Higher spin gravity path integral on S^4 glues to an Sp(N) or superconformal S^3 boundary theory, giving leading contribution 2^N with one-loop cancellations.
De Sitter Holography with a Finite Number of States
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abstract
We investigate the possibility that, in a combined theory of quantum mechanics and gravity, de Sitter space is described by finitely many states. The notion of observer complementarity, which states that each observer has complete but complementary information, implies that, for a single observer, the complete Hilbert space describes one side of the horizon. Observer complementarity is implemented by identifying antipodal states with outgoing states. The de Sitter group acts on S-matrix elements. Despite the fact that the de Sitter group has no nontrivial finite-dimensional unitary representations, we show that it is possible to construct an S-matrix that is finite-dimensional, unitary, and de Sitter-invariant. We present a class of examples that realize this idea holographically in terms of spinor fields on the boundary sphere. The finite dimensionality is due to Fermi statistics and an `exclusion principle' that truncates the orthonormal basis in which the spinor fields can be expanded.
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2026 2representative citing papers
A finite-dimensional quantum model with commensurable energy eigenvalues and minimum-entropy initial condition yields exact periodicity and a distinguished entropy minimum that may represent the Big Bang while suppressing Boltzmann Brains.
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dS$^4$ Metamorphosis
Higher spin gravity path integral on S^4 glues to an Sp(N) or superconformal S^3 boundary theory, giving leading contribution 2^N with one-loop cancellations.
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Toward a Phenomenologically Acceptable Quantum Cyclic Universe
A finite-dimensional quantum model with commensurable energy eigenvalues and minimum-entropy initial condition yields exact periodicity and a distinguished entropy minimum that may represent the Big Bang while suppressing Boltzmann Brains.