Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience

As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 41 of 41 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2606.19826.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2606.19826 v1

Coverage vector

measured 41 of 41 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

measured 41 of 41 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

41 of 41 outbound references displayed

verified exact4
verified fuzzy0
unresolved30
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch7

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 7ab82328-02d9-4a85-bf6d-23051e6ca40f · outbound

This paper cites Forty-first international conference on machine learning , year=.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Forty-first international conference on machine learning , year=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation b8d9a9b6-fa36-48c2-a9a0-efa81b9abbf1 · outbound

This paper cites Proceedings of the 2024 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing , pages=.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Proceedings of the 2024 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing , pages=

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation fad2f9eb-b13b-49f0-9f5d-2640a47ccd31 · outbound

This paper cites Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing , pages=.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing , pages=

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 0eacd0b7-d6a3-473e-94f2-1f2013cecaeb · outbound

This paper cites Debating with More Persuasive LLMs Leads to More Truthful Answers.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Debating with More Persuasive LLMs Leads to More Truthful Answers

Reference 4

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T03:59:34.283597Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation e7677f70-cff7-4bca-8113-27ef3211c081 · outbound

This paper cites Diversity of thought elicits stronger reasoning capabilities in multi-agent debate frameworks.arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.12853.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Diversity of thought elicits stronger reasoning capabilities in multi-agent debate frameworks.arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.12853

Reference 5

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T03:59:34.286939Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation b0728dc5-87fd-465f-9a77-da22ec672a2c · outbound

This paper cites Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences , volume=.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences , volume=

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b2ac482a-8485-4275-a117-6a62dac863b2 · outbound

This paper cites Revisiting Multi-Agent Debate as Test-Time Scaling: A Systematic Study of Conditional Effectiveness.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Revisiting Multi-Agent Debate as Test-Time Scaling: A Systematic Study of Conditional Effectiveness

Reference 7

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T04:09:33.490797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 48381f58-83ac-4a2b-92de-bdebd873f8f4 · outbound

This paper cites Shunyu Yao, Jeffrey Zhao, Dian Yu, Nan Du, Izhak Shafran, Karthik Narasimhan, and Yuan Cao.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Shunyu Yao, Jeffrey Zhao, Dian Yu, Nan Du, Izhak Shafran, Karthik Narasimhan, and Yuan Cao

Reference 8

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T03:59:34.302986Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 7e84d23c-c86b-4680-9d80-4fd907d49144 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 78be40b0-58fa-4ef9-b394-156deb66a64c · outbound

This paper cites On the resilience of.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience On the resilience of

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation f8018f98-90cf-4c58-8626-fff5e1f4e3df · outbound

This paper cites Scientific Reports , volume=.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Scientific Reports , volume=

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 03651095-5d44-4052-aac2-70ed9a716824 · outbound

This paper cites Combating Adversarial Attacks with Multi-Agent Debate.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Combating Adversarial Attacks with Multi-Agent Debate

Reference 12

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T04:09:33.504373Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation fd0df02f-9f1a-42c3-a627-6ae2a1eff624 · outbound

This paper cites Detection Without Correction: A Two-Parameter Decomposition of Multi-Stage.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Detection Without Correction: A Two-Parameter Decomposition of Multi-Stage

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8a936509-9451-4f7d-b07b-fc97c4bb7b61 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 771d047d-9e90-4808-aced-f1b43f090d93 · outbound

This paper cites Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2024 , pages=.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2024 , pages=

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 712336c2-288b-420f-b102-cdc038221689 · outbound

This paper cites When Agents Disagree: The Selection Bottleneck in Multi-Agent.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience When Agents Disagree: The Selection Bottleneck in Multi-Agent

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation d4062d9e-c7e2-45e4-bfc5-34f324f9c65a · outbound

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Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Applied Sciences , volume=

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 52f11a81-2fa9-4ea5-8cd2-f716851281d9 · outbound

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Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 6f26ed45-04df-45f9-bc34-88cf8a5d99fe · outbound

This paper cites Benchmarking the Robustness of Agentic Systems to Adversarially-Induced Harms.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Benchmarking the Robustness of Agentic Systems to Adversarially-Induced Harms

Reference 19

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 6b807f0b-2a87-4ce2-b709-f4f0b2b42668 · outbound

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Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation b55b2158-4ae7-49de-8c38-9366338f86fa · outbound

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Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience AgentShield: Make

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eb866180-c125-4ea5-ae01-5e7061676897 · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Model Sentinel: LLM Agent for Adversarial Purification.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Large Language Model Sentinel: LLM Agent for Adversarial Purification

Reference 22

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T03:59:34.285436Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 57534950-d33d-4274-928a-2a25027c71b2 · outbound

This paper cites NomicLaw: Emergent Trust and Strategic Argumentation in.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience NomicLaw: Emergent Trust and Strategic Argumentation in

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation b00d32bf-96a9-4ff0-84c7-cf6247ae5377 · outbound

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Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Measuring mathematical problem solving with the

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 772062d6-7193-4cd3-a431-f40979d3a79a · outbound

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Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience International Conference on Learning Representations , volume=

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation f91c96fc-1a8a-4feb-886b-a21d116be68e · outbound

This paper cites GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark

Reference 26

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 3f84526a-fe14-4bc8-b16e-35ff125f8a03 · outbound

This paper cites International Conference on Learning Representations , volume=.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience International Conference on Learning Representations , volume=

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 6e5e713e-7636-4e82-a932-07c0fcbd4be4 · outbound

This paper cites International conference on learning representations , volume=.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience International conference on learning representations , volume=

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 88c7470c-702c-497c-86fc-149508017de6 · outbound

This paper cites International Conference on Learning Representations , volume=.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience International Conference on Learning Representations , volume=

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 3a6aa030-06ee-423d-8e4e-0a9687d89a8b · outbound

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Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Should we be going mad? a look at multi-agent debate strategies for

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 3ffbc689-9c21-4b0e-99e0-b2d4b202bec9 · outbound

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Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue , pages=

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 826b5ad9-221c-46b8-9d64-b6b5848a484f · outbound

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Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Who am I, and who else is here?

Reference 32

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T03:59:34.295079Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation ed479c4f-0621-40d8-9c54-cae7114d4241 · outbound

This paper cites Dissecting Adversarial Robustness of Multimodal LM Agents.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Dissecting Adversarial Robustness of Multimodal LM Agents

Reference 33

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T03:59:34.298535Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 05ff4b23-4148-442a-92f7-63d387e04257 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation baeb5fb1-e9fa-45d8-8ad7-d43997574ab3 · outbound

This paper cites Representational Collapse in Multi-Agent.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Representational Collapse in Multi-Agent

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 6bde084f-36d5-4216-9f9a-f36691707201 · outbound

This paper cites Not All Flips Are Conformity: Decomposing Stance Convergence in Multi-Agent.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Not All Flips Are Conformity: Decomposing Stance Convergence in Multi-Agent

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Observation 94047063-6cf0-472b-8c6b-2b716f7a2a4a · outbound

This paper cites Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing , pages=.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing , pages=

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 862453c9-8c78-42c7-af21-88208c7d0227 · outbound

This paper cites Parrot: Persuasion and agreement ro- bustness rating of output truth–a sycophancy robustness benchmark for llms.arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.17220.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Parrot: Persuasion and agreement ro- bustness rating of output truth–a sycophancy robustness benchmark for llms.arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.17220

Reference 38

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T03:59:34.291530Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation aa100da5-1046-4693-b9dd-5a19840ce407 · outbound

This paper cites Byzantine-Robust Decentralized Coordination of.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Byzantine-Robust Decentralized Coordination of

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6eb16567-45f5-4279-be37-bde2918b7e36 · outbound

This paper cites Rethinking the reliability of multi-agent system: A perspective from.

Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience Rethinking the reliability of multi-agent system: A perspective from

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e5ec5660-1bc9-4596-9116-f9af4eea67c4 · outbound

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Heterogeneous LLM Debate Under Adversarial Peers: Honest Gains, Replacement Costs, and Resilience When persuasion overrides truth in multi-agent

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T17:17:05.107942Z

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Pith citing papers

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