Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.471329Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid
As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 49 of 49 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2608.09207.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
Reference resolution
49 of 49 outbound references displayed
- verified exact0
- verified fuzzy24
- unresolved25
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier0
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation a45d532a-a8e5-4d7e-8cbf-08ade8ee2239 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.295541Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bd4e71b3-d37f-43bd-bcfe-456f15d5b9d9 · outbound
This paper cites Rachel and R.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Rachel and R
Reference 2
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:23.025011Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 668e7bc5-b1f7-459d-96a4-1bb9cb42bab6 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 3
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.304867Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation eed38047-56f3-4c9c-80c9-8f18928fec9c · outbound
This paper cites Nadj -Perge, I.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Nadj -Perge, I
Reference 4
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:23.003869Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 66cd5776-3183-407e-b0b0-fb6c27ff3467 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.992831Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 33835bb0-7c16-4584-a8f0-f08b57bd48fd · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.982380Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation cdaf91dd-d52b-4821-9ec5-fac803753376 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.971770Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 9f354fce-00a9-46b7-8491-93c2afcacdd4 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 8
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.961278Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 95658fea-e2a0-44ff-9e17-38fb9a017d22 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 9
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.950799Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 01fd6914-bb6c-4754-a394-fd02b118ecc4 · outbound
This paper cites Schneider, P.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Schneider, P
Reference 10
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.939502Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 8ce67d82-3a5e-4ee2-85e1-64670b0ddcce · outbound
This paper cites Palacio -Morales, E.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Palacio -Morales, E
Reference 11
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.927966Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 64494bd0-0c0e-4c76-8b1a-443dee0ddea2 · outbound
This paper cites Kezilebieke, M.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Kezilebieke, M
Reference 12
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.917428Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 24a91f30-3691-416c-8484-84e123f81bee · outbound
This paper cites Bazarnik, R.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Bazarnik, R
Reference 13
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.906379Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 357908d4-014f-4337-80d4-1c87a5b30a31 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 14
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.895448Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 410b3ed3-1245-420a-bcd2-f2905c069a16 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 15
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.884029Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation d057360e-4092-41f2-9fc6-6ab3e39fc6f0 · outbound
This paper cites Garnier, A.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Garnier, A
Reference 16
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.872766Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 83e48898-6bdf-4e1d-913c-02c71f72cd5c · outbound
This paper cites Mascot, J.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Mascot, J
Reference 17
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.861824Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation f28d3001-de62-4abe-b31a-f375d14504b8 · outbound
This paper cites Steffensen, M.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Steffensen, M
Reference 18
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.850639Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 52931786-5f11-4730-9a7d-f6672a3c4960 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 19
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.840369Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 2bb2c743-97ec-48fd-b3b4-661e27a58cbf · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 20
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.829943Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation de99f19e-5547-4008-adf9-1defa66e62e7 · outbound
This paper cites Güngördü, S.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Güngördü, S
Reference 21
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.818663Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 92bd1d58-f910-43c7-9da5-f27369ddd213 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 22
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.807697Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 346e81c6-03eb-443a-ae1e-e68f537dc05b · outbound
This paper cites Nakosai, Y.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Nakosai, Y
Reference 23
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.797248Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 350b3ac5-6ce1-495c-b95d-ab4534a9abd1 · outbound
This paper cites Chen and A.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Chen and A
Reference 24
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.786719Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 58e2df41-bf5e-4209-a58e-d215e750aa3b · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 25
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.777289Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 7dc99cb4-8386-43bc-add0-fb1933dbebaf · outbound
This paper cites Romming, C.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Romming, C
Reference 26
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.767294Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation be05d29d-dbe4-4041-858d-a05d6233fea3 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.757346Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation bf497ecb-f7cb-49d4-b73b-ff98bba8cbaa · outbound
This paper cites Casiraghi, H.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Casiraghi, H
Reference 28
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.745213Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 8f62f331-45b1-45c6-8169-54ed5e66e682 · outbound
This paper cites Woo et al., Observation of room-temperature magnetic skyrmions and their current-driven dynamics in ultrathin metallic ferromagnets, Nature Mater 15, 501 (2016).
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Woo et al., Observation of room-temperature magnetic skyrmions and their current-driven dynamics in ultrathin metallic ferromagnets, Nature Mater 15, 501 (2016)
Reference 29
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.733517Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 41019ae9-bdbc-4883-8540-5b14bd8d34ba · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 30
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.722120Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation ffdc0d3b-d19e-4d24-9091-832407d4a35a · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 31
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.710912Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation af0884b9-709f-47d6-8cb5-42c66beb2980 · outbound
This paper cites Boulle et al., Room -temperature chiral magnetic skyrmions in ultrathin magnetic nanostructures, Nature Nanotech 11, 449 (2016).
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Boulle et al., Room -temperature chiral magnetic skyrmions in ultrathin magnetic nanostructures, Nature Nanotech 11, 449 (2016)
Reference 32
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.698988Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 84139dda-8998-4984-b176-383985707ca2 · outbound
This paper cites Moreau -Luchaire et al., Additive interfacial chiral interaction in multilayers for stabilization of small individual skyrmions at room temperature, Nature Nanotech 11, 444 (2016).
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Moreau -Luchaire et al., Additive interfacial chiral interaction in multilayers for stabilization of small individual skyrmions at room temperature, Nature Nanotech 11, 444 (2016)
Reference 33
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.687476Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation a49c5b50-07e3-4d69-850e-2eee3f483860 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.675934Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 378a5891-4ee8-4f1d-96b3-7aeac6a7181f · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 35
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.664758Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation c06aa547-b570-4203-90d1-1a24aa178f9f · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 36
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.654290Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 9e47fe99-c745-49f6-a92d-5c5d13297fd7 · outbound
This paper cites Heinze, K.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Heinze, K
Reference 37
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.642831Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation e3dcd44c-1dd6-4563-bb71-ec30bc81c416 · outbound
This paper cites Kubetzka, J.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Kubetzka, J
Reference 38
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.632841Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 0019d620-86bc-4ff9-8730-da8930caf88d · outbound
This paper cites Spethmann, E.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Spethmann, E
Reference 39
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.623512Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 22006df4-1728-4ce1-b247-5bd1d64e2997 · outbound
This paper cites Hervé, B.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Hervé, B
Reference 40
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.612302Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 01473b0f-8491-4021-b43b-030450b0fc52 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 41
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.600941Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 1dae8f1b-7e8d-4ffc-928e-f79c7bc4679e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 42
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.589895Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation f50ce7d4-69e5-4356-a512-1249dfd8f27f · outbound
This paper cites Meng et al., Buckled Silicene Formation on Ir(111), Nano Lett.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Meng et al., Buckled Silicene Formation on Ir(111), Nano Lett
Reference 43
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.578176Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation fa00ff8b-47a5-4cf4-86b0-3e37580c53e9 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 44
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.564904Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 9c1e4f28-5295-4334-95c5-9de73b7a6d7f · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.551185Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation fa9776c0-877b-4232-a2d4-5f63f4ff48c3 · outbound
This paper cites Li et al., Observation of In-Gap States in a Two-Dimensional CrI2/NbSe2 Heterostructure, Nano Lett.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Li et al., Observation of In-Gap States in a Two-Dimensional CrI2/NbSe2 Heterostructure, Nano Lett
Reference 46
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.538349Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation afc95bcc-66cd-43a4-b2dd-d786d356db70 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 47
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.526682Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation b5e7a519-e312-462f-9eff-6b4592c82dc2 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Unresolved cited work
Reference 48
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.514824Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation f6467804-2b2d-482d-9bc6-85f81e4f5acf · outbound
This paper cites Advanced Imaging of Matter.
Exchange-induced suppression of superconductivity in a nano-skyrmion lattice - superconductor hybrid Advanced Imaging of Matter
Reference 49
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T21:29:22.503199Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Pith citing papers
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.