Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments

As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 32 of 32 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.02713.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.02713 v2

Coverage vector

measured 32 of 32 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:01.904596Z

measured 32 of 32 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

32 of 32 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy3
unresolved27
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 5f563cce-5814-4007-89c6-fc3ff4aa83b7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.633547Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 3f2e4b9a-6a3b-4008-b255-b6d4256d02a6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.612043Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 73cab057-46e0-49a2-bb47-874d8bc15faa · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.593170Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 158529eb-7e22-4f4c-858b-6b8387e59308 · outbound

This paper cites Ruipérez-Valiente, and David E.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Ruipérez-Valiente, and David E

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.575775Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 1c2c9318-ad33-41bf-97b6-749d4a665b17 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.558438Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 98fe2f8a-144d-4269-b1db-6d93a5f073da · outbound

This paper cites Could ChatGPT get an Engineering Degree? Evaluating Higher Education Vulnerability to AI Assistants.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Could ChatGPT get an Engineering Degree? Evaluating Higher Education Vulnerability to AI Assistants

Reference 6

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.056035Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 907ca6d8-cb42-4fd2-8850-bba26c2a1c2e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.542515Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 4f868722-44b6-4c72-9423-7550e213774a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.523738Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 9648849f-43a4-4c7a-8139-9121437f8485 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:01.756647Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0b6c381e-94ad-4d65-ac79-7e4c5451c72d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.491136Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation fbcf9068-661b-48c9-a859-da614634377b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.470173Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 7f83e5d2-c7c9-466a-bde5-1d5dd899d32a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.447993Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 56a09756-1667-4cc4-84a5-09f9997fdd81 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.424901Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 7e6fa301-e5b7-4f5e-a775-4181ed6c9129 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.407031Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation b0a2577e-f719-4025-bf5e-90a650c5f903 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.390219Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 0c1d8f83-9a0f-48bb-8118-2e3a16bb76b2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.374165Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 7febb0d3-c312-48a6-92ec-d0cb19ebf0bd · outbound

This paper cites Meijer and Klass Sijtsma.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Meijer and Klass Sijtsma

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.357762Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 6bd4b9ee-994c-4e67-b0b1-c83e83f68ff1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.341540Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 63c368d7-37b8-47ec-aa86-85c4f7e9167b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.310243Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation ef46b3db-6a9b-49da-8c75-21fdaa4be007 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.293443Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 14b8d24f-0f43-4705-b6e9-c4ce458b664c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.274617Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 0c39a174-9b54-42ef-8049-3e811dfcbed6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:01.830558Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 472c01df-8601-4e2b-b6a0-7ce4fa3edef1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.256928Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 2bc22b76-c377-4d8e-860b-b2b0ff3087a6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.236977Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 89329dbf-2e1b-4e05-a0a6-98cc78c093d2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.213758Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation bb3de172-0608-48c4-bd21-ce107bc08ebd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.196906Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 9e6b064e-3f72-4458-887f-1ef8e381137d · outbound

This paper cites Tendeiro, Rob R.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Tendeiro, Rob R

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.179783Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation bd169b3a-03f3-4b19-9c09-c29acdebe445 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.161274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation c5af9be5-93b6-4c46-883f-e56fbf71ab8f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.143681Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 4edff56a-5e92-4186-a71a-3fe42c0fef21 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.119098Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 3b894fa8-a81b-4b11-8c4b-02c4b3cc6ee3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.098605Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 79dd1d57-b608-4e75-a8ac-d6780ce4071e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Applying IRT to Distinguish Between Human and Generative AI Responses to Multiple-Choice Assessments Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:43:02.079457Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.