Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T23:18:14.606104Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 12 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 72 of 72 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.20756.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T23:18:14.606104Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
72 of 72 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 2ff6869c-eb8a-4935-871b-f12af0f0c595 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning GPT-4 Technical Report
Reference 1
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 91ea54d8-26ca-43b1-bc2e-60214025f88e · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning 2008.Models in cooperative game theory
Reference 2
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Observation 731a03e6-8d50-4279-8365-cab07c046e72 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Towards Imperceptible Document Manipulations against Neural Ranking Models
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 421d5295-0cf3-4f71-b4f3-d41116f86b9a · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
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Observation 1219b84a-dd34-48fd-9313-da42250a73fc · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
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Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
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Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 822adfea-0dda-4b3b-9759-37e2562f3397 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 8
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Observation 332ea8b0-f641-4506-9266-96f35d341c44 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Complementing Lexical Retrieval with Semantic Residual Embedding
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 395f4375-c367-403f-913b-6b14b143caf6 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Explaining and Harnessing Adversarial Examples
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 4021e04b-747b-4282-b4cb-3b7c00000168 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 11
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Observation b5686fd7-0488-432b-a417-154df46382df · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Bruce Croft
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d7ac3cb5-9960-4a34-9206-19658facd7a8 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 13
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Observation 73b55f04-fef6-451e-a60c-ed7007ad4eba · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation cc8bad2a-cb6d-4688-bebc-880a7f061000 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2d42c020-c0cd-4b58-90eb-0d21246061b5 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Johansson, Uri Shalit, and David A
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation b0f03748-b45a-43b1-bdc2-b3e87dd432f5 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answering
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 62e25d29-c536-4ef7-9a42-e16af438a9a7 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation eb9bb206-b87c-4aaa-9281-54672a8251dd · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8f8eb289-b863-4cb6-9830-a33e0d17bc01 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Kusner, Joshua R
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 27948dd0-ad23-4ce2-b249-11758bfb75f9 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 697f1ee6-3300-498f-8e10-c2064c83f018 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 15c5851d-cac4-4745-96ef-af072afe94ca · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation a14aa693-9dee-4700-8cda-6537982e3cba · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4c26b027-1a95-46cf-b6a8-1d225a863b0a · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f40a4db3-be22-49ca-aa9c-6eb3beeee68c · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 6328e2f9-b91f-4376-b78c-ceff8be0a206 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation bf937234-47bf-4655-a13a-d866076a1f27 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ec194b43-6213-4ac5-9130-16cc91144018 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning On the Robustness of Generative Retrieval Models: An Out-of-Distribution Perspective
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 61a55db0-4370-491e-b886-29778dca075d · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 726a70da-9cdc-4c7c-b7b0-b7dc0e1d8503 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 31
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Observation c71e9755-bd07-479e-861f-9c0a0d0b57fc · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Topic-oriented Adversarial Attacks against Black-box Neural Ranking Models
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 0ea2c938-ce17-4361-bd12-4fc1d0cc99c0 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Perturbation-Invariant Adversarial Training for Neural Ranking Models: Improving the Effectiveness-Robustness Trade-Off
Reference 33
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 5650fe0f-1a77-4764-b350-6b6d762bd3fa · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 03de2611-3c75-48ea-a50a-123b9d19a65f · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 2868e35f-d51c-442c-8baf-815ccd90ae42 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 500e0429-f314-45d2-99e0-8e829f358d14 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2406030f-8440-4d00-a0b6-1630416b3334 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Towards Deep Learning Models Resistant to Adversarial Attacks
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation efe95b86-4202-4ee3-a563-ee626a15df50 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation ddb5da94-b5d7-41f1-a8d7-4c7ec19cdaac · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 43070cce-7cf5-45d3-8db0-78a3320e67a9 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 41869c75-53ed-410e-98ce-6658fa152e9d · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation e48e33ca-2ee9-41ad-87b1-d0d07059632c · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Passage Re-ranking with BERT
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 084de725-e948-4cf1-b5d3-79f7513b9208 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 370a7743-fc15-4a02-bf76-45410d6d8b1c · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 52bf8090-fa64-4e58-a05e-76470023b036 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Bruce Croft, and Mohit Iyyer
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 90ac18ea-0a92-4dec-80e5-81f83e7e3b96 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning RocketQA: An Optimized Training Approach to Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answering
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fe46f21d-0950-445d-a84b-d1e8e2c6de7e · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Certified Defenses against Adversarial Examples
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 70c8eecc-a590-4321-90d5-a0b89b564a6e · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation a7a93cf9-be20-4d11-a319-e402f8a2166e · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Why should i trust you?
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3b105656-c3c9-4cfe-b9ca-07b295e1b93e · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 51
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Observation 54572386-265a-444b-a8d3-1708f5c25a6a · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 2fd8c7bb-91f6-4d2c-88fe-899e84ab69db · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Evidentiality-aware Retrieval for Overcoming Abstractiveness in Open-Domain Question Answering
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation f39cb4d2-356c-4960-a06e-3f406ac366df · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Intriguing properties of neural networks
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 447fff53-c3da-44e7-bd5a-3cab8547b399 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation d79978ad-b7aa-4088-a023-ac793b7d73a2 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1f1cf634-dceb-40de-9f99-d6084c07234a · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bca67eba-b43f-401c-8624-8b24343de6d5 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning On the Convergence and Robustness of Adversarial Training
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 59253d4d-150d-494d-bd06-ae000723bd14 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 59
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation a2273358-4263-458e-a366-207d09a26c1a · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 60
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 72b1d7fb-af84-4912-a12f-47f40a0e9daf · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 48a9f268-c400-4455-83d6-44b2fabe2406 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0293c3e0-22a6-4d1b-a7de-306efb477886 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning HuggingFace's Transformers: State-of-the-art Natural Language Processing
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c8dac8a3-074f-4ac9-a9cd-50a655b2872d · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 871ef13c-2df5-4fae-837f-cce7396c410e · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Bennett, Junaid Ahmed, and Arnold Overwijk
Reference 65
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 01a86af2-1845-45a3-a6d0-27ae574dc2c9 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 66
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 1bc6b4df-6fb9-4277-8897-99db89391b2a · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 67
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation d2c07cbd-19fe-4ca9-a07b-a2bd6abd3cc3 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning SAFER: A Structure-free Approach for Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions
Reference 68
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation a8a7119d-5975-4751-ba8f-6eabf44b568a · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Approximate Nearest Neighbor Negative Contrastive Learning for Dense Text Retrieval
Reference 70
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9f6fbab9-2742-4dbc-b783-37def24ec618 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Unresolved cited work
Reference 2017
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4da935df-ed13-4652-b40d-483101057ad1 · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning In Proceedings of the 36th Interna- tional Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2019, 9-15 June 2019, Long Beach, California, USA (Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, Vol
Reference 2019
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 5a3a2340-361a-4e81-a054-afa7112c12ea · outbound
Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning In Proceedings of the 43rd International ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR 2020, Virtual Event, China, July 25-30, 2020 , Jimmy X
Reference 2020
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.