Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model

As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 38 of 38 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.24355.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.24355 v1

Coverage vector

measured 38 of 38 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:22.716993Z

measured 38 of 38 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

38 of 38 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy1
unresolved33
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch2

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 03a6f5ee-9a0c-4843-8cb7-db89c1ea6499 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:20.057986Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e156ce58-bb14-4611-9515-1908ee436bad · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:28.491192Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation b6269443-be50-4c68-9a5e-a553b6b7fd7a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:28.259848Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 1e9dbe9a-b6ae-4ef0-bb68-918b14786226 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:27.989813Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 69c6ca78-e5d0-4c19-b6a1-a7d0f663776d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:27.764801Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 78b69f5f-63af-4549-bdf1-249831a3188a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:27.503019Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 06e6cc42-cfa6-4ea2-acfc-7aa5280f6cc2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:24.476214Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 40f4fce6-7bd7-4b4c-964c-80550db914b9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:20.648528Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ad0d86e8-6f81-42f3-8f6a-115961b723ab · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:20.750576Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ab04995b-6807-426e-a2ba-44485d778a98 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:20.825518Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8c3804cc-4c88-4f0a-b5c6-9e95eae41469 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:20.919326Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0ab3ecda-bf0d-4028-8a8a-a8184ee4762b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:27.321364Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation f25dbf18-12c1-4855-b097-3abe3d9d7d51 · outbound

This paper cites spreadthesign.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model spreadthesign

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:27.076473Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation b4df0cd9-2b1c-4b0a-94f0-c69a13b8df5a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:21.194940Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 66f736d7-3d7f-4049-85db-66e46396a88a · outbound

This paper cites Le, Maxim Krikun, Yonghui Wu, Zhifeng Chen, Nikhil Thorat, Fernanda Vi \'e gas, Martin Wattenberg, Greg Corrado, Macduff Hughes, and Jeffrey Dean.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Le, Maxim Krikun, Yonghui Wu, Zhifeng Chen, Nikhil Thorat, Fernanda Vi \'e gas, Martin Wattenberg, Greg Corrado, Macduff Hughes, and Jeffrey Dean

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:21.278335Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6925c033-1cb2-4f8a-b24a-e38cb9ddc0c0 · outbound

This paper cites Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:21.364061Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2673833a-6973-4add-ac90-8e9e3dc193cc · outbound

This paper cites Liddell and Robert E.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Liddell and Robert E

Reference 17

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:24.010045Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 5e5cc5d5-6fc2-4c53-ac8c-a99d6c15ca09 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:26.911923Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 28288e51-aa55-4e78-8b9a-53deedc7e8fc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:21.558987Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation afa9ce29-c0a9-46b6-9e23-291dbd179c76 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:26.694178Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d5a1d2fd-c0f7-4876-8a19-37a4825f2924 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:21.668308Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 58a51b24-964d-4afa-9db3-be1305b851a4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:21.723448Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7763f598-3d64-4eb5-a1ac-509c509fec30 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:26.516430Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 2a493e79-5065-4603-a5f1-d9601577d40d · outbound

This paper cites FLEURS-ASL: Including American Sign Language in Massively Multilingual Multitask Evaluation.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model FLEURS-ASL: Including American Sign Language in Massively Multilingual Multitask Evaluation

Reference 24

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:23.553584Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 72133b49-14ea-4acf-9b24-bc1595ef6d26 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:21.927079Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e16b2370-052c-4da4-b5e9-1e45caaf675e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:26.310956Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 84e3dc4f-3f6b-4f87-b895-284cda3c0c33 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:26.123799Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d4b9bef9-c6f3-4a86-a926-dd06304890a3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:22.116415Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ff3042bf-5d64-4746-ae30-6623bf423d1f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:22.173444Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6f0376e4-2758-4dd9-b4c1-b3bd3fd21e7e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:22.210900Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1f196e4a-eaff-4b33-ad56-2d2c7c21c972 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:25.945330Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation b0b442e1-eabe-409c-a883-be16f1e19306 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:25.693018Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation e5a1a784-007f-40c2-8022-8fa96c69b184 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:25.411118Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 2bb31975-c995-4aa2-a64c-996753ec4d37 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:23.203232Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 30b623d6-a6c6-46c5-895a-1a9025b0c091 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:25.128893Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d2ec6029-da59-4b95-8ed8-c49c6c2c9302 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:24.798661Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 17c06938-c5ef-41a3-ad3a-151898e0845c · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:22.665449Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cb13325b-488b-41ff-8f3a-0e2f136638c2 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Multilingual Gloss-free Sign Language Translation: Towards Building a Sign Language Foundation Model write newline

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:22.716993Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.