Presents classical GR solutions for black holes enveloped by ultra-relativistic orbiting particle shells that extend the photon sphere to arbitrary depth while remaining optically indistinguishable from standard black holes.
Andr´ easson,Existence of Steady States of the Massless Einstein–Vlasov System Surrounding a Schwarzschild Black Hole,Annales Henri Poincare22(2021) 4271 [2102.08170]
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A necessary and sufficient condition for thermodynamic mimicry of Schwarzschild black holes is satisfied by a one-parameter family of self-similar systems including hillingar black holes, stiffest stars, and frozen stars, derived from photon-sphere control of junction conditions and the TOV equation
Hillingar black holes thermodynamically mimic ordinary black holes of mass M, sharing temperature and entropy under thermal equilibrium.
citing papers explorer
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On Black Holes Surrounded by Radiation: I. Classical Considerations
Presents classical GR solutions for black holes enveloped by ultra-relativistic orbiting particle shells that extend the photon sphere to arbitrary depth while remaining optically indistinguishable from standard black holes.
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As Cold as a Black Hole: Extended Photon Spheres
A necessary and sufficient condition for thermodynamic mimicry of Schwarzschild black holes is satisfied by a one-parameter family of self-similar systems including hillingar black holes, stiffest stars, and frozen stars, derived from photon-sphere control of junction conditions and the TOV equation
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On Black Holes Surrounded by Radiation II: Thermodynamics
Hillingar black holes thermodynamically mimic ordinary black holes of mass M, sharing temperature and entropy under thermal equilibrium.