Bayesian analysis of generic hybrid EOS with first-order deconfinement shows mass-gap hybrids require early transition and stiff quark matter, but data favor twins at 1.4 M_sun that exclude them.
Strangeness in Neutron Star Cooling
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abstract
We study the thermal evolution of neutron stars in the presence of hyperons or kaons in the core. Our results indicate that the nucleon and hyperon direct Urca processes play crucial roles for the cooling of neutron stars. The presence of hyperons drives fast cooling mechanisms in two ways: 1) it allows the hyperon direct Urca prior to the nucleon direct Urca, 2) and it makes the nucleon direct Urca more feasible by reducing the neutron Fermi momentum. We found that the neutron star equation of state (EOS) with hyperons can be consistent with both mass and temperature observations. We also found that the neutron star EOS with kaon condensation can be consistent with observations, even though the cooling behavior is seldom useful to identify or isolate the effect of kaon condensation.
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Hybrid stars among mass gap objects are excluded by twin stars at $1.4\,M_\odot$
Bayesian analysis of generic hybrid EOS with first-order deconfinement shows mass-gap hybrids require early transition and stiff quark matter, but data favor twins at 1.4 M_sun that exclude them.