Pith Number

pith:3GE7IH2C

pith:2021:3GE7IH2CFFGVUG5D4VGPFUI3EI

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

A General Descent Aggregation Framework for Gradient-based Bi-level Optimization

Jin Zhang, Pan Mu, Risheng Liu, Shangzhi Zeng, Xiaoming Yuan

arxiv:2102.07976 v3 · 2021-02-16 · cs.LG · cs.CV · math.DS · math.OC

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{3GE7IH2CFFGVUG5D4VGPFUI3EI}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T03:44:51.877925Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

d989f41f42294d5a1ba3e54cf2d11b2239a4810866f571bb88ed1768fa2d940a

Aliases

arxiv: 2102.07976 · arxiv_version: 2102.07976v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2102.07976 · pith_short_12: 3GE7IH2CFFGV · pith_short_16: 3GE7IH2CFFGVUG5D · pith_short_8: 3GE7IH2C

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/3GE7IH2CFFGVUG5D4VGPFUI3EI \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: d989f41f42294d5a1ba3e54cf2d11b2239a4810866f571bb88ed1768fa2d940a

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "53ae63a60ffb33fcec136b3918f2de6932d943e19ded39ec159b0e8774481b26",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.CV",
      "math.DS",
      "math.OC"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2021-02-16T06:58:12Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "cc75b71799afbe609e68f9367bdf5568d48e6d53358916949b815c92a7117e08"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2102.07976",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}