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Photon number conservation and the large-scale 21 cm power spectrum in semi-numerical models of reionization

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arxiv 1807.00836 v2 pith:UOPQQGTD submitted 2018-07-02 astro-ph.CO

classification astro-ph.CO
keywords photonmodelsionizationmapssemi-numericalalgorithmbiasbubbles
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Semi-numerical models of the reionization of neutral hydrogen (HI) based on the excursion set (ES) approach are known to violate photon number conservation at the few per cent level. In this work, we highlight a more severe, previously unrecognized shortcoming of ES models: the large-scale 21 cm power spectrum (equivalently, HI bias b_HI) is a relatively strong function of the spatial resolution used to generate ES ionization maps. We trace this problem to the fact that photon non-conservation in these models arises from a resolution-dependent mixture of spatially resolved, photon non-conserving bubbles, and partially ionized grid cells which are perfectly photon-conserving by construction. We argue that this inevitably leads to a resolution-dependence of b_HI, with the correct, converged value only emerging at very coarse resolution. Quantitatively, we find that b_HI can be non-converged by as much as ~20-25% in conservative ES implementations with grid sizes Delta x=5-10 cMpc/h, even when photon non-conservation is as small as ~3-4%. Thus, although numerically efficient, ES ionization maps coarse enough to produce a converged HI bias would wash out all topological features of the ionization field at scales k>~0.05 h/cMpc. We therefore present a new, explicitly photon conserving (PC) semi-numerical algorithm which distributes photons isotropically around sources while also accounting for anisotropic overlaps between nearby bubbles. Our PC algorithm predicts a resolution-independent value of b_HI consistent with the result of low-resolution ES maps, thus serving as a useful compromise between standard ES implementations and more expensive radiative transfer simulations.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. OpenAlex reports about 50 citations worldwide. Full citation record

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    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

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    A review chapter on tools for inferring galaxy and IGM properties from the 21 cm signal using the initial SKA-Low array configuration.

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    Overview of SKA-Low 21cm experiments for high-redshift cosmology, covering power spectra, tomography, 21cm forest, cross-correlations, and key telescope features.

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