Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics

As of 21 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 45 of 45 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2504.20183.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2504.20183 v1

Coverage vector

measured 45 of 45 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.540352Z

measured 47 of 47 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T15:14:14.439399Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-06T20:10:16.023784Z

Reference resolution

45 of 45 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy6
unresolved36
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation d0f71951-5ec4-43bb-a5fd-1583d730a6a1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:55.275693Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 3aa0701f-3724-4fd4-b93e-0f8dd62e6184 · outbound

This paper cites Benchmarking in Optimization: Best Practice and Open Issues.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Benchmarking in Optimization: Best Practice and Open Issues

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:52.766499Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b6b1ba5a-8c15-43b2-809c-15a772271ddd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:55.259972Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 5ae546cc-05b1-4124-a352-eab4acad7dd0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:52.774800Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7447e55e-856d-4d97-86b4-bb90e281a044 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:52.779767Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9a9f1bae-71c5-45ce-bdc4-86935afff73f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:55.231325Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 8de9c806-3033-4ceb-9f75-bc5ef649bdd2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:52.795419Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ffbac87f-d468-4c47-9b51-744fd696ce59 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:55.181237Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation a8aeef00-3dfd-4bfe-99df-d4974c35eea5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:55.136029Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 8ad23d4b-4e3c-4112-a8b5-ba204eda8ecc · outbound

This paper cites Liang, B.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Liang, B

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:55.120539Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation c60c7ec6-7a85-469f-bb7a-5ca6a83fb763 · outbound

This paper cites Liang, B.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Liang, B

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:55.105136Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 651cdb7c-fe27-4428-b8d8-7e34a0f3695f · outbound

This paper cites Liang, B.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Liang, B

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:55.086897Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 74d3442a-5198-4e63-aed5-986149fcd56d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:52.978825Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9afd74d7-39de-433b-8acf-d0cac34b316a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.032295Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9eac1c0b-375a-456c-bc30-7d6baf0c1d17 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:54.994094Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 8c9d6b4b-ca55-46b7-b878-72b888602c67 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.046640Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 221752c3-7770-4e7f-ad1f-ba5e4fe96101 · outbound

This paper cites Kononova.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Kononova

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:54.937287Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 1a8915cd-eb2a-4d70-8176-f627958ece0c · outbound

This paper cites arXiv:2410.14716 [cs.LG] https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.14716.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics arXiv:2410.14716 [cs.LG] https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.14716

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.041886Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a8ccd2c7-e77e-4b85-b1c3-dcc3e5173fea · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.060894Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 34b7e478-d783-44aa-9042-42a13b77f7bf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.098943Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4ecb550e-b7c8-4914-8013-7750b0b222c8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.056413Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c68011f4-4585-4805-8377-3c8093a6a8f8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:54.857415Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 38c73595-29b5-485e-b070-bee6bacdca02 · outbound

This paper cites Beyond the Hype: Benchmarking LLM-Evolved Heuristics for Bin Packing.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Beyond the Hype: Benchmarking LLM-Evolved Heuristics for Bin Packing

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.253639Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 68ed712f-3002-408e-8dd1-fa9c69803c07 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.169590Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3fb64717-23f1-4e91-8d32-c5fedc707f0f · outbound

This paper cites Critical current of a Josephson junction containing a conical magnet.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Critical current of a Josephson junction containing a conical magnet

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.236945Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 70f58cb8-26b8-4493-826e-15dee1d58bd1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.273974Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 966529af-2131-4892-b111-32655b4c25fd · outbound

This paper cites Nature 625 (01 2024), 468–475.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Nature 625 (01 2024), 468–475

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:54.689470Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation b84d5d6a-82d5-4819-99f7-64963148b15e · outbound

This paper cites Code Evolution Graphs: Understanding Large Language Model Driven Design of Algorithms.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Code Evolution Graphs: Understanding Large Language Model Driven Design of Algorithms

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.338766Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a8345f4b-a01d-4541-8271-5343edac73eb · outbound

This paper cites AutoSAT: Automatically Optimize SAT Solvers via Large Language Models.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics AutoSAT: Automatically Optimize SAT Solvers via Large Language Models

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.260289Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b0fbf84b-af40-4f54-b308-4a11e8844254 · outbound

This paper cites Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.267895Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 78f90bed-36ed-487f-8f08-b5f3d68f7889 · outbound

This paper cites Kononova, and Thomas Bäck.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Kononova, and Thomas Bäck

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.499691Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9505ddd0-c4b8-4efb-b2be-ef39cd780fc9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.843898Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 75f94a1f-6aa5-477d-9af7-5abfa208b91b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:54.675401Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 6c72fbb6-b242-4882-830a-e9a5b029d4aa · outbound

This paper cites In-the-loop Hyper-Parameter Optimization for LLM-Based Automated Design of Heuristics.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics In-the-loop Hyper-Parameter Optimization for LLM-Based Automated Design of Heuristics

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.423978Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 228de9a6-6f7a-4a96-a641-a24279e8d33f · outbound

This paper cites Kononova, and Thomas Bäck.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Kononova, and Thomas Bäck

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.495102Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f50b2201-a3e2-4326-89fa-70f0777a5b19 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.520664Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 569ff509-a526-40f6-8729-6f43f59bd252 · outbound

This paper cites Kononova.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Kononova

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.503665Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e1949aa0-28d9-4d02-bd87-a087cc81dd66 · outbound

This paper cites Controlling the Mutation in Large Language Models for the Efficient Evolution of Algorithms.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Controlling the Mutation in Large Language Models for the Efficient Evolution of Algorithms

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.535446Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 439724b5-9cf9-48a3-a7bc-5387f0064bc9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:54.662678Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 2c83dc2d-e1e9-42f2-9d67-8052f895b370 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.515860Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2269a2a7-1d2f-48e9-b87a-54249ce39b5d · outbound

This paper cites ACM Transactions on Evolutionary Learning and Optimization 2, 1 (apr 2022), 29 pages.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics ACM Transactions on Evolutionary Learning and Optimization 2, 1 (apr 2022), 29 pages

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:53.525328Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1aff22ed-f333-49d4-8304-64b86e4b6d97 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:54.639777Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 304b8347-fcfe-4ffa-a361-5eb3e811b851 · outbound

This paper cites Optimizing Photonic Structures with Large Language Model Driven Algorithm Discovery.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Optimizing Photonic Structures with Large Language Model Driven Algorithm Discovery

Reference 45

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:54.019662Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation ee90f155-33ed-464a-a4b6-7d536673dba8 · outbound

This paper cites Journal of Machine Learning Research 23, 54 (2022), 1–9.

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics Journal of Machine Learning Research 23, 54 (2022), 1–9

Reference 2022

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:55.053450Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 0fe79312-771e-4348-9f9e-9adbde7556b8 · outbound

This paper cites In Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (Melbourne, VIC, Australia) (GECCO ’24).

BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics In Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (Melbourne, VIC, Australia) (GECCO ’24)

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:52.785133Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 1c6d5e5d-21cb-42d5-ae47-79dc1ff35f12 · inbound

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications cites this paper.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics

Reference 104

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:14:14.439399Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 20d578ae-9ba9-4bbd-bb66-223f42fa6d72 · inbound

Behaviour Space Analysis of LLM-driven Meta-heuristic Discovery cites this paper.

Behaviour Space Analysis of LLM-driven Meta-heuristic Discovery BLADE: Benchmark suite for LLM-driven Automated Design and Evolution of iterative optimisation heuristics

Reference 27

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T20:10:16.095311Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.