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A new cosmic microwave background constraint to primordial gravitational waves

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arxiv astro-ph/0603144 v1 pith:GU6CKX4I submitted 2006-03-06 astro-ph gr-qchep-phhep-th

Tristan L. Smith , Elena Pierpaoli , Marc Kamionkowski (Caltech) This is my paper · ORCID
classification astro-phgr-qchep-phhep-th
keywords backgroundomegaamplitudeconstraintcosmicfrequenciesgravitationalinitial
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Primordial gravitational waves (GWs) with frequencies > 10^{-15} Hz contribute to the radiation density of the Universe at the time of decoupling of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The effects of this GW background on the CMB and matter power spectra are identical to those due to massless neutrinos, unless the initial density-perturbation amplitude for the gravitational-wave gas is non-adiabatic, as may occur if such GWs are produced during inflation or some post-inflation phase transition. In either case, current observations provide a constraint to the GW amplitude that competes with that from big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), although it extends to much lower frequencies (~10^{-15} Hz rather than the ~10^{-10} Hz lower limit from BBN): at 95% confidence-level, Omega_gw h^2 < 6.9 x 10^{-6} for homogeneous (i.e., non-adiabatic) initial conditions. Future CMB experiments, like Planck and CMBPol, should allow sensitivities to Omega_gw h^2 < 1.4 x 10^{-6} and Omega_gw h^2 < 5 x 10^{-7}, respectively.

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Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

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    First search for high-frequency gravitational waves via inverse Gertsenshtein conversion in Earth's magnetic field with VLA and ALMA sets new upper limits h_c ≲ 10^{-18} from 1 GHz to 1 THz.

  2. Chiral gravitational waves from multi-phase magnetogenesis

    astro-ph.CO 2026-02 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Multi-phase inflation with chiral vector interactions generates amplified primordial magnetic fields that induce a detectable circularly polarized gravitational-wave background.

  3. Analytic Gravitational Wave Spectrum in Next-to-Minimal Bouncing Cosmology

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    A five-phase bouncing cosmology yields a broken power-law gravitational wave spectrum whose amplitude bound automatically keeps the bounce energy below the Planck scale.

  4. Gravitational wave signatures of primordial black hole accretion during early matter domination

    hep-ph 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    PBHs that form in a radiation era and accrete during an early matter era could produce a two-peak GW background detectable by LISA or BBO for asteroid-mass PBHs as all of dark matter.

  5. The price for monopole dark matter

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