Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025

As of 10 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 47 of 47 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2601.07648.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2601.07648 v2

Coverage vector

measured 47 of 47 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:15.277013Z

measured 47 of 47 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

47 of 47 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved47
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 9c5b182c-cded-4298-8376-4d2b87820a7f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:10.490133Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ad4a6030-f68d-4fc4-a4d5-2b2a420a55f2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:10.568246Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 73cb2e66-cf2e-41fc-8372-1becf84e55a1 · outbound

This paper cites InFindings of the As- sociation for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025, pages 5880–5895, Vienna, Austria.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 InFindings of the As- sociation for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025, pages 5880–5895, Vienna, Austria

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:09.863772Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5ef54681-29b2-4dc1-9540-fe5ddca25ed4 · outbound

This paper cites answer_1.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 answer_1

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:10.791081Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4f9016b2-c3fc-4dbe-a49f-776550fe6028 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:11.668359Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 873ab719-bad3-4d39-b876-5e441fc42894 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen3 Technical Report.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Qwen3 Technical Report

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:10.361084Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 37ca2b67-b338-4c6e-9cdd-69a791744ce5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:15.110663Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0d567f10-9f5d-4557-a1aa-4c391ca9e5e1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:15.277013Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation adf5a4f3-78f4-4927-b2a0-3240a54c428f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:10.673305Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cd016d24-7815-44ef-ad23-a3faca984cce · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:10.932726Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 381cf7f7-1c48-426b-9e1e-8b02dbd32c84 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:11.100896Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 56f5495a-d7a9-430d-9051-c17c1eb9cae4 · outbound

This paper cites fluency",.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 fluency",

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:11.240316Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f2ece903-a024-40ce-85a2-74fb63ae5a92 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:11.410043Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d201eb66-533c-4bd4-865d-78d06446136c · outbound

This paper cites BLEU" instead of.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 BLEU" instead of

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:11.485444Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 96658450-adad-4103-a188-7176342a9ffb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:11.540159Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a395e559-9ec0-41d7-8ea3-988ca24dbec7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:11.557237Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0de7956b-3914-43dc-8ede-7afa9133872e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:11.766337Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 640f0f15-0838-46ac-a5b3-02f76dea872e · outbound

This paper cites BLEU" vs.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 BLEU" vs

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:11.882834Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 04923dfc-94ac-40d8-a6bd-a610095308e3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:11.970940Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b4fb5d8e-65d4-48ae-a297-04f1d8387a00 · outbound

This paper cites BLEU" not.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 BLEU" not

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:12.070951Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b5919280-65e7-4e55-9aed-5d00bcf152e7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:12.159175Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6f02d6bf-6a58-4465-bbe2-5820da51daee · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:12.275249Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d853fc4d-4ef5-4f94-a57c-7070603f3ac6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:12.334284Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 11662ecf-6e73-4602-83bb-72260754ec2d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:12.448379Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7dbd7a6d-54a8-4d62-8185-f6f04cb49415 · outbound

This paper cites Yes” answer to Question 1). However, this filtering may not be perfect. You should verify this classification and change the answer to “No.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Yes” answer to Question 1). However, this filtering may not be perfect. You should verify this classification and change the answer to “No

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:12.546544Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 30e6aa43-6872-466d-9bec-cf1bbf753903 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:12.632955Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d70adda8-5aab-49ab-bf2b-cc519203f585 · outbound

This paper cites Yes”). However, the automatic filtering may have made mistakes. Your job is to verify this classification by carefully reading the paper. How to Answer: Answer “Yes.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Yes”). However, the automatic filtering may have made mistakes. Your job is to verify this classification by carefully reading the paper. How to Answer: Answer “Yes

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:12.692676Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation faf34e2c-0cfa-4735-a0a3-8af18919e7b8 · outbound

This paper cites Other: [specific task name].

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Other: [specific task name]

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:12.804898Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5aaee212-01fc-4969-8113-ba8c95fb12cd · outbound

This paper cites CNN/DailyMail.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 CNN/DailyMail

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:12.920870Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 284626bc-499e-4025-8960-254639782e0b · outbound

This paper cites English”, “Chinese.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 English”, “Chinese

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:13.035835Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3d98cb21-c6f8-4e37-8240-6d669d4d1f04 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-3”, “BART.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 GPT-3”, “BART

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:13.109698Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0ab3972b-5a19-4ea4-9410-9ab265df1ce6 · outbound

This paper cites News article summaries.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 News article summaries

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:13.284421Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 782e0515-4bfd-4e33-be81-6ac4a8f937a5 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4”, “GPT-3.5.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 GPT-4”, “GPT-3.5

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:13.430713Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a700dc88-0cb3-4a05-a5d6-59181a667a30 · outbound

This paper cites Pairwise comparison.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Pairwise comparison

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:13.654495Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fdae7ea4-7971-4296-a8ee-057dc425c4b8 · outbound

This paper cites Fluency”, “Relevance.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Fluency”, “Relevance

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:13.821148Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d9212fd9-74c7-4ab2-ad0f-a3f026d70b38 · outbound

This paper cites Pairwise comparison.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Pairwise comparison

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:13.978018Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1537785e-6f41-4dd5-bfeb-a40f6052d7bf · outbound

This paper cites Fluency”, “Adequacy.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Fluency”, “Adequacy

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:14.110384Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 60563c1a-04b3-4782-8bac-aa3227542093 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:14.182339Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2d4fd98a-045d-47c8-a638-56c0dae35bc7 · outbound

This paper cites Yes” • Change to “No.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Yes” • Change to “No

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:14.343572Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f14b25a6-050b-4c2f-9281-f1d3ed322532 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:14.487573Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3de3c99e-0f52-409e-a9cc-7ae222a03a03 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:14.645469Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 96045ca8-b94f-47bb-a662-52a164620b00 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:14.843538Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 67651034-ce61-4b2f-a1bc-27c218156aab · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:14.948845Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eb6f3f7b-5a55-4690-b7d4-b9e9984164c6 · outbound

This paper cites gpt-oss-120b & gpt-oss-20b Model Card.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 gpt-oss-120b & gpt-oss-20b Model Card

Reference 2020

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:10.182950Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 007b65bd-009e-47b0-a59b-d46d02cf808c · outbound

This paper cites Evaluation of Text Generation: A Survey.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 Evaluation of Text Generation: A Survey

Reference 2021

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:09.410983Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 68623011-3294-4db6-85d0-bca314e7db95 · outbound

This paper cites LLMs-as-Judges: A Comprehensive Survey on LLM-based Evaluation Methods.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 LLMs-as-Judges: A Comprehensive Survey on LLM-based Evaluation Methods

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:10.006373Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 32e3260f-a277-47f9-b88f-69c33b3233bb · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning.

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025 DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:07:09.689364Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.