A Luttinger-Ward analysis of the slave-rotor formalism is developed to compute Green's functions and thermodynamic properties in the U(1) spin liquid phase of the Hubbard model beyond mean-field.
As a result, the electron Green’s function can be readily ob- tained as: Gc(x′′, x) = X x′ 1 − Gc,0t −1 (x′′, x′)Gc,0(x′, x)
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Spin liquid phase in the Hubbard model: Luttinger-Ward analysis of the slave-rotor formalism
A Luttinger-Ward analysis of the slave-rotor formalism is developed to compute Green's functions and thermodynamic properties in the U(1) spin liquid phase of the Hubbard model beyond mean-field.