0-46b3-b342-01c0a271925f · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Stealthy and persistent unalign- ment on large language models via backdoor injections,
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation c2b3776e-2e3b-455b-a687-d51e7b808945 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Chain-of- scrutiny: Detecting backdoor attacks for large language models,
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation fd5667ad-8266-4e4d-b9dc-5232b3426a8c · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Badchain: Backdoor chain-of-thought prompt- ing for large language models,
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation a1b02cd0-be09-454d-b2cf-fef57cce0bf5 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Measuring massive multitask language understanding,
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 4d63be1c-c9f9-4b3e-84fb-644f2b448cdb · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Common- senseqa: A question answering challenge targeting common- sense knowledge,
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation ba9d9574-ec3b-48de-9c11-d39acebd7e41 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Think you have solved question answering? try arc, the ai2 reasoning challenge,
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation fcc287ef-2512-4e15-906f-5a2bfcfa80a4 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Hello gpt-4o,
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 61f9132c-7aa7-448b-99fe-9810016a0ce1 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Introducing meta llama 3: The most capable openly available llm to date,
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 12ab93b0-cf01-4131-b5d2-9213a809e6d0 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Large language models are zero-shot reasoners,
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation d6c15214-a4c3-4ddb-b6b2-2f434ce63380 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Automatic chain of thought prompting in large language models,
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 71413506-7aaf-483a-a7d7-0d1493e6e865 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models,
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 0ea81c0c-4e32-481d-a845-667ce1d9c461 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation a1ecd085-a495-4bae-a88a-a1705d3ad0ac · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 478cd15f-e2bf-4401-900e-7cf2d1e2207d · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Since the reasoning logically arrives at A (gravitational) being the correct answer, but the agent selects C (electrical), it indicates a significant error in their final choice
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation eb454a30-ace4-4d4d-b1e3-9f7bbc6bf019 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning gravitational: Correctly identified as the principal force that keeps planets in orbit
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 287f6e61-acb8-4e98-9b18-e692fe7a173c · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning gravitational,” which aligns perfectly with the correct understanding of the forces at play in celestial mechanics
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 94afa47e-80a5-4dc2-a70c-8966b4f81e13 · outbound
PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning Thus, there is a clear contradiction: the reasoning leads to the conclusion that ”A
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation edacc772-bfb0-436b-94ec-b99525350db1 · inbound
SoK: Cybersecurity Assessment of Humanoid Ecosystem PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 166fa073-4e01-4383-93e6-481b571c755b · inbound
When Local Monitors Miss Compositional Harm: Diagnosing Distributed Backdoors in Multi-Agent Systems PeerGuard: Defending Multi-Agent Systems Against Backdoor Attacks Through Mutual Reasoning
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.