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Decoding the phases of early and late time reheating through imprints on primordial gravitational waves

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arxiv 2105.09242 v2 pith:QJOAELUQ submitted 2021-05-19 astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-th

classification astro-ph.COgr-qchep-th
keywords reheatingprimordialparameterphasedecayduringeffectsexamine
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Primordial gravitational waves (GWs) carry the imprints of the dynamics of the universe during its earliest stages. With a variety of GW detectors being proposed to operate over a wide range of frequencies, there is great expectation that observations of primordial GWs can provide us with an unprecedented window to the physics operating during inflation and reheating. In this work, we closely examine the effects of the regime of reheating on the spectrum of primordial GWs observed today. We consider a scenario wherein the phase of reheating is described by an averaged equation of state (EoS) parameter with an abrupt transition to radiation domination as well as a scenario wherein there is a gradual change in the effective EoS parameter to that of radiation due to the perturbative decay of the inflaton. We show that the perturbative decay of the inflaton leads to oscillations in the spectrum of GWs, which, if observed, can possibly help us decipher finer aspects of the reheating mechanism. We also examine the effects of a secondary phase of reheating arising due to a brief epoch driven possibly by an exotic, non-canonical, scalar field. Interestingly, we find that, for suitable values of the EoS parameter governing the secondary phase of reheating, the GWs can be of the strength as suggested by the recent NANOGrav observations. We conclude with a discussion of the wider implications of our analysis.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Leptogenesis with sub-electroweak-scale reheating temperature

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Leptogenesis remains viable for reheating temperatures below sphaleron freeze-out in three perturbative monomial-inflaton scenarios, with blue-tilted primordial GWs as a potential probe.

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    Power-law plateau inflation can sit inside the 1 sigma region of ACT DR6, but the reheating bound from gravitational waves forces the total number of e-folds N_k below about 62.

  4. Flipped Rotating Axion Non-minimally Coupled to Gravity: Baryogenesis and Dark Matter

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    A rotating axion, kicked into motion by a sign flip in its gravitational effective potential during kination, can co-generate baryon asymmetry and dark matter in a Majoron seesaw model.

  5. Minimal Plateau Inflation in light of ACT DR6 Observations

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    A minimal plateau inflation model with exponent n=2 and matter-like reheating remains consistent with the latest CMB datasets at both 1σ and 2σ, while stiffer reheating scenarios are increasingly disfavored.

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