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Sarma phase in relativistic and non-relativistic systems

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arxiv 1409.5232 v2 pith:BENZ62KQ submitted 2014-09-18 cond-mat.quant-gas hep-phnucl-th

classification cond-mat.quant-gashep-phnucl-th
keywords phasesarmarelativisticmean-fieldnon-relativisticsystemsfermifermion
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We investigate the stability of the Sarma phase in two-component fermion systems in three spatial dimensions. For this purpose we compare strongly-correlated systems with either relativistic or non-relativistic dispersion relation: relativistic quarks and mesons at finite isospin density and spin-imbalanced ultracold Fermi gases. Using a Functional Renormalization Group approach, we resolve fluctuation effects onto the corresponding phase diagrams beyond the mean-field approximation. We find that fluctuations induce a second order phase transition at zero temperature, and thus a Sarma phase, in the relativistic setup for large isospin chemical potential. This motivates the investigation of the cold atoms setup with comparable mean-field phase structure, where the Sarma phase could then be realized in experiment. However, for the non-relativistic system we find the stability region of the Sarma phase to be smaller than the one predicted from mean-field theory. It is limited to the BEC side of the phase diagram, and the unitary Fermi gas does not support a Sarma phase at zero temperature. Finally, we propose an ultracold quantum gas with four fermion species that has a good chance to realize a zero-temperature Sarma phase.

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    A renormalization-group invariant mean-field quark-meson model with one fitted scale reproduces lattice QCD thermodynamics at finite isospin density and predicts a multicritical chiral/pion-condensation point in the c...

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