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arxiv: quant-ph/0301063 · v2 · pith:4K5GO4HDnew · submitted 2003-01-15 · 🪐 quant-ph

Efficient classical simulation of slightly entangled quantum computations

classification 🪐 quant-ph
keywords classicalentanglementquantumcomputationcomputationsdynamicsamountbound
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We present a scheme to efficiently simulate, with a classical computer, the dynamics of multipartite quantum systems on which the amount of entanglement (or of correlations in the case of mixed-state dynamics) is conveniently restricted. The evolution of a pure state of n qubits can be simulated by using computational resources that grow linearly in n and exponentially in the entanglement. We show that a pure-state quantum computation can only yield an exponential speed-up with respect to classical computations if the entanglement increases with the size n of the computation, and gives a lower bound on the required growth.

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