In a BRST-symmetric theory with non-Hermitian fermion mass matrix, the one-loop contribution to the φ†φ two-point function becomes real for real external momentum after removing the i factor from the e^{iS} normalization, due to conjugate pole pairing.
Glueball masses from an infrared moment problem and nonperturbative Landau gauge
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We set up an infrared-based moment problem to obtain estimates of the masses of the scalar, pseudoscalar and tensor glueballs in Euclidean Yang-Mills theories using the Refined Gribov-Zwanziger (RGZ) version of the Landau gauge, which takes into account nonperturbative physics related to gauge copies. Employing lattice input for the mass scales of the RGZ gluon propagator, the lowest order moment problem approximation gives the values m_{0++}\approx 1.96 GeV, m_{2++} \approx 2.04 GeV and m_{0-+}\approx 2.19 GeV in the SU(3) case, all within a 20% range of the corresponding lattice values. We also recover the mass hierarchy m_{0++}<m_{2++}<m_{0-+}.
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Pathways to Real Composite Operators from Non-Hermitian Fermions
In a BRST-symmetric theory with non-Hermitian fermion mass matrix, the one-loop contribution to the φ†φ two-point function becomes real for real external momentum after removing the i factor from the e^{iS} normalization, due to conjugate pole pairing.