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Confined but chirally symmetric hadrons at large density and the Casher's argument
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Casher's argument, which is believed to be quite general, states that in the confining regime chiral symmetry is necessarily broken. In the large-N_c limit and at moderate and low temperatures QCD is confining up to arbitrary large densities, and there should appear a quarkyonic matter. It has been demonstrated, within a manifestly confining and chirally symmetric model, which is a 3+1 dimensional generalization of the 't Hooft model, that, at zero temperature and at a density exceeding a critical one, the chiral symmetry is restored while quarks remain confined in color-singlet hadrons. This is in conflict with the Casher's argument. Here we explain the reason why the Casher's argument fails and clarify the physical mechanism lying behind such confined but chirally symmetric hadrons.
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Comprehensive study of mass modifications of light mesons in nuclear matter in the three-flavor extended Linear Sigma Model
Combining the extended Linear Sigma Model with a parity doublet nucleon model, this paper predicts that most light meson masses drop in nuclear matter and favors a chiral invariant mass M0 around 0.8 GeV.
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