Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model

As of 12 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 19 of 19 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2412.09990.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.09990 v1

Coverage vector

measured 19 of 19 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.502177Z

measured 20 of 20 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-23T01:03:26.037233Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-23T01:05:16.527345Z

Reference resolution

19 of 19 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved19
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation e1022d41-beaa-4678-9a5a-b45b3f5d2ae6 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen Technical Report.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model Qwen Technical Report

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.419660Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 30cf924f-98f6-467b-a5ff-a8233da790d3 · outbound

This paper cites COIG-CQIA: Quality is All You Need for Chinese Instruction Fine-tuning.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model COIG-CQIA: Quality is All You Need for Chinese Instruction Fine-tuning

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.425160Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4a31ad4a-7136-45e8-8b5c-14b1d658da55 · outbound

This paper cites Instruction Mining: Instruction Data Selection for Tuning Large Language Models.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model Instruction Mining: Instruction Data Selection for Tuning Large Language Models

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.430133Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1c82ed51-a496-4f82-a8e8-828c50636227 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.802930Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation ae95652c-81bf-4f9f-a2cb-2022723abd26 · outbound

This paper cites Scaling Instruction-Finetuned Language Models.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model Scaling Instruction-Finetuned Language Models

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.440064Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 372eb0b4-0541-4972-a825-6f81ed2cc410 · outbound

This paper cites Why Can GPT Learn In-Context? Language Models Implicitly Perform Gradient Descent as Meta-Optimizers.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model Why Can GPT Learn In-Context? Language Models Implicitly Perform Gradient Descent as Meta-Optimizers

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.445070Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4d87c0c2-8c69-4dd3-9cd8-25ecea6af80d · outbound

This paper cites PaLM 2 Technical Report.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model PaLM 2 Technical Report

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.450379Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0e65850f-50da-44d9-8bcf-c04404a94663 · outbound

This paper cites Exploring the Impact of Instruction Data Scaling on Large Language Models: An Empirical Study on Real-World Use Cases.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model Exploring the Impact of Instruction Data Scaling on Large Language Models: An Empirical Study on Real-World Use Cases

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.455171Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bf7444fb-3f1a-43e5-aceb-aac927384bea · outbound

This paper cites M$^3$IT: A Large-Scale Dataset towards Multi-Modal Multilingual Instruction Tuning.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model M$^3$IT: A Large-Scale Dataset towards Multi-Modal Multilingual Instruction Tuning

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.459872Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 88ddba79-5a3c-4c24-861a-3aa4551ea2d6 · outbound

This paper cites Hashimoto.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model Hashimoto

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.464326Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a74213f2-4c1e-49db-85d1-f24027926658 · outbound

This paper cites One-Shot Learning as Instruction Data Prospector for Large Language Models.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model One-Shot Learning as Instruction Data Prospector for Large Language Models

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.468628Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d7d1c42a-40ac-4c76-8cea-a155904ec5c9 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.473237Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 08ff23b2-a104-42fd-873b-e155250f089a · outbound

This paper cites How Far Can Camels Go? Exploring the State of Instruction Tuning on Open Resources.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model How Far Can Camels Go? Exploring the State of Instruction Tuning on Open Resources

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.477351Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 60808d7a-8a8b-4ab3-a1e8-ff1df1d03c4f · outbound

This paper cites Self-Instruct: Aligning Language Models with Self-Generated Instructions.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model Self-Instruct: Aligning Language Models with Self-Generated Instructions

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.481306Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d7fd0e2b-d464-4121-bb39-b64c89e2f3ff · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.778711Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation ed9cf9c0-a0b9-4a09-b52d-3908cd101443 · outbound

This paper cites Baize: An Open-Source Chat Model with Parameter-Efficient Tuning on Self-Chat Data.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model Baize: An Open-Source Chat Model with Parameter-Efficient Tuning on Self-Chat Data

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.489111Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3326f2e4-3031-4a5d-a011-cd7b9ee69340 · outbound

This paper cites LIMA: Less Is More for Alignment.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model LIMA: Less Is More for Alignment

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.493125Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 817bd649-a8e5-4347-9d74-12a800037960 · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.497512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 933b90b6-ed8b-41d4-9cc3-08fbee6d50c7 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model write newline

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:33:10.502177Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation ccdda23a-90e3-4cc8-ba52-d2b53fc1f73d · inbound

Will LLMs Scaling Hit the Wall? Breaking Barriers via Distributed Resources on Massive Edge Devices cites this paper.

Will LLMs Scaling Hit the Wall? Breaking Barriers via Distributed Resources on Massive Edge Devices Small Language Model as Data Prospector for Large Language Model

Reference 52

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T01:05:16.529736Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.