Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference

As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 19 of 19 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2509.08682.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2509.08682 v1

Coverage vector

measured 19 of 19 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.845505Z

measured 21 of 21 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-28T12:14:21.322860Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-02T03:16:33.938023Z

Reference resolution

19 of 19 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved19
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation c902768e-f4a0-4fbe-a0fe-b2c7e8a85c6d · outbound

This paper cites ChatEval: Towards Better LLM-based Evaluators through Multi-Agent Debate.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference ChatEval: Towards Better LLM-based Evaluators through Multi-Agent Debate

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.780517Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c198064d-ead8-43c9-9a6b-efe79d92d78d · outbound

This paper cites InProceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–15.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference InProceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–15

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.788798Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 12fcdcbf-ae30-483a-ab58-046de08a7c7e · outbound

This paper cites GPTScore: Evaluate as You Desire.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference GPTScore: Evaluate as You Desire

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.792325Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f855dc5f-d7ff-4b11-9856-495e09d4603e · outbound

This paper cites Single-agent or Multi-agent Systems? Why Not Both?.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference Single-agent or Multi-agent Systems? Why Not Both?

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.796071Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 20a6963e-b7df-49d0-9909-9c73a998dc4e · outbound

This paper cites Jiang, H.; Chen, Y .; Cao, Y .; Lee, H.-y.; and Tan, R.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference Jiang, H.; Chen, Y .; Cao, Y .; Lee, H.-y.; and Tan, R

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.804204Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 081fa9fd-8790-4a89-a31e-c299e3a060b9 · outbound

This paper cites CodeJudgeBench: Benchmarking LLM-as-a-Judge for Coding Tasks.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference CodeJudgeBench: Benchmarking LLM-as-a-Judge for Coding Tasks

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.808023Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f232e0bd-caa4-42ea-941f-10928430d000 · outbound

This paper cites SelfCheck: Using LLMs to Zero-Shot Check Their Own Step-by-Step Reasoning.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference SelfCheck: Using LLMs to Zero-Shot Check Their Own Step-by-Step Reasoning

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.815399Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8d8f1cd1-c266-4318-86be-6a56bbac0db0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.818952Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2229c26b-abaf-4e36-9e3e-d6b85b43f0f4 · outbound

This paper cites InProceedings of the 36th annual acm symposium on user interface software and tech- nology, 1–22.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference InProceedings of the 36th annual acm symposium on user interface software and tech- nology, 1–22

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.822516Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e04e3dc9-e7c7-470d-8e1f-c82c6bb39b81 · outbound

This paper cites ChatDev: Communicative Agents for Software Development.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference ChatDev: Communicative Agents for Software Development

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.826004Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e6808b0f-c3d1-4656-8ec4-40373c23c594 · outbound

This paper cites Judging the Judges: Evaluating Alignment and Vulnerabilities in LLMs-as-Judges.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference Judging the Judges: Evaluating Alignment and Vulnerabilities in LLMs-as-Judges

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.829738Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b414399c-e581-4979-ab08-5953f520fa29 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on Large Language Model based Autonomous Agents.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference A Survey on Large Language Model based Autonomous Agents

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.838152Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e00c60fd-a5fe-4749-9e76-4529f3c07f98 · outbound

This paper cites EcoAssistant: Using LLM Assistant More Affordably and Accurately.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference EcoAssistant: Using LLM Assistant More Affordably and Accurately

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.841780Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d5607280-273d-4c48-9b2f-87228fb4f022 · outbound

This paper cites Agent-as-a-Judge: Evaluate Agents with Agents.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference Agent-as-a-Judge: Evaluate Agents with Agents

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.845505Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a2a1320b-96b2-4cff-8f1e-0a7e8e33525d · outbound

This paper cites AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as Agents.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as Agents

Reference 2022

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.811611Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7f24c156-c0ff-4f69-8cec-187b392fc734 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.776601Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f2981a15-32b8-41b3-be0f-8c716cecdd59 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on LLM-as-a-Judge.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference A Survey on LLM-as-a-Judge

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.800001Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1bab987d-1c45-4554-825d-9f5be1c0b9c3 · outbound

This paper cites TRAIL: Trace Reasoning and Agentic Issue Localization.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference TRAIL: Trace Reasoning and Agentic Issue Localization

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.784615Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1f2962c7-ab84-4b05-b9ed-d2241fc44d40 · outbound

This paper cites A Comprehensive Survey of Small Language Models in the Era of Large Language Models: Techniques, Enhancements, Applications, Collaboration with LLMs, and Trustworthiness.

Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference A Comprehensive Survey of Small Language Models in the Era of Large Language Models: Techniques, Enhancements, Applications, Collaboration with LLMs, and Trustworthiness

Reference 2836

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T20:21:21.834038Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation a7155555-2b60-4a76-b18e-1678f5300e94 · inbound

Agent System Operations: Categorization, Challenges, and Future Directions cites this paper.

Agent System Operations: Categorization, Challenges, and Future Directions Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference

Reference 11

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-02T01:16:24.970467Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation fce99290-e58a-4245-9e15-ac5fa585f4d2 · inbound

StepFinder: A Temporal Semantic Framework for Failure Attribution in Multi-Agent Systems cites this paper.

StepFinder: A Temporal Semantic Framework for Failure Attribution in Multi-Agent Systems Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference

Reference 27

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-02T03:16:33.940349Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.