Pith Number

pith:BC5CUFXA

pith:2026:BC5CUFXACHWRFEACQ4ZO4IDUQP

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Lost in Aggregation: The Causal Interpretation of the IV Estimand

Danielle Tsao, Emilija Perkovi\'c, Frederick Eberhardt, Krikamol Muandet

arxiv:2601.12120 v2 · 2026-01-17 · stat.ME · stat.ML

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Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{BC5CUFXACHWRFEACQ4ZO4IDUQP}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Cited by

1 paper in Pith

Estimating Causal Effects from Data Generated by Stochastic Algorithms

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-08-04T00:30:31.587078Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

08ba2a16e011ed1290028732ee207483e00d27452ebf1fa51c357e61762a225a

Aliases

arxiv: 2601.12120 · arxiv_version: 2601.12120v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2601.12120 · pith_short_12: BC5CUFXACHWR · pith_short_16: BC5CUFXACHWRFEAC · pith_short_8: BC5CUFXA

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/BC5CUFXACHWRFEACQ4ZO4IDUQP \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 08ba2a16e011ed1290028732ee207483e00d27452ebf1fa51c357e61762a225a

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "fdcee96eb7644ea3c23e46ebfdbdba93f3b49917fda3bc7d76be127ccae8bd5d",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "stat.ML"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "stat.ME",
    "submitted_at": "2026-01-17T17:43:45Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "6b04f882dd15762e50cda2dce581af5b9397f4602049cfdf505ef2d4bff362e3"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2601.12120",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}