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Terrestrial and Solar Limits on Long-Lived Particles in a Dark Sector

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arxiv 0910.1602 v2 pith:Z3MYWFVP submitted 2009-10-09 hep-ph astro-ph.HE

classification hep-phastro-ph.HE
keywords darkparticlessectorconstrainedexperimentsgaugelifetimesdecay
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Dark matter charged under a new gauge sector, as motivated by recent data, suggests a rich GeV-scale "dark sector" weakly coupled to the Standard Model by gauge kinetic mixing. The new gauge bosons can decay to Standard Model leptons, but this mode is suppressed if decays into lighter dark sector particles are kinematically allowed. These particles in turn typically have macroscopic decay lifetimes that are constrained by two classes of experiments, which we discuss. Lifetimes of 10 cm < c tau < 10^8 cm are constrained by existing terrestrial beam-dump experiments. If, in addition, dark matter captured in the Sun (or Earth) annihilates into these particles, lifetimes up to 10^15 cm are constrained by solar observations. These bounds span fourteen orders of magnitude in lifetime, but they are not exhaustive. Accordingly, we identify promising new directions for experiments including searches for displaced di-muons in B-factories, studies at high-energy and -intensity proton beam dumps, precision gamma-ray and electronic measurements of the Sun, and milli-charge searches re-analyzed in this new context.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Complementary Planetary Spectroscopy Probes of Dark Matter

    hep-ph 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Dark matter annihilation energy deposited in planetary atmospheres and interiors, compared against existing UV airglow and heat flow measurements, yields new sub-GeV scattering constraints and long-lived mediator reach.

  2. Searching for dark matter annihilating into light long-lived mediators from stars inside dwarf spheroidal galaxies

    astro-ph.HE 2025-01 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Fermi-LAT observations of ten dwarf spheroidals place upper limits on dark matter-nucleon scattering by modeling stellar capture and annihilation through long-lived mediators.

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