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The History of Primordial Black Holes

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arxiv 2406.05736 v4 pith:W57CKU3Y submitted 2024-06-09 astro-ph.CO hep-ph

Bernard J. Carr , Anne M. Green This is my paper · ORCID
classification astro-ph.COhep-ph
keywords periodformationhistoryblackevidencefrontpbhsprimordial
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We overview the history of primordial black hole (PBH) research from the first papers around 50 years ago to the present epoch. The history may be divided into four periods, the dividing lines being marked by three key developments: inflation on the theoretical front and the detection of microlensing events by the MACHO project and gravitational waves by the LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA project on the observation front. However, they are also characterised by somewhat different focuses of research. The period 1967-1980 covered the groundbreaking work on PBH formation and evaporation. The period 1980-1996 mainly focussed on their formation, while the period 1996-2016 consolidated the work on formation but also collated the constraints on the PBH abundance. In the period 2016-2024 there was a shift of emphasis to the search for evidence for PBHs and - while opinions about the strength of the purported evidence vary - this has motivated more careful studies of some aspects of the subject. Certainly the soaring number of papers on PBHs in this last period indicates a growing interest in the topic.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Primordial Black Hole mass growth from neutrinos during the radiation era

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    PBHs of ~1e3–1e7 solar masses can significantly grow by absorbing neutrinos before matter-radiation equality.

  2. Black Holes Rule Out Heavy Tachyons

    gr-qc 2025-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Heavy tachyons would make black holes evaporate so fast that observing long-lived stellar-mass black holes rules out tachyon masses above about 3 billion GeV.

  3. Forecasting Constraint on Primordial Black Hole Properties with the CSST $3\times2$pt Analysis

    astro-ph.CO 2025-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A mock-data forecast finds CSST 3x2pt can place an upper limit f_PBH m_PBH < 10^3.9 M_sun (68% CL) and improve Omega_m, sigma_8 and w precisions to 3.3%, 1.7%, 13%.

  4. Aspects of supersymmetry breaking driven inflation in orbifold models

    hep-th 2024-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    In orbifold supergravity inflation, enhanced scalar power spectra needed for primordial black holes force the tensor-to-scalar ratio above current observational limits.

  5. Four years of wide-field search for nanosecond optical transients with the TAIGA-HiSCORE Cherenkov array

    astro-ph.IM 2024-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Four seasons of TAIGA-HiSCORE data show no nanosecond optical transients, setting an upper limit of about 1e-3 events per steradian per hour.

  6. Picolensing as a Probe of Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter

    astro-ph.HE 2024-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Asteroid-mass primordial black hole dark matter could be probed by picolensing of gamma-ray bursts, but only with detector separations of at least Earth-L2 distance once realistic GRB size uncertainties are included.

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