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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 109 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2412.16352.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.16352 v6

Coverage vector

measured 100 of 109 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.072888Z

measured 101 of 101 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.780796Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.268559Z

Reference resolution

100 of 109 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact3
  • verified fuzzy4
  • unresolved93
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation dd50a9b9-5ca4-4f34-8238-f14c5ba22f7b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.719983Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.719983Z digest=sha256:748ed16563d6f0407ff1521c6d537d8c6ceca48630a539ab0a1fa341b41a0585

Observation 562341e2-3c7b-467c-a43b-24e17e0ade0b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.724389Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.724389Z digest=sha256:386c0872aeb49d23cb13af4d49a393643e07c1ba54ad7d1a1bfba40e406d587e

Observation 84909242-03e0-470b-87b9-394135492da8 · outbound

This paper cites Athey, G.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Athey, G

Reference 3

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.728618Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.728618Z digest=sha256:7e093bf095998e415ad6c6b576ca90a0bde594ae5e3134ce0ba7dcfef6b43f64

Observation 095da26b-e7b0-43f9-9c24-e617ba9c8ea6 · outbound

This paper cites Cawley, J.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Cawley, J

Reference 4

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.732297Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.732297Z digest=sha256:2669a1a1570b4ac8066659b4cf7cd7b208533f189a321e9e297dffb0f66c01b8

Observation 83afebf4-0b0c-4e96-a0c5-268e9feb7034 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.736268Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.736268Z digest=sha256:7dcebe1aad8e8966c0542360b123ced84f2ea156638028e91bb53b15074a16f8

Observation 562fdb25-9cb0-49b4-b318-7978f2c129c3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.740050Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.740050Z digest=sha256:1216d450c9289b1742150d14499bfe639e4599dbff11437ecb3f5d796e60ea78

Observation 348f7534-416a-4942-b47d-f0da49d1a575 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.744031Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.744031Z digest=sha256:0762af3f741fb76b4cdd72f5f270e2bc55c24f20fa786615db5e9c35254a4528

Observation e29ac1a3-8fce-4cc6-9ff5-793117ab9b32 · outbound

This paper cites Huang, S.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Huang, S

Reference 8

Resolution
verified exact
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.342688Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.747655Z digest=sha256:d270329f493b53602b1ef5bf16131a0bfe6d4aacfee759c1b17a9c1602992e18

Observation da9649db-8ee1-4105-bd50-571528deabce · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.751311Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.751311Z digest=sha256:29052d251693007b3530088ea74e560aabd61ff3547318d73290b94d928765ab

Observation 497c506f-4cfb-49a5-a697-31202a627a2e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.755242Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.755242Z digest=sha256:773a4bb558ce9ac23ce961b428125370985b88f869b3f2179190545a8bee4e7c

Observation ddda955e-ab61-42ee-a8de-28c765ae7817 · outbound

This paper cites Imai, and Z.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Imai, and Z

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.759249Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.759249Z digest=sha256:bc69790c92a0c3fa460f1b1371364efff4980f9f932c0e9e7066f022b17cbc02

Observation 5941464f-ab4c-492c-96c3-2158f3a9a6b5 · outbound

This paper cites R., J.-L.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect R., J.-L

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.762856Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.762856Z digest=sha256:0855cc9ac5c637f522bdbaced18e01eb8466a33085d1c0c45f962a6ed9a102ef

Observation 8f8fcce8-af5b-4631-8ffe-e735113fb800 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.766457Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.766457Z digest=sha256:1918c5570bd8511950a2a6e35860db436d224061ed93e87978377d569266c93d

Observation 110781a5-5e8f-421c-965c-533d42cc104b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.769929Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.769929Z digest=sha256:13abce2ea5312632357389586d87e35f45857d5f91fbd672a4d06602cc5b769d

Observation 5e605d7a-e3ab-4a18-9da5-58f273b4c68f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.773714Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.773714Z digest=sha256:fd6b2b89788b65bcbf42195ea718328fdacac84756ee67007c36790ad58de00d

Observation bf33d7fc-3ad1-473e-9000-16c033d35866 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.777377Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.777377Z digest=sha256:742be4eb3d6a1fed423414f67a3577432d489f6be1d823a540128b68f4123c51

Observation 6c400cdc-8b28-4457-b237-5456f9e7d242 · outbound

This paper cites Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect

Reference 17

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.273713Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.780796Z digest=sha256:5bb12ee18d42edc290f765ad989703b672bec1369a549ea1da6306a9dda140db

Observation 653e0487-56fd-4a71-869a-163e64d27945 · outbound

This paper cites Starting Small: Prioritizing Safety over Efficacy in Randomized Experiments Using the Exact Finite Sample Likelihood.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Starting Small: Prioritizing Safety over Efficacy in Randomized Experiments Using the Exact Finite Sample Likelihood

Reference 18

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.784581Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.784581Z digest=sha256:b9ea79dcdc48d9891c875bb0c30f2f170d5873cb16769fd38c5f1bae94021cda

Observation 1ee22836-fb73-4c52-8ecc-4c0930b92a71 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.789703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.789703Z digest=sha256:c9f851e9133f0d9d987ed92d4b91858818863df049f11125d6068dd5d52c413b

Observation 472a6261-367a-44ac-b493-147d4af48fd9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.793164Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.793164Z digest=sha256:181f35ba6cb0dcd50ba44a43e4559b83482af060666884630a0a30eb191e6aae

Observation 4936942a-8384-4c88-93bb-e6fa5b96a260 · outbound

This paper cites Policy Learning with Distributional Welfare.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Policy Learning with Distributional Welfare

Reference 21

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.796630Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.796630Z digest=sha256:d7d8bc3da76f8e718d92faa45840a76b5971f827665ca4d6b596fe78d7ff10ce

Observation c51b4386-b8f8-442c-b855-e99a2175c015 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.800639Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.800639Z digest=sha256:d8381b6aadf7ead0c001449afa139b2d3c2982715b46836029152d8ffce93971

Observation 5acf2895-fff1-4fb5-b532-6cdbca541f8f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.804133Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.804133Z digest=sha256:4ecddfd7bb9c1a8f1698432c88b8a5cad1fed804988cf4bd99eaafdc0a5049bd

Observation 06fbe1c3-6940-4734-aafd-24ddcde4938a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.807634Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.807634Z digest=sha256:b05963420ce66543b97cc55401c8cdaf458c00620099dfa04f1d5f51b3ac51bc

Observation 2451acc6-ddf5-4275-bfea-0b3296429627 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.811049Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.811049Z digest=sha256:3a535afd3ac758ba6e91964941df7f72dc152241ea5dbe97809ca138478af6cf

Observation 468608c7-6700-4478-93fb-5d0dacb97643 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.814412Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.814412Z digest=sha256:8b8e62a86680ae8c29528df4e6640941d4c3050f4348cf73a16a58703d49feb8

Observation b4dcd0c3-7152-41cf-b1bc-2247642b5953 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution
verified exact
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.232682Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.818040Z digest=sha256:0dbd6547ba2935bf79d5583789fa76d0a6752622d8386a9c2c6ee98acc3a7f89

Observation dbb2b65b-8352-43b8-b494-9c1dd407341e · outbound

This paper cites (2017, December).

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect (2017, December)

Reference 28

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.821479Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.821479Z digest=sha256:f3ef589a8d22fbcd2dfe411413dcc2a24e3ee5803134ca139560cf53c8b025bf

Observation 222c1384-b42f-4d90-9829-bcac6426e97c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.824943Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.824943Z digest=sha256:32ffb92de134d27f809801eb732109458cd17bf16eb6507ee5ab2381b31f6765

Observation 60f40dae-65ba-4eb9-aff0-42be87fdd976 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.828602Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.828602Z digest=sha256:a2f30e7eb848c6a4af30a96bb3e46f29b5d287ec09c1fcac4f4999a0925ef5b8

Observation 8992eee3-4728-4d2a-958d-35bc1c9dc762 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.831971Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.831971Z digest=sha256:7f65203dcba1dac3a3eab2784ede14ceb64fc09b44a7e651d90fb0bd63c715e0

Observation 69dd0728-1735-474b-ba12-3db944ae9035 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.835358Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.835358Z digest=sha256:d12058986e893f6a8494e7e6a1bfbc32cf181590bc6e37f94054bb13817d8302

Observation ad3b051e-15b3-4290-a2e9-4f5928567eef · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.838764Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.838764Z digest=sha256:6fa6462ab026c14b49195d62bf1c66890fa2a312a7e1c746f29873478ad15259

Observation 54a696cd-2cfa-43f0-9745-0ba88b135ee4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.842072Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.842072Z digest=sha256:bc4b1da09238b7bc90c3769065401e750655e6a5429b4284caae0c952a423de2

Observation 505c10f3-68e7-4a34-b6ef-bc6d7b23a38c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.182284Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.845693Z digest=sha256:480a8df211b707be2146bb8cfdb607fa5c1c474b182980a2794e9d49124976a5

Observation 081bea69-7067-4386-a4ce-a68d7e582fd9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.170682Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.849002Z digest=sha256:c65660cc210c66881e5c0425525fff21af12aaf16ec0d892888872b6a3c83460

Observation b17f21fd-1f22-410c-babf-942e916517f8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.158931Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.852279Z digest=sha256:6640ae31094bbd32631ca66da98c442611b0bb7848c0062c85637f1841438fb4

Observation c4c6ffb7-2969-40eb-accd-b4581243be09 · outbound

This paper cites Mehta, and N.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Mehta, and N

Reference 38

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.147422Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.855691Z digest=sha256:023acf64cb398115509c608da479dee323f118349fb75e7c80e359bb7a26529b

Observation 2e505a66-af74-4ea9-8ce4-f9f9b364ec0d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.135265Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.859112Z digest=sha256:d8efdf9cbfafd60069443761b4cc6787ac9388694e1522fc69436802c5e1926f

Observation 59d99ea9-b328-47e0-a150-824dc0499ee0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.122281Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.862506Z digest=sha256:572a9420bf54a29fd3c3db86511d08ccc7b5c33d0d2fa748efcf625ede861648

Observation 6e01e6ea-547c-4122-a83d-6b3cf63e5f1c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.110511Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.865982Z digest=sha256:396af07fc5d2f4288b0ab523aedbe1e48da26fa32ed9c17b48c9f51bdbbaff36

Observation 15fd1cda-fd46-4853-a6d1-cb154e9b526a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.097915Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.869520Z digest=sha256:0224441ed77f60003cfeafdf97af1a52048dc499b8b5dc03b868da3e53015439

Observation 3b8ad5b3-db77-4532-8c20-71990c882d03 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.085562Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.873724Z digest=sha256:6133f2b7edbfccbba11705e0428000c070cc9fd1331ef0ef94f22ca22a7d29d1

Observation 64ca6854-7961-4ccb-8343-464c0f670227 · outbound

This paper cites u r Angewandte Mathematik der Universit \.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect u r Angewandte Mathematik der Universit \

Reference 44

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.073317Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.877359Z digest=sha256:066ca545ee30c34a12ed7f7a022936f4e9916b3961dbadb6d20f410f1149e8df

Observation e2d394c4-1aab-4a3d-af5a-e6258e242cc8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.880915Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.880915Z digest=sha256:4e7be45a05c9f7dbd071e3eb6911cb605250896eaa01588777baaef12297c20c

Observation 14f18205-3aec-49eb-b4b9-106289cb8f89 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.053497Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.884480Z digest=sha256:5309dda581470e0b809d0a5c16f2649600209becef89c4ffaefd8a805b505b3c

Observation f63ed7e1-7a10-4548-b4ab-c3e2822da31d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.042450Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.887895Z digest=sha256:c8f74e40a71fca8905545834841293846c99e06967aa27ea0b972ac243cfd1f7

Observation f98df9ce-69d7-4199-88f1-889aa6759bff · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.031012Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.891376Z digest=sha256:a456c18f4724fe1f5f320a3b6709bc989c2fcfc807b42a7d74c7edca339eb6ad

Observation e8ed4e52-5987-4024-bef4-1ea866d432f0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 49

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.019198Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.895103Z digest=sha256:72c152b7181ed3c83b6d2db43fe3e10cd0d7ed0b71ca4d699bd5b45ddc7b633b

Observation 4095feda-77ee-467f-87d0-b25ec86c5ce5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 50

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:30.006655Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.898528Z digest=sha256:e84b092175c373fe7657b0a85bd94dc1a07e836cd3a99745382a722babc7c6a0

Observation 0a8e2fa2-1d8b-4277-9e26-10114b4bd97f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 51

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.902149Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.902149Z digest=sha256:97d4d5c57246f379892ab732b0e38bc1d9d5c96a2d449710aec6667e34165d96

Observation 79be74c6-d916-4cdc-995e-013c2640ca14 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 52

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.986429Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.905597Z digest=sha256:5ed49f45ed33f71abd4c27b51dc9d8db33adfd282d3361a8d183a97e11713abd

Observation e107f1e6-b09f-4553-82a5-0a45140fee3c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 53

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.974769Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.909148Z digest=sha256:3a5991b3de5535d360e982c10659746e413ce3076e497ebda17267f92aebb54b

Observation 68da2531-4abf-4838-924e-f376097a36af · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 54

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.963991Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.912473Z digest=sha256:00d17fe82570b52c34469c656048a90c4e77c2aa79bc1d8caaeefdefeb47aaaf

Observation aee95c3b-a118-4935-8a36-73941b6153b5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 55

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.952477Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.916044Z digest=sha256:c3e250e65a0bbb7fdafcc578f35ddb9368d74f00bff2095cd71373d9fe755c0e

Observation c99e2ff6-4a9b-48c0-ba1a-d06812bf828b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 56

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.940250Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.919734Z digest=sha256:7f67326ae75d7f3b7033155d68165576d18f9d57b1e0308742f255fb56e9fca5

Observation 12790363-ff3b-4fa0-816f-9385c98abe16 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 57

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.928654Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.923000Z digest=sha256:f2390c554218624e76d69c480a07bfc5b2d44e8a825821918b2e218f45814c31

Observation 0ae4bf08-294f-416a-a012-74252906fa99 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 58

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.917101Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.926285Z digest=sha256:b2131238708b94031f88a2cdde290f408fdda0bd0166bbecd7cf488c7a66ac0e

Observation d631be91-4c71-4206-9f27-5192aec482fb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 59

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.905177Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.929737Z digest=sha256:d6c8b6d2824db6c09cbf7a539d3a21ca8f783f25b37bcd99bd51802b0428f9c8

Observation f5c791eb-b732-486c-b050-6ffe61cda5d3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 60

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.893185Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.932887Z digest=sha256:dba57ee6c6372a3fb42eb870daccd7f40ac837cdd4df2e7465d9771d983ffdbf

Observation 2d379376-9371-41c9-8e60-58a38556a7b4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 61

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.936086Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.936086Z digest=sha256:6b8446b0c7f801cf5d6743f135a7ad283a54e7b01a8215f7a024fa35c6234ace

Observation 1d97d028-e6c4-4bb1-9aa0-444eded689f3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 62

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.875300Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.939556Z digest=sha256:38993bff630484f227f184766c35d3f8b806ac64ef262d843616b29a8863c07d

Observation 060c678f-4c83-4a16-9074-75d45558693c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 63

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.864155Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.942932Z digest=sha256:00fde7c5047aa26062bb623cb5e031bee9d4a8e8339215fd6aefa90f53b35a56

Observation b486e3d1-0581-4531-b172-4d2a957bd5ac · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 64

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.853138Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.946491Z digest=sha256:604fb5485c8568f9c0d1d7066e2adf786497d04779777822e8d700c0db661489

Observation 3d5fadb3-c94e-424b-b255-b2ab352ca16a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 65

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.841811Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.950213Z digest=sha256:db7dec75626f717d6a675720815a7c8573eed9869bd82fc175181766b3fe67a9

Observation bea222ee-969f-4459-9281-6fe79d837b2c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 66

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.829668Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.953435Z digest=sha256:f99ace5a957ef5a070dcccfcaa31d8a28bfb5a03e5436103771267097f08da53

Observation d3c58a86-ede3-4b48-ab26-dcd4e2e13570 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 67

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.816661Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.957163Z digest=sha256:2edc375426488e2f32b2396346cff2e88fa6c203fca3939561d2ec24028d39b4

Observation f26b1fe5-3a4c-4506-8a2f-973a667c36fa · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 68

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.804430Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.960537Z digest=sha256:1a69b60ade92be24603e64aecb4ed4ff52ae39fe0e4bfddb3805c20e3f3da187

Observation 4f0b9781-1ada-49ab-8059-7bc5a4c230ef · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 69

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.792146Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.964094Z digest=sha256:fb1acd3c3fde4323e56fdcfc938b05729ca51ec61735264b47577c2040bf07c2

Observation 640e7ea2-22fb-4e78-8c25-816b45aa96af · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 70

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.781541Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.967586Z digest=sha256:87d16e477ee3a4a3a805e08b6dc54102a344e88d1e6a521aa68b8017db4b9772

Observation 9b8983d5-fe16-49da-8912-6757a1141c96 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 71

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.770846Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.971073Z digest=sha256:c32044112f2addc3d6cf80af22201384a863a790c26c6533fd79f9546dcf7ce5

Observation b7d8e34d-782c-4795-99db-1d1dd2b3a272 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 72

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.760542Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.974545Z digest=sha256:5050f9f44f1522e0c66a5f569e82d3dd995843946101f8933c64c3bf12169ab6

Observation 82116fdf-be9d-4219-8296-0628c42dff31 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 73

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.749584Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.977888Z digest=sha256:b5754b20ce48047ca8287bcfc708402c1a0c398fb451e78f4bdeb30b627ac79d

Observation 8843eb27-db59-427b-9b9f-337c7363516e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 74

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:28.981142Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.981142Z digest=sha256:167a24673d46af104718b27a685912d84259baf8981d012c84bf268c29d878b9

Observation 813ae059-ff71-4f4a-adfd-aa407f003d89 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 75

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.730019Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.984874Z digest=sha256:ebef8691b1fb27f814ed59257fd2f80a19af706a5c3996f33bce6396b12035fd

Observation 5c2fbb40-fa17-4303-adf5-860cf72795f0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 76

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.718498Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.988300Z digest=sha256:0ecdffc6d3b01bfb70f60c702e0b844faa816eaedbc67e4f206e8471df4d904f

Observation 6f68c91a-cbfd-46b6-908e-394e66a9c7ad · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 77

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.706945Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.991721Z digest=sha256:d6f1b4463d9d038c9271479015f34222f77e22ff726b05fc1dc1ee7bd6a0e237

Observation 8ebd91a9-4f0f-4586-9d69-02bf69ec0050 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 78

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.694359Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.994967Z digest=sha256:f7897312b057a0953be5ba8365a176f4f0de250a3f74b54a7ad68eb83140f5fe

Observation 29392f7a-e0cb-484f-8410-b1147ab8bd76 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 79

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.682437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.998395Z digest=sha256:3b195a5be0e495b8586ad84f6394910ae8b42c9e5dc151a253a301f37b391a80

Observation fd0d7141-e2bb-4faa-847f-129a6c6cb711 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 80

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.669881Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.001810Z digest=sha256:b33b49be1aeb1ba20f81ab6cf73f4daff59309532e5451a214c0b1640e97dd5a

Observation f0252b76-dab5-4c54-b616-bc104a9c1f7e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 81

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.656225Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.005342Z digest=sha256:0e172ddbcfcd7e34414095e36b19ee8f600b55f7c38089e5c79112c4b6f53948

Observation 65d29b4c-4bf8-4dfe-8142-a6d81d48842a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 82

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.644296Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.008643Z digest=sha256:8e156ac36360bcb05b2f09cd8a2eba99955bd55956d22c5fd1e876e763b35539

Observation 6e5d0c2c-9f04-44ca-b1a0-8f9684cd3078 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 83

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.632367Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.012517Z digest=sha256:b4260858ada0cc38fc0feb3fe465a9905065aa1693bcb69bd98a479864a10c67

Observation 90c831c3-7946-4159-9900-0a4c87da2fb0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 84

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.620058Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.015861Z digest=sha256:34b60f7e769644679562b107d5705580e39827c0c3cd21fe811f38557913c60d

Observation e94d871f-6f87-44ca-8f2c-1080e8e7acab · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 85

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.607878Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.019488Z digest=sha256:1e848933b90b42c35ebc4cd55da7a6733c3fcd879b5e1af814b123e6fd14bb61

Observation 330a4851-594f-4c03-8fb0-b963e324cd78 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 86

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.022732Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.022732Z digest=sha256:8f9f91fd056892618f0592420202dc092f946eb0b629073f9dc89ee63dfa5791

Observation 78d73259-7be4-414d-b9cf-4180b918adaa · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 87

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.586229Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.026169Z digest=sha256:fcee5b931000e5e8b306752abb460847eaec4fcb0f26de9ea43c7f9cb66e999e

Observation ba7be03c-2898-4e2f-a0e5-9c0f2b5f5674 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 88

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.575144Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.029573Z digest=sha256:8155fadb346fd78fc085c232abb565b1c88c8cf7f4579cfdf89f7d04bb791f7a

Observation a2517add-3ee7-4036-9988-fa68dc6335b0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 89

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.563458Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.032976Z digest=sha256:ed720637e41eb49f42c2bc3535444e761a9756e9746f3078bb4743b9ecc0d2ea

Observation ae7005cd-5de1-41b1-bde2-79a8b7434c1c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 90

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.551804Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.037173Z digest=sha256:1b2c2b261e5ea55ce961a9111fbaa9171bc47318ab88a67c8d034820b8550853

Observation 16d36ae5-2a24-4c4d-b22b-13e7a9f98580 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 91

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.540342Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.041121Z digest=sha256:e04079d018432c46a7278aefd870e29950ddb2f67104106f133f5882cdb4932b

Observation f08a7185-f588-4116-82d5-6e8f55ef9816 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 92

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.526719Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.044745Z digest=sha256:9793ef4672e86411e2ceef1a777f35e786367ae91172d03f7810cc9012b79634

Observation f2254a53-30f2-4fa8-b17d-45a6977a3863 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 93

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.514480Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.048203Z digest=sha256:85152fd75db0a542b00d276d40c38c3024918783506e737af0cee1ca8a4db02d

Observation 0ddddf47-bd52-45a0-88e0-f3ad806deece · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 94

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.502544Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.051867Z digest=sha256:72e93e118eb0c53945222c7bd9409675b6388ed67bdafea4223a43a682e5e6d8

Observation e0ab5382-5874-4ca6-88d9-ab8bcf778bfd · outbound

This paper cites Debiased Machine Learning of Aggregated Intersection Bounds and Other Causal Parameters.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Debiased Machine Learning of Aggregated Intersection Bounds and Other Causal Parameters

Reference 95

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.055106Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.055106Z digest=sha256:e296fedb438d92eab8226b793cf4aff3038d54e49bc57464222e2661862254ce

Observation 30630bb5-ac77-4ccd-8c53-90f36efbd64b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 96

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.490548Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.058992Z digest=sha256:3c544f859164c2ad1772db0325fbad0c057a8f1da7a1b47ea09be1dbc2ede7ca

Observation 195edfbc-f92c-439b-bb7d-75c7ee9e58c9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 97

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.478676Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.062374Z digest=sha256:4b6b21b45a2c8d6ef8c4f0fa934991299789156d00c2e970a396195dc784ca7d

Observation aee48c02-0bbe-4772-8f68-c9e38384f134 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Unresolved cited work

Reference 98

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.065777Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.065777Z digest=sha256:8263bb6e7f11b013a661e2eac03e846f5a05fd63d61fa1f043e09d95aa5e0f06

Observation 37cf0b33-8108-4cd4-9462-95b5dd667867 · outbound

This paper cites Chernozhukov, and H.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Chernozhukov, and H

Reference 99

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.459268Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.069478Z digest=sha256:283e2bcbee20831d8d28f0b6914cdf46c4260e4b6cf310605a6c2a307c6366ce

Observation e011cf89-a33f-4c06-9bd8-2240188046b2 · outbound

This paper cites Bauld, D.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Bauld, D

Reference 100

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.447372Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:29.072888Z digest=sha256:a0f2e332a82f72cafcb989ad10440ed6fc4687d7fc37256b99022af50e349015

Pith citing papers

Observation 6c400cdc-8b28-4457-b237-5456f9e7d242 · inbound

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect cites this paper.

Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Effect

Reference 17

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T10:46:29.273713Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-11T10:46:28.780796Z digest=sha256:5bb12ee18d42edc290f765ad989703b672bec1369a549ea1da6306a9dda140db