Derives analytic relic yields for dark matter production in general reheating scenarios parametrized by equation-of-state ω, cooling index α, interaction scale Λ and temperature power n, organized by two critical temperature exponents.
Dark Matter Production in an Early Matter Dominated Era
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abstract
We investigate dark matter (DM) production in an early matter dominated era where a heavy long-lived particle decays to radiation and DM. In addition to DM annihilation into and thermal DM production from radiation, we include direct DM production from the decay of the long-lived particle. In contrast to earlier treatments the temperature dependence of the number of degrees of freedom $g_*$ in the Standard Model (SM) plasma is treated carefully. Besides the well-known cases of thermal hot and cold DM, additional regions of parameter space with the approximately correct DM relic density appear. In some of these regions the temperature dependence of $g_*$ can change the final DM density by several hundred percent. Furthermore, we analyze the effect of allowing nonvanishing initial abundances for radiation and DM. We find an upper bound on the mass of the long-lived particle if the DM annihilation cross section is below that corresponding to thermal WIMP (Weakly Interactive Massive Particle) DM in standard cosmology.
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hep-ph 2years
2026 2verdicts
UNVERDICTED 2representative citing papers
Early matter domination with time-dependent decay rates produces multiple first-order phase transitions whose gravitational wave signatures encode the transition and reheating temperatures.
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Freeze-in and ultra-relativistic freeze-out during general reheating scenarios
Derives analytic relic yields for dark matter production in general reheating scenarios parametrized by equation-of-state ω, cooling index α, interaction scale Λ and temperature power n, organized by two critical temperature exponents.
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Gravitational Waves from Multiple First-Order Phase Transitions in a Scenario with Early Matter Domination
Early matter domination with time-dependent decay rates produces multiple first-order phase transitions whose gravitational wave signatures encode the transition and reheating temperatures.