Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding

As of 15 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 33 of 33 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2606.31169.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2606.31169 v1

Coverage vector

measured 33 of 33 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-07-01T06:29:20.202720Z

measured 33 of 33 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

33 of 33 outbound references displayed

verified exact3
verified fuzzy21
unresolved1
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch7

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 5ebd39c2-3e79-4ffa-af99-07238cfc0e6a · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report

Reference 1

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-07-01T09:35:39.709155Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation d1ec154b-433f-416c-bbe9-5cb885e62adc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.616832Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation ec148522-f30b-4998-ab4a-65f5e7457281 · outbound

This paper cites PictOBI-20k: Unveiling Large Multimodal Models in Visual Decipherment for Pictographic Oracle Bone Characters.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding PictOBI-20k: Unveiling Large Multimodal Models in Visual Decipherment for Pictographic Oracle Bone Characters

Reference 3

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T09:35:39.730022Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 19d506a9-4263-4fac-adf2-3b41b0bd2791 · outbound

This paper cites Oracle bone inscriptions information processing: A comprehensive survey.npj Heritage Science.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding Oracle bone inscriptions information processing: A comprehensive survey.npj Heritage Science

Reference 4

Resolution: metadata mismatch; doi, observed 2026-07-01T06:35:28.751688Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 7664ba3e-3528-4e15-ac8e-5c0316beca5f · outbound

This paper cites Just Noticeable Difference for Large Multimodal Models.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding Just Noticeable Difference for Large Multimodal Models

Reference 5

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T09:35:39.721412Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation db1843ae-cf9b-4e11-8a66-2dddec8b51b0 · outbound

This paper cites https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/ DeepSeek-V4-Pro (2026), accessed 22 June 2026.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/ DeepSeek-V4-Pro (2026), accessed 22 June 2026

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.615062Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 8f483669-37f9-45b2-9885-0b2b96f824d2 · outbound

This paper cites International Journal of Digital Humanities5(2), 65–79 (2023).

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding International Journal of Digital Humanities5(2), 65–79 (2023)

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.611200Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 43c8f6ab-e2b4-4244-b139-5cce17080aad · outbound

This paper cites https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/ models (2026), accessed 22 June 2026.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/ models (2026), accessed 22 June 2026

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.604225Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 15adcb41-9af6-4a81-b982-bd04c319f56c · outbound

This paper cites An open dataset for the evolution of oracle bone characters: EVOBC.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding An open dataset for the evolution of oracle bone characters: EVOBC

Reference 9

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T09:35:39.717139Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation fbf1863e-b917-4255-b59b-dc0bf09e148b · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.606055Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 5bb4d4ca-d162-4f03-b0d2-252d5bf0bfc4 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.599045Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 78d5bd50-40b5-4dde-85a6-de3e3c86b393 · outbound

This paper cites OracleSage: Towards Unified Visual-Linguistic Understanding of Oracle Bone Scripts through Cross-Modal Knowledge Fusion.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding OracleSage: Towards Unified Visual-Linguistic Understanding of Oracle Bone Scripts through Cross-Modal Knowledge Fusion

Reference 12

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T09:35:39.712948Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation f33ee5ac-9de2-4094-9d25-d4e116730a79 · outbound

This paper cites (ed.): Sources of Shang History: The Oracle-Bone Inscriptions of Bronze Age China.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding (ed.): Sources of Shang History: The Oracle-Bone Inscriptions of Bronze Age China

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.600808Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 82959d03-dac6-4af5-a660-8e7bf3eb672b · outbound

This paper cites OracleAgent: A multimodal reasoning agent for oracle bone script research.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding OracleAgent: A multimodal reasoning agent for oracle bone script research

Reference 14

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T09:35:39.744667Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 32926050-96fa-4bc0-a080-8b242989c05f · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.602460Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 437ae756-41d1-427c-be74-b197f2bcec69 · outbound

This paper cites Pattern Recognition169, 111824 (2026).

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding Pattern Recognition169, 111824 (2026)

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.596736Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 4abfbcb9-6e43-47c4-a64b-79b58f764791 · outbound

This paper cites Displays89, 103059 (2025).

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding Displays89, 103059 (2025)

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.607731Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation bfbc3d14-7f76-4317-91c0-38aa8056ca99 · outbound

This paper cites In: Pro- ceedings of the 33rd ACM International Conference on Multimedia.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding In: Pro- ceedings of the 33rd ACM International Conference on Multimedia

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.595103Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 1544fbeb-1a3e-4025-979e-3c2eec2c3d2c · outbound

This paper cites https://doi.org/10.21203/ rs.3.rs-9733608/v1.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding https://doi.org/10.21203/ rs.3.rs-9733608/v1

Reference 19

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.588559Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 0a869931-77c5-4b35-95e0-7e59dc9add83 · outbound

This paper cites Journal of image and graphics8(4), 114–119 (2020).

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding Journal of image and graphics8(4), 114–119 (2020)

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.590137Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation a3c0fc78-8cc3-47e3-bdc0-0081ec7f278d · outbound

This paper cites The Innovation (2026).

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding The Innovation (2026)

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.593531Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 1afb7907-ff73-4a03-b832-f2fb9a85e800 · outbound

This paper cites Guangxi Education Press (11 2005) Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length 13.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding Guangxi Education Press (11 2005) Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length 13

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.591920Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation f067d439-4768-413e-99ae-85f6bd900c8a · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4o System Card.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding GPT-4o System Card

Reference 23

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-07-01T09:35:39.739647Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation ece3520b-dd5c-4316-8284-74856da65e27 · outbound

This paper cites https://openai.com/index/introducing-gpt-5-2/ (2026), accessed 22 June 2026.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding https://openai.com/index/introducing-gpt-5-2/ (2026), accessed 22 June 2026

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.583649Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 565d21b8-aefe-4e5f-a625-bf24eaf02b85 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen3 Technical Report.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding Qwen3 Technical Report

Reference 25

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-07-01T09:35:39.735029Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation eef4cb10-7a47-4aeb-a754-18813f3837d9 · outbound

This paper cites https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3.5-9B (2026), accessed 22 June 2026.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3.5-9B (2026), accessed 22 June 2026

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.581796Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation c4b8f249-80c8-4cd9-bb21-6c47ba8f0f3b · outbound

This paper cites https://qwen.ai/models (2026), ac- cessed 22 June 2026.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding https://qwen.ai/models (2026), ac- cessed 22 June 2026

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.609468Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 38c7c3d3-64e3-407b-b646-50b58f55680c · outbound

This paper cites Scientific Data11, 87 (2024).

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding Scientific Data11, 87 (2024)

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.618468Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 5fe59315-ed16-4e99-92c5-407adc45fe50 · outbound

This paper cites Scientific Data11, 976 (2024).

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding Scientific Data11, 976 (2024)

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.585196Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation f9aad6e0-9693-4625-9064-f006a447d573 · outbound

This paper cites InternVL3.5: Advancing Open-Source Multimodal Models in Versatility, Reasoning, and Efficiency.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding InternVL3.5: Advancing Open-Source Multimodal Models in Versatility, Reasoning, and Efficiency

Reference 30

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-07-01T09:35:39.725631Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 8397e942-4053-4710-854f-b967bdfdc89c · outbound

This paper cites ACM Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage15(4), 1–20 (2022).

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding ACM Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage15(4), 1–20 (2022)

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.586954Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 9c71675b-f711-4118-8dc6-f8e7b16d41f0 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers).

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding In: Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.579939Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 17195202-3934-4a4b-8bab-6c2e7b1d80b7 · outbound

This paper cites In: Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026.

Beyond Single Character: Evaluating MLLMs for Sentence-Level Oracle Bone Inscription Understanding In: Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-07-06T18:02:46.578263Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.