Arithmetic regularity decomposes arithmetic problems into real, p-adic, and combinatorial factors to obtain correct lower bounds on solution counts in dense sets, illustrated on a linear-plus-higher-degree equation system.
Weak approximation results for quadratic forms in four variables
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abstract
Let $F$ be a quadratic form in four variables, let $m\in\mathbb{N}$ and let $\mathbf{k}\in \mathbb{Z}^4$. We count integer solutions to $F(\mathbf{x})=0$ with $\mathbf{x}\equiv \mathbf{k}\:\mathrm{mod}(m)$. One can compare this to the similar problem of counting solutions to $F(\mathbf{x})=0$ without the congruence condition. It turns out that adding the congruence condition sometimes gives a very different main term than the homogeneous case. In particular, there are examples where the number of primitive solutions to the problem is $0$, while the number of unrestricted solutions is nonzero.
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2026 1verdicts
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Arithmetic regularity as an alternative to transference
Arithmetic regularity decomposes arithmetic problems into real, p-adic, and combinatorial factors to obtain correct lower bounds on solution counts in dense sets, illustrated on a linear-plus-higher-degree equation system.