Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains

As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 33 of 33 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2411.14647.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2411.14647 v1

Coverage vector

measured 33 of 33 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.371454Z

measured 33 of 33 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

33 of 33 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy2
unresolved31
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 561a5a2f-a2f2-4d5c-af14-a52e1ce3d98a · outbound

This paper cites https://testportal.gov.ua/zagalna-informatsiya-zno/ External independent evaluation.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains https://testportal.gov.ua/zagalna-informatsiya-zno/ External independent evaluation

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:23.377037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation ea5e35be-0d76-4078-a3a3-f91316af0374 · outbound

This paper cites https://osvita.ua/test/ Osvita.ua test portal.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains https://osvita.ua/test/ Osvita.ua test portal

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:23.353314Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 81b7ff05-7d17-43b6-b49c-45e92713b04f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:23.329110Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 03dfd255-b54e-4aea-974d-f3e97d1761e2 · outbound

This paper cites Pixtral 12B.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Pixtral 12B

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.129913Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 93cd4026-19da-4a35-964b-9ab2086872e1 · outbound

This paper cites GQA: Training Generalized Multi-Query Transformer Models from Multi-Head Checkpoints.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains GQA: Training Generalized Multi-Query Transformer Models from Multi-Head Checkpoints

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.139397Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 60c5283b-a8b2-43c0-ac06-22c54a0faeb0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.148259Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5839cfd3-9653-4ae2-a981-4e8d3120ddd4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:23.282637Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation a225c330-91e5-41f3-97b3-c88c5ea1d320 · outbound

This paper cites VQA: Visual Question Answering.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains VQA: Visual Question Answering

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.165860Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e153423c-3354-4599-851d-caef0e509d18 · outbound

This paper cites PaliGemma: A versatile 3B VLM for transfer.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains PaliGemma: A versatile 3B VLM for transfer

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.173133Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3b89bbb5-8e63-4e69-86e6-a02dd8ac0933 · outbound

This paper cites MaXM: Towards Multilingual Visual Question Answering.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains MaXM: Towards Multilingual Visual Question Answering

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.180672Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c3bba619-bcd9-4cc4-a9b3-10990441d447 · outbound

This paper cites BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.188357Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation be1412e1-6720-42ec-811c-8c5a814bce3e · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.195618Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e8869f0a-a022-4774-8e7a-56e2b6d41bd0 · outbound

This paper cites CLEVR: A Diagnostic Dataset for Compositional Language and Elementary Visual Reasoning.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains CLEVR: A Diagnostic Dataset for Compositional Language and Elementary Visual Reasoning

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.206643Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5fb9046a-df42-4aad-849b-275cff7a27cf · outbound

This paper cites From Bytes to Borsch: Fine-Tuning Gemma and Mistral for the Ukrainian Language Representation.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains From Bytes to Borsch: Fine-Tuning Gemma and Mistral for the Ukrainian Language Representation

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.215613Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 73c6bab0-5d52-489b-aca8-fbe311e068c2 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on Benchmarks of Multimodal Large Language Models.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains A Survey on Benchmarks of Multimodal Large Language Models

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.227368Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 00e833ee-6634-417e-acee-5e334d9a4732 · outbound

This paper cites OCRBench: On the Hidden Mystery of OCR in Large Multimodal Models.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains OCRBench: On the Hidden Mystery of OCR in Large Multimodal Models

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.240417Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d1404a8c-1ae5-4e12-93e7-fde959c35336 · outbound

This paper cites Benchmarking Vision Language Models for Cultural Understanding.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Benchmarking Vision Language Models for Cultural Understanding

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.247818Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5cc4e4de-ad1e-484d-a9d5-2ae23482d869 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4o System Card.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains GPT-4o System Card

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.255835Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f2bc833a-4670-489f-9283-ec5c2ba20541 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:23.252583Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 8a88b41d-9a4d-4505-9bfc-963378c4bf20 · outbound

This paper cites Translation Deserves Better: Analyzing Translation Artifacts in Cross-lingual Visual Question Answering.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Translation Deserves Better: Analyzing Translation Artifacts in Cross-lingual Visual Question Answering

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.274912Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c6e29f7b-b19d-45a8-91ec-523c97f8a1a1 · outbound

This paper cites xGQA: Cross-Lingual Visual Question Answering.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains xGQA: Cross-Lingual Visual Question Answering

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.281715Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e4ecfe68-ee7e-4a01-ace5-d7094d3fc785 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.289234Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fdcd5f93-2c86-42dc-8d87-ea49ca8ac838 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:23.195204Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation eeeda901-e70e-47e6-9427-be976f268536 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.304795Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 48ec6e9d-9244-4f24-9c9f-bd330d9fa68d · outbound

This paper cites A-OKVQA: A Benchmark for Visual Question Answering using World Knowledge.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains A-OKVQA: A Benchmark for Visual Question Answering using World Knowledge

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.312297Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eeabc5e8-790e-44f6-a242-f211dd4973b1 · outbound

This paper cites Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.320635Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0ab22214-a32f-4c57-b211-1178c7bf3efa · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolution.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolution

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.330571Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c69692d3-f900-49d7-863d-2647a0161faf · outbound

This paper cites WorldCuisines: A Massive-Scale Benchmark for Multilingual and Multicultural Visual Question Answering on Global Cuisines.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains WorldCuisines: A Massive-Scale Benchmark for Multilingual and Multicultural Visual Question Answering on Global Cuisines

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.336703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ead86c83-1c45-487e-9254-9c9c10ce0629 · outbound

This paper cites MMMU: A Massive Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding and Reasoning Benchmark for Expert AGI.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains MMMU: A Massive Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding and Reasoning Benchmark for Expert AGI

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.343744Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9b9ca4e0-853c-4de0-ae91-aee0d44ed2b8 · outbound

This paper cites BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERT.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERT

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.350015Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 743a97b6-4d50-4b34-a485-9a603a06a74a · outbound

This paper cites Visual7W: Grounded Question Answering in Images.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains Visual7W: Grounded Question Answering in Images

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.356872Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation de617f9e-7ac6-4281-a6a1-2c4cb9e3bd93 · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.363140Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2d5be6d9-959b-440b-93d8-67c4f9000adb · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Ukrainian Language Understanding Across Academic and Cultural Domains write newline

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T15:06:22.371454Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.