Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models

As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 39 of 39 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2501.15700.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2501.15700 v1

Coverage vector

measured 39 of 39 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.229974Z

measured 40 of 40 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T16:14:56.723126Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-06T16:14:57.302049Z

Reference resolution

39 of 39 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy31
unresolved5
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation ade279e8-1b23-4d21-91a1-7f0412985017 · outbound

This paper cites Plain Language Adaptation of Biomedical Abstracts - A track of TAc 2023; 2023.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Plain Language Adaptation of Biomedical Abstracts - A track of TAc 2023; 2023

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:56.019836Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 056db694-bf09-4970-92f9-5598fb2f6003 · outbound

This paper cites A Dataset for Plain Language Adaptation of Biomedical Abstracts.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models A Dataset for Plain Language Adaptation of Biomedical Abstracts

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:56.003443Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 207fab39-d1c9-414b-bbbb-4c16f25922be · outbound

This paper cites Low Health Literacy and Health Outcomes: An Updated Systematic Review.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Low Health Literacy and Health Outcomes: An Updated Systematic Review

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.987110Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation f6655467-319d-43a5-97fc-55b9b2a232d9 · outbound

This paper cites Determinants of Poor Treatment Adherence among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Limited Health Literacy : A Scoping Review.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Determinants of Poor Treatment Adherence among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Limited Health Literacy : A Scoping Review

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.955364Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation f9a25555-bfce-4f71-b4db-5be9ac6a7fc5 · outbound

This paper cites Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/ healthliteracy/developmaterials/plainlanguage.html.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/ healthliteracy/developmaterials/plainlanguage.html

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.938565Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation b32e1616-a2ea-455f-ac3a-2104157f364a · outbound

This paper cites Available from: https://www.nih.gov/ institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/ clear-communication/plain-language/.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Available from: https://www.nih.gov/ institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/ clear-communication/plain-language/

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.921396Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation a2033dd7-5173-4a9e-a2b8-df1cd14f8cc9 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating breast cancer websites targeting Arabic speakers: empirical inves- tigation of popularity, availability, accessibility, readability, and quality.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Evaluating breast cancer websites targeting Arabic speakers: empirical inves- tigation of popularity, availability, accessibility, readability, and quality

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.902559Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 69ec4395-3dc9-473d-afa9-ffd487f2c1b2 · outbound

This paper cites Readability of Trauma-Related Patient Education Materials From the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Readability of Trauma-Related Patient Education Materials From the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.884140Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 0a5a4ca2-6662-4d71-84d3-0aa5eead42a4 · outbound

This paper cites Readability of Patient-oriented Online Dermatology Resources.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Readability of Patient-oriented Online Dermatology Resources

Reference 9

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.476654Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 50140204-82e6-4051-b901-5d702081cc00 · outbound

This paper cites Readability Assessment of Online Patient Education Material on Congestive Heart Failure.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Readability Assessment of Online Patient Education Material on Congestive Heart Failure

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.866608Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation fd0c5371-5305-469e-9061-0e0a550d44e9 · outbound

This paper cites Readability of patient education materials available at the point of care.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Readability of patient education materials available at the point of care

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.851224Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation df2a493e-a69e-4b0a-ab1d-84f1c82eea48 · outbound

This paper cites The Role of Health Literacy in Diabetes Knowledge, Self-Care, and Glycemic Control: a Meta-analysis.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models The Role of Health Literacy in Diabetes Knowledge, Self-Care, and Glycemic Control: a Meta-analysis

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.835254Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 36f34334-d751-46d5-a805-de8fe81c490f · outbound

This paper cites Misperceptions of medical understanding in low-literacy patients: implications for cancer prevention; 2006.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Misperceptions of medical understanding in low-literacy patients: implications for cancer prevention; 2006

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.819416Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 458f3a03-6925-4557-928d-7ab290735028 · outbound

This paper cites Where are biomedical research plain-language summaries? Health science reports.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Where are biomedical research plain-language summaries? Health science reports

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.804952Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 21bd6a4a-6136-4c77-a61d-6746f943b049 · outbound

This paper cites Plain Language Summaries of Clinical Trial Results: A Preliminary Study to Assess Availability of Easy-to-Understand Summaries and Approaches to Improving Public Engagement.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Plain Language Summaries of Clinical Trial Results: A Preliminary Study to Assess Availability of Easy-to-Understand Summaries and Approaches to Improving Public Engagement

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.786280Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation ef05096c-9f1b-4a40-8f08-f00163bf5541 · outbound

This paper cites Simple and Effective Text Simplification Using Semantic and Neural Methods.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Simple and Effective Text Simplification Using Semantic and Neural Methods

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.768853Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation ca5b90d8-5821-4cf5-945d-eed9e5a9e9b9 · outbound

This paper cites Towards Effective Sentence Simplification for Au- tomatic Processing of Biomedical Text.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Towards Effective Sentence Simplification for Au- tomatic Processing of Biomedical Text

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.751589Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation eede1446-7c57-4069-b17f-c129638eab82 · outbound

This paper cites Paragraph-level Simplification of Medical Texts.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Paragraph-level Simplification of Medical Texts

Reference 18

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.386494Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation ddf5dbc1-efc0-4841-b3ef-a0c5128250e0 · outbound

This paper cites CompLex — A New Corpus for Lexical Complexity Prediction from Likert Scale Data.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models CompLex — A New Corpus for Lexical Complexity Prediction from Likert Scale Data

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.735064Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation c9189462-026e-4bb2-80cd-42fc3b766847 · outbound

This paper cites Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer; 2023.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer; 2023

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.717270Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation b6bdfd82-ea46-489e-9d0a-863bbc482f0e · outbound

This paper cites PEGASUS: Pre-training with Extracted Gap-sentences for Abstractive Summarization.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models PEGASUS: Pre-training with Extracted Gap-sentences for Abstractive Summarization

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.135018Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d26dfe2f-0696-4e68-863a-274a19bb6869 · outbound

This paper cites BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehension.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehension

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.700480Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 27c920fd-e5ca-44a2-967e-9d5c5083537f · outbound

This paper cites Multitask Prompted Training Enables Zero-Shot Task Generalization.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Multitask Prompted Training Enables Zero-Shot Task Generalization

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.685548Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation ec0d556f-832c-4459-b186-3a19ba6f7190 · outbound

This paper cites Finetuned Language Models Are Zero-Shot Learners.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Finetuned Language Models Are Zero-Shot Learners

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.151974Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8d9fdc52-79bb-4a3b-8d43-0485690975bd · outbound

This paper cites Calibrate Before Use: Improving Few-shot Performance of Language Models.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Calibrate Before Use: Improving Few-shot Performance of Language Models

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.670095Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 1fa2ee7a-3734-4545-901c-cc3897cdcd04 · outbound

This paper cites Embracing Large Language Models for Medical Applications: Opportunities and Challenges.; 2023.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Embracing Large Language Models for Medical Applications: Opportunities and Challenges.; 2023

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.650974Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 8265ffc3-34b8-40de-bb82-5f32960e01bd · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge; 2022.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge; 2022

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.635106Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation e9e20eb2-002a-43c4-9c62-caeffa1f7a77 · outbound

This paper cites QLoRA: Efficient Finetuning of Quantized LLMs; 2023.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models QLoRA: Efficient Finetuning of Quantized LLMs; 2023

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.620665Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 22317e2c-cc87-45c0-85ea-7dcf32d59096 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models; 2023.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models; 2023

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.603790Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 3897941f-c0d4-475a-801d-b9a3ae495d14 · outbound

This paper cites Instruction Tuned Models are Quick Learners.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Instruction Tuned Models are Quick Learners

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.180619Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9e51e6b7-0c6b-422a-98c7-bff49a141131 · outbound

This paper cites A Comprehensive Capability Analysis of GPT-3 and GPT-3.5 Series Models.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models A Comprehensive Capability Analysis of GPT-3 and GPT-3.5 Series Models

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.185843Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d9c55687-7a23-4880-9841-a76ee29c1380 · outbound

This paper cites Language Models are Few-Shot Learners.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Language Models are Few-Shot Learners

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.587252Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 8f827e3e-34a5-40d3-bc43-e5f66aede5a9 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.197651Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8b718f18-0ebb-42ec-8e63-d3a3741bafc7 · outbound

This paper cites PLABA data annotation guidelines; 2023.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models PLABA data annotation guidelines; 2023

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.571309Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 839f8138-9f25-462a-ac4e-06700ee65d18 · outbound

This paper cites ROUGE: A Package for Automatic Evaluation of Summaries.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models ROUGE: A Package for Automatic Evaluation of Summaries

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.554256Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 5b40bb08-696f-4ecb-aa04-3a8d01829ee2 · outbound

This paper cites Bleu: a Method for Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Bleu: a Method for Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation

Reference 36

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.537553Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 7b06f09f-e2e6-4e17-9b75-b5732da95c8c · outbound

This paper cites Document-Level Text Simplification: Dataset, Criteria and Baseline.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Document-Level Text Simplification: Dataset, Criteria and Baseline

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.518404Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 3cd31b15-aa4c-4db5-8b5e-49f3996f3489 · outbound

This paper cites PLABA evaluation notes; 2023.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models PLABA evaluation notes; 2023

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.499623Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation a19d2792-6f31-438c-a205-4f7b57d9ddee · outbound

This paper cites Available from: https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/abs/10.7326/ 0003-4819-155-2-201107190-00005.

Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models Available from: https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/abs/10.7326/ 0003-4819-155-2-201107190-00005

Reference 107

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:05:55.970775Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation ec35172f-2c9f-4fed-952b-54d3b7678c81 · inbound

Lessons from the TREC Plain Language Adaptation of Biomedical Abstracts (PLABA) track cites this paper.

Lessons from the TREC Plain Language Adaptation of Biomedical Abstracts (PLABA) track Adapting Biomedical Abstracts into Plain language using Large Language Models

Reference 31

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T16:14:57.308477Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.