Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:36.418051Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark
As of 21 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 38 of 38 outbound references and 4 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2502.04901.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T11:42:18.341300Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-15T17:31:22.419510Z
Reference resolution
38 of 38 outbound references displayed
- verified exact0
- verified fuzzy24
- unresolved14
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier0
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation 015d373e-9f7b-4526-b3b6-fb250b263742 · outbound
This paper cites Generate takes the input size m, output size n, and the security parameter λ, outputting the robust embedding function in time poly(λ).
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Generate takes the input size m, output size n, and the security parameter λ, outputting the robust embedding function in time poly(λ)
Reference 1
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.874782Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 0cb740a1-d12c-4950-9306-596bef7a68e1 · outbound
This paper cites The function Embed : {0, 1}m → {0, 1}n takes an arbitrary object x and maps it to a discrete point in the embedding space e.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark The function Embed : {0, 1}m → {0, 1}n takes an arbitrary object x and maps it to a discrete point in the embedding space e
Reference 2
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.864570Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation ae8044bb-0d93-46bb-b36c-bea035e66b15 · outbound
This paper cites The function Compare : {0, 1}n × {0, 1}n → {0, 1} takes two embed- dings x and y and outputs a single bit b such that b is true when x and y are similar, and false otherwise.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark The function Compare : {0, 1}n × {0, 1}n → {0, 1} takes two embed- dings x and y and outputs a single bit b such that b is true when x and y are similar, and false otherwise
Reference 3
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.854189Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 3248dca8-1b3e-4006-97ec-5d2d0c9321c2 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:38.602215Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 306aa7dc-0b77-4fcb-bb31-66ce32d2a76f · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:37.659586Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 737e02be-f51c-4174-8ee9-162616efe205 · outbound
This paper cites For all x and transformations T ∈ T, Pr Compare(Embed(x), Embed(T (x))) = true : Embed, Compare ← Generate(1λ, m, n,T ) ≥ 1 − ϵ.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark For all x and transformations T ∈ T, Pr Compare(Embed(x), Embed(T (x))) = true : Embed, Compare ← Generate(1λ, m, n,T ) ≥ 1 − ϵ
Reference 6
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.843905Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation d0ce536c-92c0-4840-9dfb-9ba6ed735198 · outbound
This paper cites For any choice of x, it must be that Pr Compare(Embed(x), Embed(x∗)) = true ∧ x∗ ̸∈ Γ(x) : Embed, Compare ← Generate(1λ, m, n,T ) x∗ ← AEmbed(·)(m, n,T , x) ≤ ϵ.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark For any choice of x, it must be that Pr Compare(Embed(x), Embed(x∗)) = true ∧ x∗ ̸∈ Γ(x) : Embed, Compare ← Generate(1λ, m, n,T ) x∗ ← AEmbed(·)(m, n,T , x) ≤ ϵ
Reference 7
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.782703Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation a7c1ad09-94bd-4c3e-a0b0-e5dadb683776 · outbound
This paper cites Takes in the target security bits number λ and outputs a fresh secret key sk and public key pk pair in time poly(λ).
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Takes in the target security bits number λ and outputs a fresh secret key sk and public key pk pair in time poly(λ)
Reference 8
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.736290Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 13456604-5de9-4c39-8170-fb348a964b1a · outbound
This paper cites Given the secret key sk and a object to signx, Sign computes σ ∈ {0, 1}δ: a signature of sk on x.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Given the secret key sk and a object to signx, Sign computes σ ∈ {0, 1}δ: a signature of sk on x
Reference 9
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.726299Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation e74c6543-1885-4e83-8b41-d0562488f3e6 · outbound
This paper cites Given a public key pk, object x, and signature σ, Verify checks if σ is a valid signature of the corresponding secret key of pk on x and encodes the result into one bit b.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Given a public key pk, object x, and signature σ, Verify checks if σ is a valid signature of the corresponding secret key of pk on x and encodes the result into one bit b
Reference 10
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.696296Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 778c2dd3-ebed-47c7-bbf5-3d57e0a5093b · outbound
This paper cites It holds that for all x, Pr Verify(pk, x,Sign(sk, x)) = true : (sk, pk) ← Generate(1λ) ≥ 1 − negl(λ).
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark It holds that for all x, Pr Verify(pk, x,Sign(sk, x)) = true : (sk, pk) ← Generate(1λ) ≥ 1 − negl(λ)
Reference 11
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.634520Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 41815e63-beaa-465b-8b41-2b6f7cf44c47 · outbound
This paper cites Let X denote the set of oracle queries that the adversary makes to Sign(sk, ·).
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Let X denote the set of oracle queries that the adversary makes to Sign(sk, ·)
Reference 12
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.622792Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 36bcc254-77f8-4725-9dc3-bcc92955edbe · outbound
This paper cites Takes in the target security bits number λ, the capacity size in bits c, and the set of possible transformations T and outputs the encode and decode algorithms in time poly(λ).
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Takes in the target security bits number λ, the capacity size in bits c, and the set of possible transformations T and outputs the encode and decode algorithms in time poly(λ)
Reference 13
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.557558Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation eea21034-8690-48df-a870-d4a2b70297a6 · outbound
This paper cites Given a message m such that m ∈ {0, 1}c and target object x, Encode plants m a watermark in x producing x′.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Given a message m such that m ∈ {0, 1}c and target object x, Encode plants m a watermark in x producing x′
Reference 14
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.499031Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation d639a99d-bf43-46eb-bc97-eb282fb970f2 · outbound
This paper cites Given a potentially watermarked object x∗, Decode recovers m ∈ {0, 1}c if it exists.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Given a potentially watermarked object x∗, Decode recovers m ∈ {0, 1}c if it exists
Reference 15
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.487989Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 4cfe7893-dca6-4c80-8d55-83b8caa8833f · outbound
This paper cites For all choices of x, m, and T , Pr Decode(T (Encode(x, m))) = m : Encode, Decode ← Generate(1λ, c,T ) ≥ 1 − ϵ.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark For all choices of x, m, and T , Pr Decode(T (Encode(x, m))) = m : Encode, Decode ← Generate(1λ, c,T ) ≥ 1 − ϵ
Reference 16
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.477829Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 41e8897f-530a-4891-9aa3-1eb9a2b75d4b · outbound
This paper cites Let X be the list of object queries that A makes to the decoding oracle and let Γ(X) be the set containing all neighboring query objects.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Let X be the list of object queries that A makes to the decoding oracle and let Γ(X) be the set containing all neighboring query objects
Reference 17
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.467028Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 5cee2632-5993-4135-83e0-f566c5ed6cdb · outbound
This paper cites Takes in the security parameter λ and outputs a fresh secret key sk and public key pk pair.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Takes in the security parameter λ and outputs a fresh secret key sk and public key pk pair
Reference 18
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.299611Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 76ddb660-8138-4d7a-a476-7a33ca841995 · outbound
This paper cites Given a secret key sk and target object x, Watermark plants a watermark in x under sk producing x′.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Given a secret key sk and target object x, Watermark plants a watermark in x under sk producing x′
Reference 19
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.278288Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation ab3a9e3f-d408-4713-a9aa-445ac22e86e1 · outbound
This paper cites Given a potentially watermarked object x∗, Detect checks if there is valid watermark under the corresponding secret key to pk.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Given a potentially watermarked object x∗, Detect checks if there is valid watermark under the corresponding secret key to pk
Reference 20
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.268368Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 2faef3ea-74b7-4166-9757-74bb9a71974c · outbound
This paper cites It holds that for all x, Pr Detect(pk, T(Watermark(sk, x))) = true : (sk, pk) ← Generate(1λ) ≥ 1 − ϵ.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark It holds that for all x, Pr Detect(pk, T(Watermark(sk, x))) = true : (sk, pk) ← Generate(1λ) ≥ 1 − ϵ
Reference 21
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.257725Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 219bee6c-6ce4-4f4c-af11-6545c772d29a · outbound
This paper cites Let X denote the set of oracle queries that the adversary makes to Watermark(sk, ·).
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Let X denote the set of oracle queries that the adversary makes to Watermark(sk, ·)
Reference 22
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.165693Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation d98bb99c-1296-40fd-b57b-a166191a76e5 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 23
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:38.963551Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 6188c2bf-1616-4d55-a503-bd53be39ac20 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 24
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:38.822069Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 835741bd-a06a-414c-a8d8-65c7162a52fc · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 25
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:38.716827Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 005c80e9-bb78-4492-9620-c96582b6fc18 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:38.462512Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation faee4dfa-c102-43c2-8bdc-149002e168de · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 28
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:38.282661Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 362d4aef-e242-4bf8-93ae-8a2410805cff · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 29
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:38.149805Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 56400a24-544f-456b-900a-d7dc49018ea3 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 30
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:37.926025Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation d75289c9-29e7-42c8-9468-6156b38ae47b · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:37.492871Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation b6376957-f803-48ef-b356-24ac1aeaf4ea · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 33
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:37.404864Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation ebe514a8-4619-469e-a1f9-8ec545f4cf79 · outbound
This paper cites Similarly, we construct AREF that breaks the collision-resistance of the underlying robust embedding function as follows: Construction of AREF.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Similarly, we construct AREF that breaks the collision-resistance of the underlying robust embedding function as follows: Construction of AREF
Reference 34
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:37.250825Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 4a36b757-8d57-414c-b366-eab9aec92270 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 35
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:37.047503Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 1ab2f223-0645-4811-bde3-510e1c097768 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 36
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:36.831053Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 185dad13-2793-46cb-b7d0-428210e8b973 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Unresolved cited work
Reference 37
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:36.644217Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 314a65d7-8ddf-4125-8fc1-286c19036996 · outbound
This paper cites cropped and affine-transformed.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark cropped and affine-transformed
Reference 38
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:36.512065Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 33c713cd-a30a-469a-8f82-a1105d487009 · outbound
This paper cites Their techniques formed the backbone of Shazam [Wang, 2006].
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark Their techniques formed the backbone of Shazam [Wang, 2006]
Reference 2003
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.998858Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 4115d847-6bf9-4e7d-98c2-ef84f0b7d69f · outbound
This paper cites granularity.
On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark granularity
Reference 2019
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T21:08:39.936665Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Pith citing papers
Observation 556cc687-9141-4f0e-9530-bd36d60fbb2b · inbound
Gaussian Shading++: Rethinking the Realistic Deployment Challenge of Performance-Lossless Image Watermark for Diffusion Models cites this paper.
Gaussian Shading++: Rethinking the Realistic Deployment Challenge of Performance-Lossless Image Watermark for Diffusion Models On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark
Reference 2025
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T11:42:18.341300Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 80ea73a6-e442-4961-9301-4e70987a0b71 · inbound
README: Robust Error-Aware Digital Signature Framework via Deep Watermarking Model cites this paper.
README: Robust Error-Aware Digital Signature Framework via Deep Watermarking Model On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark
Reference 11
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:52:37.864596Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f0948a6d-d1a2-48c6-bf2f-59b83e041bf1 · inbound
First-Place Solution to NeurIPS 2024 Invisible Watermark Removal Challenge cites this paper.
First-Place Solution to NeurIPS 2024 Invisible Watermark Removal Challenge On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark
Reference 12
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T14:40:54.353684Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0ecaad5c-cc04-4353-a7a6-777a3ea4eefb · inbound
Authenticated Contradictions from Desynchronized Provenance and Watermarking cites this paper.
Authenticated Contradictions from Desynchronized Provenance and Watermarking On the Difficulty of Constructing a Robust and Publicly-Detectable Watermark
Reference 18
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T17:31:22.423059Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.