An effective theory combining perturbation theory for disordered phases and quadratic-plus-quartic approximations for ordered phases describes the quantum ground states of the dipolar planar rotor chain and matches numerical benchmarks.
Also, the displacements are real, implying the condition thatφ −j =φ ∗ j Finally, by writing the kinetic and potential energy in terms of the NM variables (see Eqs
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Effective theory of quantum phases in the dipolar planar rotor chain
An effective theory combining perturbation theory for disordered phases and quadratic-plus-quartic approximations for ordered phases describes the quantum ground states of the dipolar planar rotor chain and matches numerical benchmarks.