Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition

As of 17 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 40 of 40 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:1908.02660.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1908.02660 v2

Coverage vector

measured 40 of 40 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.383365Z

measured 41 of 41 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T22:22:37.555217Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-06T22:22:39.534674Z

Reference resolution

40 of 40 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy29
unresolved11
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 77e3483e-3637-41c8-bc19-e67556a5c960 · outbound

This paper cites Dont just assume; look and answer: Over- coming priors for visual question answering.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Dont just assume; look and answer: Over- coming priors for visual question answering

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.825623Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation cff5baa6-112a-4511-af23-618f4fa9a1a3 · outbound

This paper cites Beat the machine: Challenging workers to ﬁnd the unknown unknowns.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Beat the machine: Challenging workers to ﬁnd the unknown unknowns

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.815505Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 1ff05fe2-d91e-4ec4-92b4-ccca4700d4d0 · outbound

This paper cites Being Negative but Constructively: Lessons Learnt from Creating Better Visual Question Answering Datasets.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Being Negative but Constructively: Lessons Learnt from Creating Better Visual Question Answering Datasets

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.249742Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 19280984-437f-446b-903b-6750a2a41f11 · outbound

This paper cites Learning Phrase Representations using RNN Encoder-Decoder for Statistical Machine Translation.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Learning Phrase Representations using RNN Encoder-Decoder for Statistical Machine Translation

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.253689Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b87058a7-0754-4709-aa4f-df7aec27548b · outbound

This paper cites Detecting visual rela- tionships with deep relational networks.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Detecting visual rela- tionships with deep relational networks

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.804853Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 549fd0b2-ce08-431f-9b85-e39061d8016e · outbound

This paper cites Making the v in vqa matter: Elevating the role of image understanding in visual question answer- ing.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Making the v in vqa matter: Elevating the role of image understanding in visual question answer- ing

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.793658Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation e071efdd-2ef5-4c68-a833-065fb5461407 · outbound

This paper cites Grounding spatial relations for human-robot in- teraction.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Grounding spatial relations for human-robot in- teraction

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.782832Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 7d3f45db-f4f5-445b-b7b8-68d0584c9908 · outbound

This paper cites Deep residual learning for image recognition.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Deep residual learning for image recognition

Reference 8

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 49c6b1a6-04bf-4bd6-8e01-ac1fa6a2c1e9 · outbound

This paper cites Batch normalization: Accelerating deep network training by reducing internal co- variate shift.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Batch normalization: Accelerating deep network training by reducing internal co- variate shift

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.765743Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 8da74410-e8f3-499a-8712-ac55f0f789e3 · outbound

This paper cites Lawrence Zitnick, and Ross Girshick.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Lawrence Zitnick, and Ross Girshick

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.754671Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 363a53c8-ef00-47f8-94f0-7dd1435b5184 · outbound

This paper cites An analysis of visual question answering algorithms.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition An analysis of visual question answering algorithms

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.743686Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 0ea2d343-3a5f-4e9f-8bde-b5d852445ded · outbound

This paper cites Active learning with gaussian processes for object categorization.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Active learning with gaussian processes for object categorization

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.732386Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 7444ad61-1527-4282-bca0-3e4232c87a7f · outbound

This paper cites Visual genome: Connecting language and vision using crowdsourced dense image annotations.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Visual genome: Connecting language and vision using crowdsourced dense image annotations

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.720624Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 72b8d15d-e8aa-4f87-91e5-a9253a22fa56 · outbound

This paper cites The Open Images Dataset V4: Unified image classification, object detection, and visual relationship detection at scale.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition The Open Images Dataset V4: Unified image classification, object detection, and visual relationship detection at scale

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.291646Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 977e88b5-7f5f-4579-9ee0-fd2e69468400 · outbound

This paper cites Whence and whither in spatial language and spatial cognition? Behavioral and brain sciences, 16(2):255–265, 1993.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Whence and whither in spatial language and spatial cognition? Behavioral and brain sciences, 16(2):255–265, 1993

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.708734Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation e5caf37a-1aee-4679-a05c-1e9de34da380 · outbound

This paper cites Vip-cnn: Visual phrase guided convolutional neural network.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Vip-cnn: Visual phrase guided convolutional neural network

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.698227Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 2a8e7aa1-742f-4d83-a9c1-1045b6d8e251 · outbound

This paper cites Factorizable net: an efﬁcient subgraph-based framework for scene graph generation.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Factorizable net: an efﬁcient subgraph-based framework for scene graph generation

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.686867Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 940aaf7e-b1da-463e-a53d-a7cc4241f802 · outbound

This paper cites Scene graph generation from objects, phrases and region captions.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Scene graph generation from objects, phrases and region captions

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.674216Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 91c05069-3097-4370-9b3f-0fbc413e1f4a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.662428Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 1d36838d-3916-4cb1-911c-9ee7c707195b · outbound

This paper cites Microsoft coco: Common objects in context.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Microsoft coco: Common objects in context

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.310583Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 443c874f-2115-42ea-8b2f-50dd4e4da21b · outbound

This paper cites Visual relationship detection with language priors.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Visual relationship detection with language priors

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.644062Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 6f7de0b2-8d99-461f-8633-0a0782cc6ded · outbound

This paper cites Explicit bias discovery in visual question answering models.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Explicit bias discovery in visual question answering models

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.633114Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 651e2a59-7ef1-4f47-acec-9c0f571c3b64 · outbound

This paper cites Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.320667Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 2fc75eff-e5ba-43da-8c8f-c66a3dfd6d53 · outbound

This paper cites Rectiﬁed linear units im- prove restricted boltzmann machines.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Rectiﬁed linear units im- prove restricted boltzmann machines

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.324292Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation cb799259-ba4a-4b21-b8ff-566f19abb09d · outbound

This paper cites Stacked hour- glass networks for human pose estimation.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Stacked hour- glass networks for human pose estimation

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.328001Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation c3c6952e-a2b6-4f60-a22a-d01389ecd3f7 · outbound

This paper cites Automatic differentiation in pytorch.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Automatic differentiation in pytorch

Reference 26

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation d92d6d9e-040e-49d8-93bd-f7f6b904c9c8 · outbound

This paper cites Weakly-supervised learning of visual relations.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Weakly-supervised learning of visual relations

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.592873Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation a05d4b95-7938-4838-903e-1419f94c8cd7 · outbound

This paper cites Recognition us- ing visual phrases.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Recognition us- ing visual phrases

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.581610Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation b1b822bb-4b5e-4553-ac11-a8b57d1afdbd · outbound

This paper cites Indoor segmentation and support inference from rgbd images.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Indoor segmentation and support inference from rgbd images

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.343606Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation e58f0b67-7538-4053-b867-3861152e1399 · outbound

This paper cites Unbiased look at dataset bias.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Unbiased look at dataset bias

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.563809Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 3361398d-9991-4647-bae3-4d8ec205b372 · outbound

This paper cites Large- scale live active learning: Training object detectors with crawled data and crowds.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Large- scale live active learning: Training object detectors with crawled data and crowds

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.551404Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 7607c6c1-02de-4137-a0cb-aa64c4d635a2 · outbound

This paper cites Linknet: Relational embedding for scene graph.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Linknet: Relational embedding for scene graph

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.541315Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 5fc408da-dd93-45b3-93f0-a04192799612 · outbound

This paper cites Choy, and Li Fei-Fei.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Choy, and Li Fei-Fei

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.531592Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 08241787-bb75-45a2-b0a4-893cf019b9e1 · outbound

This paper cites Shufﬂe-then- assemble: Learning object-agnostic visual relationship fea- tures.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Shufﬂe-then- assemble: Learning object-agnostic visual relationship fea- tures

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.521793Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 9419c0cc-ef39-43dc-bcc7-9ac93aa2746b · outbound

This paper cites Morariu, and Larry S.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Morariu, and Larry S

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.510672Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 3be03521-cf54-4c2f-8a3c-3e3520c6b1de · outbound

This paper cites Semantic robot programming for goal- directed manipulation in cluttered scenes.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Semantic robot programming for goal- directed manipulation in cluttered scenes

Reference 36

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.498879Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 8ad3cdbf-39af-47ea-850f-46d0875148c5 · outbound

This paper cites Visual translation embedding network for visual relation detection.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Visual translation embedding network for visual relation detection

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.487232Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 0718cfb1-edf8-4444-a8e1-e13da9d47928 · outbound

This paper cites Ppr-fcn: Weakly supervised visual relation detec- tion via parallel pairwise r-fcn.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Ppr-fcn: Weakly supervised visual relation detec- tion via parallel pairwise r-fcn

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.475083Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation c2a3c9c0-1eac-4ab0-a8de-441e4aded287 · outbound

This paper cites Yin and yang: Balancing and an- swering binary visual questions.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Yin and yang: Balancing and an- swering binary visual questions

Reference 39

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.463249Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 4d2487b3-931a-4367-a1cc-36401623dd2c · outbound

This paper cites Towards context-aware interaction recognition for visual re- lationship detection.

SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition Towards context-aware interaction recognition for visual re- lationship detection

Reference 40

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:44:37.451302Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 7f3f7446-c88c-416c-a422-478b4e23c352 · inbound

Do Vision-Language Models Have Internal World Models? Towards an Atomic Evaluation cites this paper.

Do Vision-Language Models Have Internal World Models? Towards an Atomic Evaluation SpatialSense: An Adversarially Crowdsourced Benchmark for Spatial Relation Recognition

Reference 2019

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T22:22:39.582059Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.