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Thermal axion production
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Thermal axion production
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We reconsider thermal production of axions in the early universe, including axion couplings to all Standard Model (SM) particles. Concerning the axion coupling to gluons, we find that thermal effects enhance the axion production rate by a factor of few with respect to previous computations performed in the limit of small strong gauge coupling. Furthermore, we find that the top Yukawa coupling induces a much larger axion production rate, unless the axion couples to SM particles only via anomalies.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Axiverse Lampposts
In a hierarchical multi-axion theory with random couplings, axion field ranges shrink with 1/sqrt(N), generic axion–SM couplings are suppressed, but the QCD axion's coupling is unsuppressed.
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Beyond thermal approximations: Precise cosmological bounds on Axion-Like Particles
Solving the momentum-dependent Boltzmann equation and propagating the exact non-thermal ALP spectrum into CMB analyses yields 95% limits f_a>1.63e6 GeV (e), 9.41e6 GeV (mu), 8.06e4 GeV (tau), and g_a_gamma<1.98e-8 GeV^-1.
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Energy and momentum dependence of the soft-axion interaction rate
HTL computation of soft axion rates shows interpolation between k=0 and k≈ω, raising ΔN_eff from ~0.03 to ~0.04 for light QCD axions at fa=4×10^8 GeV.
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CMB-S4 Science Case, Reference Design, and Project Plan
Presents the science case, reference design, and project plan for the CMB-S4 ground-based CMB experiment.
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Axions at the meV Crossroads: Theory, Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Experiments
The meV axion window is presented as a coherent, cross-validated search program in which string theory, stellar cooling, dark matter, and new detector concepts converge on the same mass range.
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Axions as Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Dark Radiation
A mini-review of axion phenomenology showing how light bosons can account for dark matter, drive cosmic acceleration, or contribute to relativistic backgrounds in the early and late Universe.
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