Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science

As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 50 of 50 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2607.25991.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2607.25991 v1

Coverage vector

measured 50 of 50 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:27.511672Z

measured 50 of 50 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

50 of 50 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved50
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation ac1e6fc5-759d-4726-a51a-7e960fa22b24 · outbound

This paper cites A.et al.Comparing scientific abstracts generated by ChatGPT to real abstracts with detectors and blinded human reviewers.npj Digital Medicine6,75 (2023).

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science A.et al.Comparing scientific abstracts generated by ChatGPT to real abstracts with detectors and blinded human reviewers.npj Digital Medicine6,75 (2023)

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:19.957715Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 48f01826-2448-48ac-b8e6-2482cb93bb8a · outbound

This paper cites & Crockett, M.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science & Crockett, M

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:20.104640Z

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Observation 4c57a0f0-1b8f-4f91-8961-2a869c9ce981 · outbound

This paper cites von Osten): A Contribution to Experimental Animal and Human Psychology(Henry Holt and Company, New York, 1911).

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science von Osten): A Contribution to Experimental Animal and Human Psychology(Henry Holt and Company, New York, 1911)

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:20.219618Z

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Observation 4c5a84d8-ae24-4fe4-b8c2-10eadda6c5fa · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:20.322740Z

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Observation a8b09d0c-314a-4600-993c-9b6aadc8fe3c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:20.448898Z

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Observation 50ea110d-8003-48e1-89b4-1110450ef76f · outbound

This paper cites & Koyejo, S.Are Emergent Abilities of Large Language Models a Mirage?inAdvances in Neural Information Processing Systems 36 (NeurIPS 2023)(2023).

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science & Koyejo, S.Are Emergent Abilities of Large Language Models a Mirage?inAdvances in Neural Information Processing Systems 36 (NeurIPS 2023)(2023)

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:20.609257Z

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Observation c8e86a98-1965-457d-a2a1-0448996ec622 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:20.780359Z

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Observation 85812d99-de90-42ef-89dd-6e1be76c03bd · outbound

This paper cites & Silverthorne, M.) (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000).

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science & Silverthorne, M.) (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000)

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:20.953349Z

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Observation 54bec80d-2b78-4e80-a9c2-e390438225e1 · outbound

This paper cites J.Probability and the Weighing of Evidence(Charles Griffin, London, 1950).

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science J.Probability and the Weighing of Evidence(Charles Griffin, London, 1950)

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:21.104765Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bdb65948-7fed-42b7-b338-fcbaaa49f77e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:21.241545Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ff250adf-dd82-40da-8d1e-d5df3766f918 · outbound

This paper cites & Leibler, R.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science & Leibler, R

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:21.417143Z

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Observation b4a75b9b-02e5-474c-b246-1749f676f80d · outbound

This paper cites G.Statistical Inference as Severe Testing: How to Get Beyond the Statistics Wars (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2018).

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science G.Statistical Inference as Severe Testing: How to Get Beyond the Statistics Wars (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2018)

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:21.592279Z

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Observation ac20f9f5-0c99-48c2-bff1-7ba2740d3b2b · outbound

This paper cites & Zhang, Y.Do GANs learn the distribution? Some theory and empiricsinInternational Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)(2018).

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science & Zhang, Y.Do GANs learn the distribution? Some theory and empiricsinInternational Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)(2018)

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:21.792964Z

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Observation 70279220-b37b-4010-95b5-1872572e5359 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:21.937522Z

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Observation f137c6ab-d5fd-4879-a830-938d875510f1 · outbound

This paper cites Improved Precision and Recall Metric for Assessing Generative Models.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Improved Precision and Recall Metric for Assessing Generative Models

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:22.064168Z

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Observation 3acbd56c-d9c4-432d-8854-127ae5762e0d · outbound

This paper cites P., Nelson, L.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science P., Nelson, L

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:22.176007Z

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Observation cde250b2-b1ee-424d-9d91-3ed2bd5de639 · outbound

This paper cites & Loken, E.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science & Loken, E

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:22.343096Z

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Observation 2ae523a2-f98b-4e30-9fd0-bba485298f5a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:22.506422Z

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Observation 55e87f71-21f7-4458-983e-2a22044680b9 · outbound

This paper cites K., Bellgowan, P.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science K., Bellgowan, P

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:22.676627Z

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Observation 8f3c2cd5-5db5-49ec-816c-9e974ffdccde · outbound

This paper cites The Ladder: A Reliable Leaderboard for Machine Learning Competitions.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science The Ladder: A Reliable Leaderboard for Machine Learning Competitions

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:22.844343Z

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Observation c6e27d31-da52-4587-8278-8df1144c223f · outbound

This paper cites Do ImageNet Classifiers Generalize to ImageNet?.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Do ImageNet Classifiers Generalize to ImageNet?

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:22.998084Z

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Observation cf050033-4ae8-496e-8738-6cfd6acfe6ef · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:23.122550Z

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Observation fa55bbdf-698e-4216-84ba-a85345d6f114 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:23.231656Z

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Observation febf927d-fca5-4a89-a7be-17069a583c6d · outbound

This paper cites Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science.Sci- ence349,aac4716 (2015).

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science.Sci- ence349,aac4716 (2015)

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:23.407593Z

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Observation 1b764cea-96c2-402e-b53a-b4104b6ea4f5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:23.546254Z

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Observation c23a09ea-cc06-46d4-91e4-db25b340f149 · outbound

This paper cites & Narayanan, A.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science & Narayanan, A

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:23.766002Z

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Observation fcaceac9-e6bf-4e0b-9fc5-af8221105095 · outbound

This paper cites & Shirakawa, K.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science & Shirakawa, K

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:23.932607Z

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Observation 5d230deb-4946-47c5-8a7b-b92605c9e45a · outbound

This paper cites Overcoming Output Dimension Collapse: When Sparsity Enables Zero-shot Brain-to-Image Reconstruction at Small Data Scales.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Overcoming Output Dimension Collapse: When Sparsity Enables Zero-shot Brain-to-Image Reconstruction at Small Data Scales

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:24.136758Z

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Observation 76bcce86-e8c5-4c66-8a9f-a2bec646458f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:24.348679Z

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Observation de6bcd56-50f9-4932-8d9b-3872a802fa9a · outbound

This paper cites & Majima, K.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science & Majima, K

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:24.479368Z

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Observation 7fd6073c-8e11-4c3d-ad20-be22af34a930 · outbound

This paper cites A., Ebersole, C.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science A., Ebersole, C

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:24.654954Z

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Observation dbffe87f-6ae7-42fd-8caf-36cc3109ce74 · outbound

This paper cites N., Naselaris, T., Prenger, R.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science N., Naselaris, T., Prenger, R

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:24.844652Z

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Observation 879119e6-4edd-4d2c-bde1-e3a634a4656d · outbound

This paper cites Job market signaling.The Quarterly Journal of Economics87,355–374 (1973).

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Job market signaling.The Quarterly Journal of Economics87,355–374 (1973)

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:24.986289Z

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Observation 1ac781e8-343e-409d-8514-6036c5490997 · outbound

This paper cites Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot ArenainAdvances in Neural Information Processing Systems36(2023), 46595–46623.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot ArenainAdvances in Neural Information Processing Systems36(2023), 46595–46623

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:25.126365Z

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Observation 21c785a5-a903-419a-a968-bc4cdbb09619 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:25.284176Z

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Observation 490cce41-e89d-4713-a91d-6ec3336e9a00 · outbound

This paper cites Can AI-Generated Text be Reliably Detected?.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Can AI-Generated Text be Reliably Detected?

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:25.517043Z

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Observation 421a0e25-d4ea-4e21-bd9c-92273d3ee034 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:25.768732Z

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Observation fce2b7b3-def5-4f4c-87ad-6d7b92aea173 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:25.933491Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fbd2d85a-9853-44c7-847c-c36147ec77ff · outbound

This paper cites Large-scale simultaneous hypothesis testing: The choice of a null hypothesis.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Large-scale simultaneous hypothesis testing: The choice of a null hypothesis

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:25.998678Z

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Observation dc504c23-5542-46ef-87d3-45a9adce7b96 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:26.000828Z

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Observation 0cc9eb1b-07f4-4351-abc6-1dcece8a854f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:26.073845Z

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Observation fcf65c26-daa0-4d2a-b0ef-083dbe8f4d06 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:26.212005Z

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Observation 2d29ee88-f8b6-46c7-a390-0cb488ae5122 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:26.388374Z

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Observation 02249b9b-d690-4258-9671-09ac0a7b0275 · outbound

This paper cites & Walsh, D.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science & Walsh, D

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:26.586003Z

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Observation 8fd38bcf-9935-4050-b9e0-1e7ced8a96e5 · outbound

This paper cites Unpublished results hide the decline effect.Nature470,437 (2011).

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unpublished results hide the decline effect.Nature470,437 (2011)

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:26.812082Z

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Observation 766e978f-7139-481a-b2c0-4a5308b7eb2b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:26.947104Z

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Observation dc19b2cf-eb38-440f-9c51-f107febc1ad7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:27.100469Z

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Observation 5aa85c2a-48cd-49af-bfb4-c3632f519602 · outbound

This paper cites F.et al.Evaluating the replicability of social science experiments in Nature and Science between 2010 and 2015.Nature Human Behaviour2,637–644 (2018).

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science F.et al.Evaluating the replicability of social science experiments in Nature and Science between 2010 and 2015.Nature Human Behaviour2,637–644 (2018)

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:27.246762Z

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Observation 90859996-d6f5-4187-b075-2fc0ea3e0e60 · outbound

This paper cites Negative results are disappearing from most disciplines and countries.Sciento- metrics90,891–904 (2011).

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Negative results are disappearing from most disciplines and countries.Sciento- metrics90,891–904 (2011)

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:27.367283Z

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Observation d98c86a0-00b0-44b8-b63c-95c4b40fa45f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Phantom Evidence: How and Why Generative AI Manufactures False Positives in Science Unresolved cited work

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T01:02:27.511672Z

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Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.