Local calibration of likelihood ratios conditioned on hidden-space position corrects Simpson's paradox in token averaging and substantially improves machine-text detection across baselines.
SpecDetect: Simple, Fast, and Training-Free Detection of LLM-Generated Text via Spectral Analysis
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Log-Likelihood, Simpson's Paradox, and the Detection of Machine-Generated Text
Local calibration of likelihood ratios conditioned on hidden-space position corrects Simpson's paradox in token averaging and substantially improves machine-text detection across baselines.