Averaged constraints on conditional effects in causal masking almost surely yield policies that violate stratum-wise independence while satisfying the averaged constraint, with larger gains under confounding and heterogeneity.
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2026 2verdicts
UNVERDICTED 2representative citing papers
Analysis of lung function algorithms shows GLI-Global implicitly treats roughly 62% of the Black-White FEV1 gap as exposure-related and that clinical studies applied sufficiency-style fairness criteria before formal AI fairness work.
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Masking Causality and Conditional Dependence
Averaged constraints on conditional effects in causal masking almost surely yield policies that violate stratum-wise independence while satisfying the averaged constraint, with larger gains under confounding and heterogeneity.
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What Medicine Taught Us About Fairness and What It Missed: Lessons from Reconsidering Race-Specific Lung Function Reference Algorithms
Analysis of lung function algorithms shows GLI-Global implicitly treats roughly 62% of the Black-White FEV1 gap as exposure-related and that clinical studies applied sufficiency-style fairness criteria before formal AI fairness work.