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arxiv: 0906.2367 · v3 · submitted 2009-06-12 · 🌀 gr-qc · hep-th

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Uniqueness of Extremal Kerr and Kerr-Newman Black Holes

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classification 🌀 gr-qc hep-th
keywords blackextremaluniquenessholekerrkerr-newmanprovesolution
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We prove that the only four dimensional, stationary, rotating, asymptotically flat (analytic) vacuum black hole with a single degenerate horizon is given by the extremal Kerr solution. We also prove a similar uniqueness theorem for the extremal Kerr-Newman solution. This closes a longstanding gap in the black hole uniqueness theorems.

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Cited by 1 Pith paper

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Taming the Aretakis instability: extremal black holes with multi-degenerate horizons

    gr-qc 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Black holes with infinitely degenerate horizons are proposed to be stable against Aretakis instability, potentially serving as end states.