Pith. sign in
theorem

midpoint_on_closed_segment

proved
show as:
module
IndisputableMonolith.Mathematics.DistanceShellMultiplicity
domain
Mathematics
line
248 · github
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plain-language theorem explainer

The midpoint of two planar points lies on the closed segment joining them. Elementary convex-geometry fact used inside the distance-shell multiplicity development (Erdős #132 physicalization). Proof is a direct existential witness: parameter t = 1/2, with the two inequalities by norm_num and the vector identity by the module tactic.

Claim. For any $a,b\in\mathbb{R}^2$, the midpoint $\tfrac12 a+\tfrac12 b$ lies on the closed segment $[a,b]$: there exists $t\in[0,1]$ such that $\tfrac12 a+\tfrac12 b=(1-t)\,a+t\,b$.

background

The module DistanceShellMultiplicity records the Recognition Science reading of Erdős problem #132: classical pairwise Euclidean distance values become two-body recognition-energy shells, and shell multiplicity is occupancy. Ordered pairs are used for Lean simplicity, so classical multiplicity $\le n$ becomes ordered multiplicity $\le 2n$.

Point2 is the Euclidean plane $\mathbb{R}^2$ (alias of EuclideanSpace ℝ (Fin 2) from BipartiteDistanceSpectrum). The predicate OnClosedSegment a b x means $x$ is an affine combination $(1-t)a+tb$ for some real $t$ with $0\le t\le 1$: the closed line segment between two visible planar states.

This lemma is pure planar geometry infrastructure sitting under diameter-shell and sparse-shell arguments later in the same file.

proof idea

Term-mode existential construction. refine supplies the witness $t=1/2$ and three goals: $0\le 1/2$, $1/2\le 1$, and the vector equality. The two scalar inequalities close by norm_num. The remaining identity $\tfrac12 a+\tfrac12 b=(1-\tfrac12)a+(\tfrac12)b$ is pure module arithmetic over the real scalar action and is discharged by the module tactic.

why it matters

Earns its place as a one-line geometric primitive for the RS physicalization of Erdős #132. Closed-segment membership is the language in which diameter shells, sparse shells, and ordered distance spectra are later constrained; the next sibling notes that a closed segment is convex under affine combinations, of which the midpoint is the symmetric special case.

No downstream consumers are recorded yet (used_by empty), so the lemma is local scaffolding rather than a cited bridge into the forcing chain (T0–T8), RCL, or the mass ladder. It does not touch $\varphi$, eight-tick structure, or $D=3$; it only keeps planar convex geometry available inside the shell-multiplicity development.

Switch to Lean above to see the machine-checked source, dependencies, and usage graph.